The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Perspective Transformation
Abstract
A cardinal dimension of adult development and the learning most uniquely adult pertains to becoming aware that one is caught in one's own history and is reliving it. This leads to a process of perspective transforma tion involving a structural change in the way we see ourselves and our rela tionships. If the culture permits, we move toward perspectives which are more inclusive, discriminating and integrative of experience. We move away from uncritical, organic relationships toward contractual relation ships with others, institutions and society. Perspective transformation refor mulates the criteria for valuing and for taking action. Behavior change is often a function of such transformation. In this emerging transformation theory, adult education finds its own inherent goals and functions.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Transformative learning theory explores the way in which critical reflection can be used to challenge the learner's beliefs and assumptions (Mezirow 1978(Mezirow , 1990(Mezirow , 1995) )”
From Adult learning theories: Implications for learning and teaching in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 83 (2013) · cites this paper as Mezirow 1978
In the citing paper
“Perspective transformation theory (Mezirow 1978) is most appropriate for acquiring these competencies.”
From Adult learning theories: Implications for learning and teaching in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 83 (2013) · cites this paper as Mezirow 1978
Citations
Cites
Still being checked.
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Bruner, Jerome S., 1973, The Relevance of Education
- Camus, Albert., 1955, The Myth of Sysyphus
- Freire, Paulo., 1970, Pedagogy of the Oppressed
- Laing, R.D., 1969, Knots
- Singer, Irwin, 1965, Review of Existential Psychology and Psychiatry, 5, 140
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 1,001
Kwon, C., Han, S., & Nicolaides, A. (2021) · Journal of Transformative Education · doi:10.1177/15413446211045175 · Cited by 15
Raza, K., & Coombe, C. (2020) · Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies · doi:10.29333/ejecs/538 · Cited by 14
Calderwood, K. A., & Rizzo, L. N. (2022) · Journal of Transformative Education · doi:10.1177/15413446221079590 · Cited by 14
Transformational learning and identity shift: Evidence from a campus behind bars
Lerman, A. E., & Sadin, M. (2022) · Punishment & Society · doi:10.1177/14624745221087702 · Cited by 14
Understanding transformative learning through metatheory
Hoggan, C., & Higgins, K. (2023) · New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education · doi:10.1002/ace.20475 · Cited by 14
REKONSTRUKSI ANDRAGOGI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN TRANSFORMATIF MEZIROW
Nawawi, A., Muhammad, F., & Kusaeri, K. (2024) · Muslim Heritage · doi:10.21154/muslimheritage.v9i1.7994 · Cited by 14
Transformative Learning Theory in Gerontology: Nontraditional Students
Brown, P. P., & Brown, C. S. (2014) · Educational Gerontology · doi:10.1080/03601277.2014.950492 · Cited by 14
Mapping Theories of Transformative Learning
Casebeer, D., & Mann, J. (2017) · Cartographica The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization · doi:10.3138/cart.52.3.3956 · Cited by 14
Joslyn, C. H., & Hynes, M. M. (2022) · European Journal of Engineering Education · doi:10.1080/03043797.2022.2031894 · Cited by 14
Acquiring, Applying and Retaining Knowledge Through Debriefing for Meaningful Learning
Loomis, A., Dreifuerst, K. T., & Bradley, C. S. (2022) · Clinical Simulation in Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ecns.2022.04.002 · Cited by 21
Teaching Transformative Service Learning
Schank, C., & Halberstadt, J. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-11578-3_1 · Cited by 15
Adult‐Learning Principles, Technology and Elementary Teachers and their Students: the perfect blend?
