Assessing the effectiveness of pharmacist-directed medication therapy management in improving diabetes outcomes in patients with poorly controlled diabetes.
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare medication adherence rates and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) health outcomes in a sample of underserved patients with suboptimally controlled T2DM (A1C >7%) who had received pharmacist-directed medication therapy management (MTM) to those who had not received MTM. Methods: A retrospective review of 100 patient records was conducted. For the MTM group, a pharmacist engaged patients in patient-centered services to optimize therapeutic outcomes. Non-MTM patients received usual care. Outcomes were A1C, medication adherence, blood pressure, lipids, and creatinine. Group comparisons on clinical outcomes were analyzed before and after matching MTM and non-MTM patients on demographic characteristics. Results: Before matching, the MTM group had a higher rate of medication adherence than the non-MTM group. The A1C levels were lower in the MTM group compared to the non-MTM group. Similarly, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was lower in the MTM group compared to the non-MTM group. After matching, medication adherence rate remained higher in the MTM group than the non-MTM group. Similarly, A1C levels remained lower in the MTM group than the non-MTM group. Conclusions: There is a paucity of research focused on behavioral interventions for improving health outcomes in underserved communities. Our results advance the existing literature by demonstrating a positive association between pharmacist-directed MTM, medication adherence, and glycemic control in a sample of underserved patients with suboptimally controlled T2DM. A prospective pharmacy intervention and examination of long-term effects of MTM on medication adherence and T2DM health outcomes in this population is warranted.
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The present study's results aligned with previous studies that found short-term (<12 months) improvement in HbA1c with clinical pharmacists providing medication management services in similar settings.
“Our results aligned with those of previous studies52,53 that found short-term (<12 months) improvement in HbA1c with clinical pharmacists providing medication management services in similar settings.”
From Mobile Health Intervention in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial (2023) · cites this paper as [52]
The Discussion and Results > Clinical Outcomes report lower HbA1c in patients receiving pharmacist-directed medication therapy management at a community health center than in those receiving usual care. But Methods > Study Population describes a consecutive 12-month observation period, not a period of less than 12 months, and the analysis compares groups rather than demonstrating a within-patient improvement in HbA1c. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Mobile Health Intervention in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial
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Sharp, L. K., Biggers, A., Perez, R., Henkins, J., Tilton, J., & Gerber, B. S. (2021) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/17170 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
- Authors
- Skinner, J. S., Poe, B., Hopper, R., Boyer, A., & Wilkins, C. H.
- Affiliations
- Meharry Medical College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wilkins, Consuelo H.
- ORCID
- Wilkins, Consuelo H.
- Venue
- The Diabetes Educator
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2015-05-25
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 459-465
- ISSN
- 0145-7217 (ISSN-L)
- 1554-6063
- PMC
- PMC4504766
- OpenAlex
- W2119873478
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7
- FWCI
- 7.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Science of Diabetes Self-Management and Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000445)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK092986)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (U54MD007593)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacy and Medical Practices
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Keywords
- medication therapy management, pharmacist intervention, type 2 diabetes, uncontrolled diabetes, medication adherence, glycemic control, HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, underserved populations, behavioral interventions, patient-centered care
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Blood Pressure, Creatinine, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Pharmaceutical Services, Pharmacists, Retrospective Studies, Program Evaluation, Case-Control Studies, Medication Therapy Management, Medication Adherence
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