Cited by 279Animal Genetics and ReproductionImmunotoxicology and immune responsesAnimal testing and alternatives

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Immunological Variation Between Inbred Laboratory Mouse Strains: Points to Consider in Phenotyping Genetically Immunomodified Mice

Sellers, R. S., Clifford, C. B., Treuting, P. M., Brayton, C.·2012·Veterinary Pathology

DOI 10.1177/0300985811429314

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Abstract

Inbred laboratory mouse strains are highly divergent in their immune response patterns as a result of genetic mutations and polymorphisms. The generation of genetically engineered mice (GEM) has, in the past, used embryonic stem (ES) cells for gene targeting from various 129 substrains followed by backcrossing into more fecund mouse strains. Although common inbred mice are considered "immune competent," many have variations in their immune system-some of which have been described-that may affect the phenotype. Recognition of these immune variations among commonly used inbred mouse strains is essential for the accurate interpretation of expected phenotypes or those that may arise unexpectedly. In GEM developed to study specific components of the immune system, accurate evaluation of immune responses must take into consideration not only the gene of interest but also how the background strain and microbial milieu contribute to the manifestation of findings in these mice. This article discusses points to consider regarding immunological differences between the common inbred laboratory mouse strains, particularly in their use as background strains in GEM.

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See all 279

Authors: Sellers, R. S., Clifford, C. B., Treuting, P. M., & Brayton, C.
Affiliations: Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
Charles River Laboratories (United States) (US)
University of Washington (US)
Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author: Sellers, R. S.
ORCID: Sellers, R. S.
Treuting, P. M.
Brayton, C.
Venue: Veterinary Pathology
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2011-11-30
Volume: 49
Issue: 1
Pages: 32-43
ISSN: 0300-9858 (ISSN-L)
1544-2217
DOI: 10.1177/0300985811429314
OpenAlex: W2168284316
Cited by: 278
References: 185
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 2.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Veterinary Pathology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Animal Genetics and Reproduction
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotoxicology and immune responses
Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal testing and alternatives
Keywords: inbred mouse strains, genetic background, genetically modified mice, immune response, genetic polymorphism, mouse strain differences
MeSH terms: Animals, Female, Genetic Engineering, Humans, Male, Mice, Inbred Strains, Mice, Transgenic, Mutation, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Genetic, Models, Animal, Mice

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Immunological Variation Between Inbred Laboratory Mouse Strains: Points to Consider in Phenotyping Genetically Immunomodified Mice

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