The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Marital Quality, Forgiveness, Empathy, and Rumination: A Longitudinal Analysis
Abstract
McCullough, Rachal, et al.’s (1998) social-psychological framework of forgiveness informed a longitudinal study that examined the extent to which marital forgiveness is determined by social-cognitive (the offended spouse’s rumination and emotional empathy) and relationship variables (the quality of the relationship in which the offense took place). In the study, 119 husbands and 124 wives from long- and medium-term marriages in north Italy provided data at two time points separated by a 6-month interval. Structural equation models showed that rumination and empathy independently predicted concurrent marital forgiveness. Forgiveness in turn predicted concurrent marital quality. Finally, reciprocal directions of effect emerged between forgiveness and marital quality over time. These results are discussed in terms of their implications for promoting forgiveness, and future research directions are outlined.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Interpersonal forgiving in close relationships: II: Theoretical elaboration and measurement
McCullough, M. E., Rachal, K. C., Sandage, S. J., Worthington, E. L., Brown, S. W., & Hight, T. L. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.75.6.1586 · Cited by 1,435
Brown, R. P. (2003) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167203029006008 · Cited by 505
Understanding Betrayals in Marriage: A Synthesized Model of Forgiveness
GORDON, K. C., & BAUCOM, D. H. (1998) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1998.00425.x · Cited by 186
Cited by
Martel, M. M. (2013) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0032247 · Cited by 326
Allemand, M., Steiger, A. E., & Fend, H. A. (2015) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12098 · Cited by 270
Karremans, J. C., Schellekens, M. P. J., & Kappen, G. (2017) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868315615450 · Cited by 247
Burnette, J. L., Davis, D. E., Green, J. D., Worthington, E. L., & Bradfield, E. (2009) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.10.016 · Cited by 246
The antecedents and consequences of interpersonal forgiveness: A meta‐analytic review
RIEK, B. M., & MANIA, E. W. (2012) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2011.01363.x · Cited by 237
Metadata
- Authors
- Paleari, F. G., Regalia, C., & Fincham, F.
- Venue
- Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2005-03
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 368-378
- ISSN
- 0146-1672 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-7433
- OpenAlex
- W2111429984
- Cited by
- 269
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 13.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Marital Quality, Forgiveness, Empathy, and Rumination: A Longitudinal Analysis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/0146167204271597
- The paper
- Paleari, F. G., Regalia, C., & Fincham, F. (2005). Marital Quality, Forgiveness, Empathy, and Rumination: A Longitudinal Analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167204271597
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
