The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Some Theoretical Issues Relating to Educational Evaluation
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“A few years later, Bloom [23] extended this idea to the classroom, emphasizing the use of ongoing assessment to diagnose student misunderstandings and tailor instruction to promote mastery learning.”
From Formative assessment and feedback in medical education: A practical guide: AMEE Guide No. 189 (2026) · cites this paper as [23]
Citations
Cites
Still being checked.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Debriefing as Formative Assessment: Closing Performance Gaps in Medical Education
Rudolph, J. W., Simon, R., Raemer, D. B., & Eppich, W. (2008) · Academic Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1553-2712.2008.00248.x · Cited by 825
OECD (2010) · Educational research and innovation · doi:10.1787/9789264086487-en · Cited by 418
Formative Assessment: Getting the Focus Right
Wiliam, D. (2006) · Educational Assessment · doi:10.1080/10627197.2006.9652993 · Cited by 313
Su, J., Zhong, Y., & Ng, D. T. K. (2022) · Computers and Education Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100065 · Cited by 313
Technological Issues for Computer-Based Assessment
Csapó, B., Ainley, J., Bennett, R. E., Latour, T., & Law, N. W. Y. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2324-5_4 · Cited by 160
Co-operative learning: what makes group-work work?
Slavin, R. E. (2010) · Educational research and innovation · doi:10.1787/9789264086487-9-en · Cited by 156
A meta-review of the student role in feedback
der Kleij, F. M. V., Adie, L. E., & Cumming, J. (2019) · International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1016/j.ijer.2019.09.005 · Cited by 150
Assessment for learning in the Hong Kong assessment reform: A case of policy borrowing
Yan, Z., & Brown, G. (2021) · Studies In Educational Evaluation · doi:10.1016/j.stueduc.2021.100985 · Cited by 111
Rudolph, J. W., Foldy, E. G., Robinson, T., Kendall, S., Taylor, S. S., & Simon, R. (2013) · Simulation in Healthcare The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare · doi:10.1097/sih.0b013e318294854e · Cited by 104
The crucial role of motivation and emotion in classroom learning
Boekaerts, M. (2010) · Educational research and innovation · doi:10.1787/9789264086487-6-en · Cited by 99
Chai, F., Ma, J., Wang, Y., Zhu, J., & Han, T. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1221177 · Cited by 103
Liao, X., Zhang, X., Wang, Z., & Luo, H. (2024) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/bjet.13424 · Cited by 100
Jiménez, E. G. (2015) · RELIEVE - Revista Electrónica de Investigación y Evaluación Educativa · doi:10.7203/relieve.21.2.7546 · Cited by 94
A Faculty Toolkit for Formative Assessment in Pharmacy Education
DiVall, M. V., Alston, G. L., Bird, E., Buring, S. M., Kelley, K. A., Murphy, N. L., Schlesselman, L. S., Stowe, C. D., & Szilagyi, J. E. (2014) · American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education · doi:10.5688/ajpe789160 · Cited by 68
Tomasik, M., Berger, S., & Moser, U. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02245 · Cited by 48
Stichwort – Formatives Assessment
Schütze, B., Souvignier, E., & Hasselhorn, M. (2018) · Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft · doi:10.1007/s11618-018-0838-7 · Cited by 78
Preparing Teachers of English Language Learners: Empirical Evidence and Policy Implications
López, F., Scanlan, M. K., & Gundrum, B. (2013) · Education Policy Analysis Archives · doi:10.14507/epaa.v21n20.2013 · Cited by 59