Kitchenham, A. D. (2005) · Education Communication and Information · doi:10.1080/14636310500350802 · Cited by 14
Images of Leadership Development From the Inside Out
Cairns-Lee, H. (2015) · Advances in Developing Human Resources · doi:10.1177/1523422315587897 · Cited by 14
Maijala, M. (2021) · Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching · doi:10.1080/17501229.2021.1919683 · Cited by 14
Transgressive vs conformative: immigrant women learning at contingent work
Maitra, S., & Shan, H. (2007) · Journal of Workplace Learning · doi:10.1108/13665620710757842 · Cited by 14
Becoming a language teacher: Exploring the transformative potential of blogs
Arshavskaya, E. (2017) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2017.08.006 · Cited by 14
From RN to BSN: Seeing Familiar Situations in Different Ways
Callin, M. (1996) · The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing · doi:10.3928/0022-0124-19960101-07 · Cited by 14
Distance Education: On Focus and Future
Gibson, C. C. (1992) · Adult Education Quarterly · doi:10.1177/074171369204200305 · Cited by 14
Travel, transformation, and enlightenment in film: a critical review
Harrill, R., Cárdenas, D. A., & Dioko, L. A. N. (2021) · Current Issues in Tourism · doi:10.1080/13683500.2021.1980504 · Cited by 13
Esmail, S., & Matthews-Roper, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2022.836988 · Cited by 13
Trauma-informed environmental education: Helping students feel safe and connected in nature
Evans, N. M. (2023) · The Journal of Environmental Education · doi:10.1080/00958964.2022.2163220 · Cited by 14
Funa, A. A., Gabay, R. A. E., Esdicul, K. L., & Prudente, M. S. (2023) · Dalat University Journal of Science · doi:10.37569/dalatuniversity.13.3.1108(2023 · Cited by 13
Saliba, R. (2024) · Social Sciences & Humanities Open · doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.100823 · Cited by 15
Schafer, E. S. (2024) · OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.21926/obm.icm.2402030 · Cited by 17
Brooks, R. E., & Brooks, A. K. (2024) · Journal of Transformative Education · doi:10.1177/15413446241255909 · Cited by 13
The Avatarm: Interacting in the Physical Metaverse via Robotics, Diminished Reality, and Haptics
Brogi, B., Cortigiani, G., Villani, A., D’Aurizio, N., Prattichizzo, D., & Baldi, T. L. (2024) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2024.3420717 · Cited by 15
Introducing students to patient safety through an online interprofessional course
Blue, A. V. (2010) · Advances in Medical Education and Practice · doi:10.2147/amep.s13350 · Cited by 13
Transformative Learning and Ministry Formation
Emslie, N. J. (2016) · Journal of Adult Theological Education · doi:10.1080/17407141.2016.1158497 · Cited by 13
Groothuizen, J. E., Callwood, A. J., & Allan, H. T. (2019) · Nursing Inquiry · doi:10.1111/nin.12307 · Cited by 13
Designing transformative learning experiences for managerial transition to integrative CSR
Menon, K. (2021) · Business Horizons · doi:10.1016/j.bushor.2021.07.005 · Cited by 13
Ricci, K., McLauchlin, B., & Hua, J. (2023) · Journal of Microbiology and Biology Education · doi:10.1128/jmbe.00162-22 · Cited by 13
Mitcham, M. D. (2014) · American Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.5014/ajot.2014.686001 · Cited by 13
Lyons, J. L. (2010) · World Futures · doi:10.1080/02604021003680511 · Cited by 13
Zhang, J., & Dempsey, P. (2018) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2018.1520194 · Cited by 13
“This Is a Head, Hearts, and Hands Enterprise”: Adult Learning in Interfaith Dialogue
Pope, E. M. (2019) · Adult Education Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0741713619888632 · Cited by 13
How Time Brings Together “I” and “We”: A Theory of Identification Through Memory
Ekmekci, O., & Casey, A. J. (2009) · Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management · doi:10.21818/001c.17320 · Cited by 13
Grīnfelde, I., & Veliverronena, L. (2021) · Journal of Heritage Tourism · doi:10.1080/1743873x.2020.1867560 · Cited by 13
