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Hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of metal values from spent lithium-ion batteries in citric acid media
Abstract
In this paper, a hydrometallurgical process has been proposed to recover valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries in citric acid media. Leaching efficiencies as high as 97%, 95%, 94%, and 99% of Ni, Co, Mn, and Li were achieved under the optimal leaching experimental conditions of citric acid concentration of 2 mol L−1, leaching temperature of 80 °C, leaching time of 90 min, liquid–solid ratio of 30 ml g−1, and 2 vol. % H 2 O 2. For the metals recovery process, nickel and cobalt were selectively precipitated by dimethylglyoxime reagent and ammonium oxalate sequentially. Then manganese was extracted by Na-D2EHPA and the manganese-loaded D2EHPA was stripped with sulfuric acid. The manganese was recovered as MnSO 4 in aqueous phase and D2EHPA could be reused after saponification. Finally, lithium was precipitated by 0.5 mol L−1 sodium phosphate. Under their optimal conditions, the recovery percentages of Ni, Co, Mn, and Li can reach 98%, 97%, 98%, and 89%, respectively. This is a relatively simple route in which all metal values could be effectively leached and recovered in citric acid media.
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Cites
Mishra, D., Kim, D.-J., Ralph, D. E., Ahn, J.-G., & Rhee, Y.-H. (2008) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2007.01.010 · Cited by 413
Cited by
Toward sustainable and systematic recycling of spent rechargeable batteries
Zhang, X., Li, L., Fan, E., Xue, Q., Bian, Y., Wu, F., & Chen, R. (2018) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c8cs00297e · Cited by 1,038
A novel method for screening deep eutectic solvent to recycle the cathode of Li-ion batteries
Wang, S., Zhang, Z., Lu, Z., & Xu, Z. (2020) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d0gc00701c · Cited by 365
Mao, J., Ye, C., Zhang, S., Xie, F., Zeng, R., Davey, K., Guo, Z., & Qiao, S. (2022) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/d2ee00162d · Cited by 365
Martins, L. S., Guimarães, L. F., Botelho Junior, A. B., Tenório, J. A. S., & Espinosa, D. C. R. (2021) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113091 · Cited by 361
Gerold, E., Schinnerl, C., & Antrekowitsch, H. (2022) · Recycling · doi:10.3390/recycling7010004 · Cited by 89
Metadata
- Authors
- Chen, X., & Zhou, T.
- Venue
- Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-11
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1083-1093
- ISSN
- 0734-242X (ISSN-L)
- 1096-3669
- OpenAlex
- W2321093002
- Cited by
- 209
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 7.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Chen, X., & Zhou, T. (2014). Hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of metal values from spent lithium-ion batteries in citric acid media. Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242x14557380
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