Braund, H., & DeLuca, C. (2018) · The Australian Educational Researcher · doi:10.1007/s13384-018-0265-z · Cited by 56
Kyaruzi, F. M., Strijbos, J.-W., Ufer, S., & Brown, G. (2018) · Studies In Educational Evaluation · doi:10.1016/j.stueduc.2018.01.004 · Cited by 47
Teacher Educators’ Conceptions of Language Assessment Literacy in Norway
Bøhn, H., & Tsagari, D. (2021) · Journal of Language Teaching and Research · doi:10.17507/jltr.1202.02 · Cited by 38
Formative assessment and feedback in medical education: A practical guide: AMEE Guide No. 189
Lipnevich, A. A., Mattern, K., & Feddock, C. (2026) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/0142159x.2025.2569623 · Cited by 37
Evaluación y calidad: análisis de un modelo
de la Orden, A. (1970) · Estudios sobre Educación · doi:10.15581/004.16.22426 · Cited by 33
Harris, I. B. (2002) · Springer international handbooks of education · doi:10.1007/978-94-010-0462-6_3 · Cited by 33
Erken Çocukluk Döneminde 21. Yüzyıl Becerileri
Akyol, N. A., & Aşkar, N. (2022) · Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17152/gefad.1081472 · Cited by 34
Grover, S. (2021) · ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (SIGCSE) · doi:10.1145/3408877.3432460 · Cited by 29
Burkhardt, H., & Schoenfeld, A. H. (2018) · ZDM · doi:10.1007/s11858-018-0937-1 · Cited by 28
Impact of Formative Assessment Practices on Student Motivation for Learning the English Language
Muho, A., & Taraj, G. (2022) · International Journal of Education and Practice · doi:10.18488/61.v10i1.2842 · Cited by 37
Ninomiya, S. (2016) · Educational Studies in Japan · doi:10.7571/esjkyoiku.10.79 · Cited by 27
Case-based Discussion: Assessment Tool or Teaching Aid?
Jyothirmayi, R. (2012) · Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.clon.2012.07.008 · Cited by 26
Library-Use Instruction: Assessment of the Long-Term Effects
Hardesty, L. L., Lovrich, N. P., & Mannon, J. M. (1982) · College & Research Libraries · doi:10.5860/crl_43_01_38 · Cited by 26
Promoting Academic Integrity in Remote/Online Assessment – EFL Teachers’ Perspectives
Vellanki, S. S., Mond, S., & Khan, Z. K. (2023) · Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language--TESL-EJ · doi:10.55593/ej.26104a7 · Cited by 22
Self-assessment via a blended-learning strategy to improve performance in an accounting subject
Sánchez, V. M. G., Montes, R., & Pérez-López, M. C. (2014) · RUSC Universities and Knowledge Society Journal · doi:10.7238/rusc.v11i2.2055 · Cited by 20
Minimization of a Short Computer-Based Test in Reading
Schurig, M., Jungjohann, J., & Gebhardt, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2021.684595 · Cited by 19
Wang, Y. (2023) · European Journal of Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s10212-023-00701-9 · Cited by 30
Hasim, Z., Di, S., & Barnard, R. (2018) · Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.17509/ijal.v8i1.11476 · Cited by 19
Functions of Assessment in Teacher Education
Smith, K. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-0369-1_12 · Cited by 18
Truth and domination of the visual image
Nikolova, E. T. (2019) · International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences · doi:10.32591/coas.e-conf.04.23255n · Cited by 17
Latif, M. W., & Wasim, A. (2024) · Language Testing in Asia · doi:10.1186/s40468-024-00332-x · Cited by 17
Shin, I., Hwang, S. B., Yoo, Y. J., Bae, S., & Kim, R. Y. (2025) · Proceedings of the 15th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference · doi:10.1145/3706468.3706488 · Cited by 16
“Bloom [9] used the same term but conceptualized the distinction between formative and summative in relation to student learning [4, 7, 48].”