Bullen, J., & Roberts, L. D. (2018) · Higher Education Research & Development · doi:10.1080/07294360.2018.1549538 · Cited by 13
Language teachers’ identity development post COVID-19: a transformative learning perspective
Alosaimi, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2023.1275297 · Cited by 16
Customer transformation in services: conceptualization and research agenda
Robledo, M. A. (2024) · Journal of Service Theory and Practice · doi:10.1108/jstp-01-2023-0012 · Cited by 12
Hands-on sustainability: designing an engaging undergraduate sustainable business course
Abdou, Y. A., & Ammar, N. (2024) · International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education · doi:10.1108/ijshe-07-2023-0300 · Cited by 12
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Education and the Influence of Industry 4.0
Onu, P., Ikumapayi, O. M., Ọmọle, E. Ọ., Amoyedo, F. E., Ajewole, K. P., Jacob, A. S., Akiyode, O. O., & Mbohwa, C. (2024) · International Conference on Science, Engineering and Business for Driving Sustainable Development Goals (SEB4SDG) · doi:10.1109/seb4sdg60871.2024.10630198 · Cited by 12
Enhancing competency development through managerial coaching: self-efficacy as the driving mechanism
Mohamad, N. I., Rahman, I. B. A., Ibrahim, N., Hasan, H., & Mahadi, M. H. (2025) · Cogent Business & Management · doi:10.1080/23311975.2025.2477284 · Cited by 12
Transformative Learning in the Workplace
Cranton, P. A., & Carusetta, E. (2012) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-2181-7.ch002 · Cited by 12
Are Students and Faculty Ready for Transformative Learning?
Halupa, C. M. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17727-4_70-1 · Cited by 12
Grace, K., & Eng, S. (2019) · International Journal of Early Childhood · doi:10.1007/s13158-019-00234-7 · Cited by 14
Hua-ping, L., & Costa, C. (2020) · Compare A Journal of Comparative and International Education · doi:10.1080/03057925.2020.1852915 · Cited by 12
The Many Turns of Transformation Creating New Vocabularies for Transformative Learning
Nicolaides, A., & Eschenbacher, S. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-84694-7_1 · Cited by 12
An SVD-based screen-shooting resilient watermarking scheme
Deng, B., Li, S., & Qian, Z. (2022) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-022-12738-x · Cited by 12
A many‐splendored thing? Transformative learning for social justice
Finnegan, F. (2023) · New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education · doi:10.1002/ace.20483 · Cited by 12
Palma, L. C., & Pedrozo, E. Á. (2016) · Brazilian Journal of Science and Technology · doi:10.1186/s40552-016-0018-3 · Cited by 12
On Becoming a Bilingual Teacher: A Transformative Process for Preservice and Novice Teachers
Osterling, J. P., & Webb, W. L. (2009) · Journal of Transformative Education · doi:10.1177/1541344610386470 · Cited by 12
Rocks, E., & Lavender, P. (2018) · Education + Training · doi:10.1108/et-02-2018-0047 · Cited by 12
Slettli, V. K. (2019) · Journal of Entrepreneurship Management and Innovation · doi:10.7341/20191543 · Cited by 12
BecomingThouas transformation in interfaith dialogue
Pope, E. M., & Nicolaides, A. (2021) · International Journal of Lifelong Education · doi:10.1080/02601370.2021.1882596 · Cited by 12
Callwood, A. J., Groothuizen, J. E., & Allan, H. T. (2018) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.13941 · Cited by 12
Studying adult learning through the history of knowledge
Ekpenyong, L. E. (1990) · International Journal of Lifelong Education · doi:10.1080/0260137900090302 · Cited by 12
Etiology of Maternal-Student Role Stress
Gigliotti, E. (2004) · Nursing Science Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0894318404263304 · Cited by 12
Clinical leadership as an integral curriculum thread in pre-registration nursing programmes
Brown, A., Dewing, J., & Crookes, P. A. (2015) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2015.11.024 · Cited by 12
Increments of Transformation From Midnight to Daylight
