The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Normal Anterior Cruciate Ligament as a Model for Tensioning Strategies in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Grafts
Abstract
Background: There is some confusion about the relationship between the tension placed on the graft and the joint position used in the fixation of anterior cruciate ligament grafts. This is because of deficiency in accurate basic science about this important interaction in the normal and reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament. Hypothesis: If the normal femoral attachment of the anterior cruciate ligament can be preserved and the tibial insertion isolated and tested, an accurate force-flexion curve of the human anterior cruciate ligament can be mapped out and used as a standard for proper graft tensioning protocols in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: In 10 fresh-frozen human cadaveric knees, an isolated bone plug containing the tibial anterior cruciate ligament insertion was connected with a custom-made tensiometer. The knees were moved through the whole range of motion; the starting point chosen was an anterior cruciate ligament tension of 10 N, which was applied at 10 ° of knee flexion and resulted in a baseline curve. This curve was compared with the results recorded when the starting point was below the baseline curve, similar to, or above it. Results: The anterior cruciate ligament showed low tension close to slackness in midflexion after starting with 10 N at 10 ° of flexion. Starting points below the baseline curve shifted the whole curve downward; those above the baseline curve increased the force in the anterior cruciate ligament, resulting in a tight anterior cruciate ligament in midflexion. Clinical Relevance: The normal anterior cruciate ligament shows a physiological laxity in midflexion. This study gives guidelines for tensioning protocols in anterior cruciate ligament grafts to replicate the force-flexion curve characteristics of the normal anterior cruciate ligament.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Multiple cadaveric studies have been conducted to investigate the graft force during passive flexion–extension.”
Citations
Cites
Amis, A., & Dawkins, G. (1991) · The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.73b2.2005151 · Cited by 731
Functional anatomy of the anterior cruciate ligament and a rationale for reconstruction.
Odensten, M., & Gillquist, J. (1985) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-198567020-00012 · Cited by 615
Markolf, K. L., Gorek, J. F., Kabo, J. M., & Shapiro, M. S. (1990) · The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-199072040-00014 · Cited by 610 · cited 1×
“Markolf et al developed a method of isolating the tibial attachment of the normal ACL in cadavers and used it to record the tension curve in the ACL from 0° to 90° of knee flexion.(15) This technique was later modified to measure both the ACL and PCL tension through a full range of motion.”
MethodAmiel, D., Kleiner, J. B., Roux, R., Harwood, F. L., & Akeson, W. H. (1986) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.1100040204 · Cited by 519
Factors affecting the region of most isometric femoral attachments
Hefzy, M. S., Grood, E. S., & Noyes, F. R. (1989) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/036354658901700210 · Cited by 448
Anterior cruciate ligament graft positioning, tensioning and twisting
Amis, A. A., & Jakob, R. P. (1998) · Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy · doi:10.1007/s001670050215 · Cited by 390
Direct in vitro measurement of forces in the cruciate ligaments. Part I
Wascher, D. C., Markolf, K. L., Shapiro, M. S., & Finerman, G. A. M. (1993) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-199303000-00009 · Cited by 200
Fuss, F. K. (1989) · American Journal of Anatomy · doi:10.1002/aja.1001840208 · Cited by 166
Müller, W. E. G. (1982) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-06475-7 · Cited by 128
Das Knie : Form, Funktion und ligamentäre Wiederherstellungschirurgie
Müller, W. E. G., & Muspach, R. (1982) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 126
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Mommersteeg TJ, 1995, J Anat, 187, 461
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mae, T., Shino, K., Nakata, K., Toritsuka, Y., Otsubo, H., & Fujie, H. (2008) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/0363546508317412 · Cited by 77
Xiao, Y., Ling, M., Liang, Z., Ding, J., Zhan, S., Hu, H., & Chen, B. (2021) · International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11548-021-02307-2 · Cited by 14
“These studies used the force–flexion curve as an indicator to evaluate different ACL reconstruction techniques [29, 30].”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Arnold, M. P., Verdonschot, N., & van Kampen, A.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Orthopaedic Department, University Hospital Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author
- Arnold, Markus P.
- Venue
- The American Journal of Sports Medicine
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2005-02
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 277-283
- ISSN
- 0363-5465 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-3365
- OpenAlex
- W2084662862
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The American Journal of Sports Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Foot and Ankle Surgery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Tendon Structure and Treatment
- Keywords
- anterior cruciate ligament, graft tensioning, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, tibial insertion, knee flexion, cadaveric knee, graft fixation
- MeSH terms
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomechanical Phenomena, Humans, Knee Injuries, Middle Aged, Rupture, Range of Motion, Articular, Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Plastic Surgery Procedures
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