Jiménez, E. G., Noche, M. B. G., & Gómez-Ruíz, M. Á. (2014) · Innovation, technology and knowledge management · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10804-9_9 · Cited by 19
Computerbasierte Lernverlaufsdiagnostik
Souvignier, E. (2018) · Lernen und Lernstörungen · doi:10.1024/2235-0977/a000240 · Cited by 15
Black, P. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-044894-7.00360-2 · Cited by 17
Alam, M. J., & Aktar, T. (2019) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.5539/elt.v12n7p161 · Cited by 13
Souvignier, E., & Hasselhorn, M. (2018) · Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft · doi:10.1007/s11618-018-0839-6 · Cited by 13
Computer Adaptive Testing Using Upper-Confidence Bound Algorithm for Formative Assessment
Meleško, J., & Novickij, V. (2019) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app9204303 · Cited by 12
Pei, Y., Han, J., Zhao, J., Liu, M., & Pang, W. (2022) · Journal of Intelligence · doi:10.3390/jintelligence10040075 · Cited by 10
Roles, relationships and emotions: Student teachers’ understanding of feedback as interpersonal
Elbra-Ramsay, C. (2021) · Research in Education · doi:10.1177/0034523721989370 · Cited by 10
La politique québécoise d’évaluation des apprentissages et les pratiques évaluatives
Laurier, M. D. (2014) · Éducation et francophonie · doi:10.7202/1027404ar · Cited by 9
Investigating Teacher Written Corrective Feedback as a Formative Assessment Tool
Said, K., & MOUZRATI, A. E. (2018) · Arab World English Journal · doi:10.24093/awej/vol9no4.17 · Cited by 9
Leveraging the Force of Formative Assessment & Feedback for Effective Engineering EducationPreprint
Qadir, J., Taha, A. M., Yau, K. A., Ponciano, J. P., Hussain, S., Al‐Fuqaha, A., & Imran, M. A. (2020) · doi:10.35542/osf.io/a4d5q · Cited by 8
Carter, S., Bennett, S. J., Hawkins, J., & Southam, D. C. (2025) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2025.2567538 · Cited by 7
Embedding Formative Assessment in Classroom Practice
James, M. (2017) · Education in the Asia-Pacific region · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-3654-5_31 · Cited by 9
The influence of school size, leadership, evaluation, and time on student outcomes
Hendriks, M. A. (2014) · doi:10.3990/1.9789036538008 · Cited by 7
A avaliação formativa do desempenho do ensino
Wiliam, D. (2019) · Linhas Críticas · doi:10.26512/lc.v25.2019.24275 · Cited by 6
Effectiveness of Formative E-assessment Procedure
Wong, S. F., Mahmud, M. M., & Wong, S. S. (2020) · International Conference on Communications and Broadband Networking (ICCBN) · doi:10.1145/3390525.3390526 · Cited by 6
Guo, Y. B., Zhao, H. C., Wang, K., & Li, M. (2020) · International Conference on Computer Science & Education (ICCSE) · doi:10.1109/iccse49874.2020.9201837 · Cited by 6
Why Assessment Which Carries No Grades and Marks is the Key for the Future of Education?