Arroyo, A. T., Kidd, A. R., Burns, S. M., Cruz, I. J., & Lawrence-Lamb, J. E. (2015) · Journal of Transformative Education · doi:10.1177/1541344615587112 · Cited by 12
The changing nature of enterprise: Addressing the challenge of Vesper and Gartner
Jones, C. P. A., Penaluna, K., Penaluna, A., & Matlay, H. Z. (2018) · Industry and Higher Education · doi:10.1177/0950422218804075 · Cited by 12
Hess, A. N. (2019) · Evidence Based Library and Information Practice · doi:10.18438/eblip29256 · Cited by 12
Perspective Transformation: The Challenge for the RN in the Baccalaureate Program
Duff, V. (1989) · Journal of Nursing Education · doi:10.3928/0148-4834-19890101-10 · Cited by 12
Acheson, K., & Dirkx, J. M. (2021) · Journal of Transformative Education · doi:10.1177/15413446211045158 · Cited by 12
Stories of hope, imagination, and transformative learning: A dialogue
Butterwick, S. J., & Lawrence, R. L. (2023) · New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education · doi:10.1002/ace.20478 · Cited by 16
Lernen im Lebenslauf als transformatives Lernen
Fuhr, T. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-19953-1_5 · Cited by 11
Thunborg, C., & Bron, A. (2018) · Studies in the Education of Adults · doi:10.1080/02660830.2018.1523102 · Cited by 11
Reframing teacher education in England: the case for a Bildung orientated approach
Byrne, J. (2020) · Educational Review · doi:10.1080/00131911.2020.1725450 · Cited by 11
Situated Learning – Foreign Sites as Learning Contexts
Chang, B. (2021) · Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education · doi:10.32674/jcihe.v13i2.2615 · Cited by 11
Black and Blue Butterflies: The Transformative Journeys of Mothers Who Lost a Child to Suicide
Whalen, G. C., & Tisdell, E. J. (2022) · Journal of Transformative Education · doi:10.1177/15413446221085463 · Cited by 11
When I say… transformative learning
Vipler, B. S., & Sawatsky, A. P. (2023) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.15189 · Cited by 11
Glisczinski, D. J. (2011) · International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning · doi:10.20429/ijsotl.2011.050124 · Cited by 11
Humanities Professors on the Margins
Groen, J., & Hyland‐Russell, T. (2010) · Journal of Transformative Education · doi:10.1177/1541344611423401 · Cited by 11
The Effects of Social Identities on Student Learning Outcome Attainment
Iseminger, S. I., Acheson, K., Kelly, C., & Morris, P. V. (2020) · International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning · doi:10.20429/ijsotl.2020.140112 · Cited by 11
Tien, D. T. K., Namasivayam, S., & Ponniah, L. S. (2020) · SN Applied Sciences · doi:10.1007/s42452-020-3158-5 · Cited by 11
Cho, H., & Johnson, P. E. (2020) · Reflective Practice · doi:10.1080/14623943.2020.1821625 · Cited by 11
Remediation Through Transformation: Applying Educational Theory to the Struggling Resident
Vipler, B. S., McCall‐Hosenfeld, J. S., & Haidet, P. (2020) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06036-1 · Cited by 11
Hess, A. N. (2020) · Communications in Information Literacy · doi:10.15760/comminfolit.2020.14.2.1 · Cited by 11
The Reflection, Feedback, and Restructuring Model for Role Development in Nursing Education
Schuler, M. (2021) · Nursing Science Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0894318420987165 · Cited by 11
Threshold Concepts and Troublesome Knowledge
Meek, S. E. M., Neve, H. A., & Wearn, A. M. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-3344-0_25 · Cited by 11
Spiraling into Transformative Learning
Cranton, P. A. (2010) · International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and Technology · doi:10.4018/javet.2010100901 · Cited by 11
Dixon, J. (1996) · Journal of Management Development · doi:10.1108/02621719610122811 · Cited by 11
Ressler, J. D., & Richards, K. A. R. (2017) · Sport Education and Society · doi:10.1080/13573322.2017.1409705 · Cited by 11
The Current State of Transformative Learning Theory: A Metatheory
Hoggan, C. (2018) · Phronesis · doi:10.7202/1054405ar · Cited by 11
