The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Measurement of Racial Stereotype Subtyping
Abstract
This study examined characteristics associated with the global racial category "Blacks" and with several subtypes of the racial category: "streetwise, `"ghetto," "welfare," "athlete, "and "businessman. " Subjects were provided with one label and were asked to generate chtaracteristics commonly associated with it. Subjects' responses were submitted to discriminant function analysis, which provides information concerning the relation of characteristics listed by subjects to dimensions that explain the variance in subjects' responses and provides measures of the degree of overlap among the subtypes. The analysis revealed three dimensions: a negative/positive dimension, an athletic dimension, and a unique characteristic dimension. There were many classification errors for the "streetwise," "welfare," and "ghetto" subtypes but few classification errors for the "businessman " and "athlete " subtypes. The global stereotype, with its partial overlap with many of the subtypes, produced a moderate number of classification errors. Discriminant function analysis as a tool for studying subtyping is discussed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components
Devine, P. G. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.56.1.5 · Cited by 5,673
Self-citationThe nonverbal mediation of self-fulfilling prophecies in interracial interaction
Word, C. O., Zanna, M. P., & Cooper, J. (1974) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(74)90059-6 · Cited by 902
Cited by
The Malleability of Automatic Stereotypes and Prejudice
Blair, I. V. (2002) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0603_8 · Cited by 1,152
Cultural Schemas, Social Class, and the Flexibility Stigma
Williams, J. C., Blair‐Loy, M., & Berdahl, J. L. (2013) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/josi.12012 · Cited by 744
Imagining stereotypes away: The moderation of implicit stereotypes through mental imagery.
Blair, I. V., Ma, J. E., & Lenton, A. P. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.81.5.828 · Cited by 734
Stereotype threat effects on Black and White athletic performance
Stone, J., Lynch, C. I., Sjomeling, M., & Darley, J. M. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.1213 · Cited by 712
Penalizing Men Who Request a Family Leave: Is Flexibility Stigma a Femininity Stigma?
Rudman, L. A., & Mescher, K. (2013) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/josi.12017 · Cited by 566
Metadata
- Authors
- Devine, P. G., & Baker, S. M.
- Venue
- Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1991-02
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 44-50
- ISSN
- 0146-1672 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-7433
- OpenAlex
- W2132425598
- Cited by
- 227
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 24.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Measurement of Racial Stereotype Subtyping. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/0146167291171007
- The paper
- Devine, P. G., & Baker, S. M. (1991). Measurement of Racial Stereotype Subtyping. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167291171007
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.