Ibrahim, M. S., Yusof, M. S. B., & Rahim, A. F. A. (2021) · Education in Medicine Journal · doi:10.21315/eimj2021.13.2.8 · Cited by 6
A compliance assessment of midpoint formative assessments completed by APPE preceptors
Bonner, C. L., Staton, A. G., Naro, P. B., McCullough, E. S., Stevenson, T. L., Williamson, M. A., Sheffield, M. C., Miller, M. S., Fetterman, J. W., Fan, S. X., et al. (2017) · Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning · doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2017.09.010 · Cited by 6
Using a Measurement Paradigm to Guide Classroom Assessment Processes
Heldsinger, S. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-1727-5_12 · Cited by 6
Formative and Summative Evaluation in the Assessment of Adult Learning
Martin, J. B., & Collins, R. A. (2011) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-61520-745-9.ch008 · Cited by 6
Measures, Metrics, and Indicators for Evaluating Technology-Based Interventions
Baker, E. L., & O’Neil, H. F. (2023) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2023.2175159 · Cited by 5
Allison, S. M., Mueller, C. M., & Lackey‐Cornelison, W. (2023) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1250139 · Cited by 5
Hellem, V., & Lorås, M. (2020) · IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON) · doi:10.1109/educon45650.2020.9125198 · Cited by 5
Formative Assessment in the English Language Classroom: A Review of Diversity and Complexities
Kaur, K. (2023) · The English Teacher · doi:10.52696/gljp9840 · Cited by 4
Leveraging the Force of Formative Assessment and Feedback for Effective Engineering Education
Qadir, J., Taha, A. M., Yau, K. A., Ponciano, J. P., Hussain, S., Al‐Fuqaha, A., & Imran, M. A. (2020) · ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition · doi:10.18260/1-2--34923 · Cited by 4
Flores, J. G., & Jiménez, E. G. (2014) · Revista Española de Pedagogía · doi:10.22550/2174-0909.2611 · Cited by 4
Assessment, evaluation, and accountability: a brief introduction
Lipnevich, A. A., Khorramdel, L., & Smith, J. K. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818630-5.09004-7 · Cited by 4
Optimizing EFL Learners’ Outcomes in Formative Assessment through Educational Technology Integration
Chraa, A., & Alidrissi, M. (2025) · International Journal of Language and Literary Studies · doi:10.36892/ijlls.v7i3.2141 · Cited by 3
Shin, J. C., Morozumi, A., Ho, S. S.-H., Chen, R. J.-C., Wang, S., Cheng, I. H.-H., Kim, S. J., & Yang, Y. (2025) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2025.2544236 · Cited by 3
Formative Assessment and Assessment for Learning
Smith, J. K., Berg, D. A. G., & Lipnevich, A. A. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199841332.013.27 · Cited by 3
Blended Assessment in Higher Education Collaborative Case Study Work – A Qualitative Study
Jantos, A., & Langesee, L.-M. (2023) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-26876-2_5 · Cited by 3
Dammerer, J., Wiesner, C., & Windl, E. (2023) · doi:10.53349/oa.2022.a2.160 · Cited by 6
Kahraman, N., Akbaş, D., & Boz, E. S. (2019) · Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17240/aibuefd.2019.19.43815-459831 · Cited by 3
The creation and application of a question bank for an Introductory Logic module
Bakó, M., & Aszalós, L. (2019) · Acta Didactica Napocensia · doi:10.24193/adn.12.2.6 · Cited by 3
Edwards, S. (2022) · Acta Educationis Generalis · doi:10.2478/atd-2022-0023 · Cited by 4
Mena, E. G. (2024) · Revista Palobra palabra que obra · doi:10.32997/2346-2884-vol.24-num.1-2024-4835 · Cited by 3
Korea, M. D. (2019) · International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences · doi:10.32591/coas.e-conf.04.01001d · Cited by 3
KİŞİN, M., & İlhan, N. (2022) · İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17679/inuefd.1074979 · Cited by 3
Jett, P. M. (2009) · ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository (University of Louisville) · doi:10.18297/etd/684 · Cited by 4
Purposes of Evaluation of University Instructors: Definitions, Delineations and Dimensions
Glasman, N. S., & Gmelch, W. H. (1976) · Canadian Journal of Higher Education · doi:10.47678/cjhe.v6i2.182661 · Cited by 3
4th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences: Conference Proceedings
(Eds.), T. V. P. &. V. S. C. (2019) · doi:10.32591/coas.e-conf.04 · Cited by 3
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT AS DEVELOPMENT IN PROCESS TOOL