Noncognitive factors in high-road/low-road learning: I. Modes of abstraction in adulthood
Pascual‐Leone, J., & Irwin, R. R. (1994) · Journal of Adult Development · doi:10.1007/bf02259674 · Cited by 11
Landry, J., & von Lieres, B. (2022) · Journal of Transformative Education · doi:10.1177/15413446221103191 · Cited by 10
Wilkinson, T. J., Coles, T., & Petersen, C. (2022) · Tourism Geographies · doi:10.1080/14616688.2022.2158216 · Cited by 10
Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic
Boffo, V., Boffo, V., & Egetenmeyer, R. (2023) · Studies on adult learning and education/Studies on Adult Learning and Education · doi:10.36253/979-12-215-0151-3 · Cited by 10
van den Berg, K., & Schmidt-Wulffen, S. (2023) · Hochschulbildung: Lehre und Forschung · doi:10.14361/9783839463475-028 · Cited by 10
Personalized Learning in a Digital Environment
Surur, A. M., Ulfa, S. U., Soepriyanto, Y., & Mohamed, H. B. (2024) · Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research · doi:10.30762/ijomer.v2i1.2737 · Cited by 10
Liu, S., Dai, J., Huang, J., Wen, Z., Zhang, W., Shen, L., Jackson, R. J., Wang, X., Deakin, G., Xiao, J., et al. (2025) · The Crop Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cj.2025.08.009 · Cited by 10
Angell, C., & Taylor, A. M. (2012) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2012.10.013 · Cited by 10
Place and transformative learning in climate change focused community science
Groulx, M. W., Winegardner, A. K., Brisbois, M. C., Fishback, L., Linde, R., Levy, K., & Booth, A. L. (2021) · FACETS · doi:10.1139/facets-2021-0003 · Cited by 10
Sari, L. K., Thomas, V. M., Backer, F. D., & Lombaerts, K. (2022) · European Journal of Teacher Education · doi:10.1080/02619768.2022.2071257 · Cited by 10
Weakly Supervised High-Fidelity Clothing Model Generation
Feng, R., Cheng, M., Shen, C., Gao, X., Liu, Z., Li, X., Ou, K., Zha, Z.-J., & Zha, Z.-J. (2022) · IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.00343 · Cited by 10
Self-Directedness in the Service of Human Resources Management in Tourism and Hospitality
Viterouli, M., Belias, D., Koustelios, A. D., & Tsigilis, N. (2023) · Advances in hospitality, tourism and the services industry (AHTSI) book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-6055-9.ch002 · Cited by 10
Culturally Responsive Instructional Supervision: Further Analysis of a Leading Textbook
Cotman, A. M., Guerra, P. L., & Baker, A. M. (2023) · Journal of Educational Supervision · doi:10.31045/jes.6.1.4 · Cited by 10
da Silva, N. O., & Freire, F. D. S. (2023) · Revista Brasileira de Educação · doi:10.1590/s1413-24782023280080 · Cited by 10
Hua-ping, L., & Costa, C. (2023) · European Journal of Teacher Education · doi:10.1080/02619768.2023.2259082 · Cited by 10
Wright, R. R., Coryell, J. E., Martinez, M. G., Harmon, J. M., Henkin, R., & Keehn, S. (2010) · Journal of Transformative Education · doi:10.1177/1541344611406737 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Mezirow, J.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mezirow, Jack
- Venue
- Adult Education
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1978-01
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 100-110
- ISSN
- 0001-8481 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4238999211
- Cited by
- 1,463
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 90 · 2025: 142 · 2024: 109 · 2023: 119 · 2022: 144 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 115 · 2019: 110 · 2018: 76 · 2017: 53 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 24.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Adult Education (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Adult and Continuing Education Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Ego Development and Educational Practices
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- homography, adult development, adult learning, self-awareness, history and identity, relational change, behavior change, transformation theory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review