Бецько, О., Efimova, O. M., Жицька, С., & Zhuravel, V. V. (2023) · Innovate Pedagogy · doi:10.32782/2663-6085/2023/57.1.9 · Cited by 2
Mašát, M., & Sladová, J. (2019) · International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences · doi:10.32591/coas.e-conf.04.03033m · Cited by 2
Teacher expectations of multilingual students’ achievement
Backer, F. D., Vantieghem, W., Gorp, K. V., Slembrouck, S., & Avermaet, P. V. (2021) · Journal of Multilingual Theories and Practices · doi:10.1558/jmtp.19513 · Cited by 2
Pang, Y. (2022) · Journal of Sensors · doi:10.1155/2022/1692080 · Cited by 2
Seven Ways of Constructing Knowledge through Cooperative Learning
Arató, F. (2023) · Autonomy and Responsibility Journal of Educational Sciences · doi:10.15170/ar.2023.8.1.2 · Cited by 2
Alternative Assessment and Its Impact in the Classroom of English at Elementary School
Yudha, N. M., Munir, A., Lestari, L. A., & Anam, S. (2022) · IDEAS Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning Linguistics and Literature · doi:10.24256/ideas.v10i2.3309 · Cited by 2
Comparison of Live versus Video-Recorded Case Studies on Students’ Levels of Ethical Self-Efficacy
Vincenzes, K. A., Pechek, A. A., Forziat‐Pytel, K., & Sprong, M. E. (2023) · Journal of Creativity in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/15401383.2023.2246873 · Cited by 2
Os desafios da avaliação e os Portefólios
Guedes, A. F., Antunes, S., Santos, P., Oliveira, I., & Escola, J. J. J. (2021) · Revista Practicum · doi:10.24310/revpracticumrep.v6i1.10160 · Cited by 2
Danysko, O. V. (2022) · ТHE SOURCES OF PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS · doi:10.33989/2075-146x.2022.29.264274 · Cited by 2
Assessment and Meta-Assessment
Bîrnaz, N., & Botezatu, V. (2019) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-7853-6.ch014 · Cited by 2
Utilizing Internet Resources in TESOL
Hewagodage, V. (2019) · Advances in higher education and professional development book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-0426-0.ch004 · Cited by 2
Counseling psychology: Types, objectives and the role of counseling psychologist
Georgoulas, N. (2019) · International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences · doi:10.32591/coas.e-conf.04.09103g · Cited by 2
Chng, E., & Schneider, B. (2026) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2026.105743 · Cited by 1
The structure of the epistemological development in teaching learning questionnaire
Golino, H. F., Hamer, R., Almers, E., Kjellström, S., & Hui, S. K. F. (2019) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2019.1655211 · Cited by 1
Impact of Formative Assessment on Students’ English Writing Skills at Elementary Level
Yasmin, T., Qadri, M. A., & Pasha, S. (2021) · Review of Education Administration and Law · doi:10.47067/real.v4i2.162 · Cited by 2
Hierarchical Clustering in Profiling University Students for Online Teaching and Learning
Akhanlı, S. E., KOÇOĞLU, F., Doğu, E., & Adnan, M. (2024) · Advances in analytics for learning and teaching · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-56365-2_12 · Cited by 1
Hoekstra, B. E., Feliciano, C. S., Nascimento, R. T., & Bóllela, V. R. (2024) · The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2024.103849 · Cited by 1
Evaluación formativa en secundaria: avances y desafíos 2025
Díaz, W. S. V. (2025) · Revista Tribunal · doi:10.59659/revistatribunal.v5i12.225 · Cited by 1
Morleo, F., Vitanza, A., & Anselmi, P. (2026) · Educational Assessment Evaluation and Accountability · doi:10.1007/s11092-025-09475-8 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Bloom, B. S.
- Corresponding author
- Bloom, Benjamin S.
- Venue
- Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1969-08
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 26-50
- ISSN
- 0040-0475 (ISSN-L)
- 0161-4681
- 1467-9620
- OpenAlex
- W4210255027
- Cited by
- 173
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 6.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Teachers College Record The Voice of Scholarship in Education (publishedVersion)
- Teachers College Record The Voice of Scholarship in Education
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Educational Assessment and Pedagogy
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Education › Student Assessment and Feedback
- Keywords
- educational assessment, evaluation theory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review