The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Self-Directed Learning: Toward a Comprehensive Model
Abstract
Self-directed learning is a core theoretical construct distinguishing adult education as a field of study. Most of the concept's emphasis has been on the external control and management of learning tasks. In an attempt to expand the scope of self-directed learning, this paper presents a comprehensive theoretical model. The proposed model integrates self-management (contextual control), self-monitoring (cognitive responsibility), and motivational (entering and task) dimensions to reflect a meaningful and worthwhile approach to self-directed learning. Explicating the cognitive and motivational dimensions of self-directed learning is identified as an area requiring further research.
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“There is more to consider here, particularly the dimensions of self-directed learning (Garrison 1997), which include motivation and self-regulation (Zimmerman 2002).”
From Adult learning theories: Implications for learning and teaching in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 83 (2013) · cites this paper as Garrison 1997
Citations
Cites
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Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Bandura, A., 1986, Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory
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- Brookfield, S. D., 1988, Self-directed learning: Application & theory, 1
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- King, P. M., 1994, Developing reflective judgement
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- Richardson, V., 1994, Teaching Thinking and Problem Solving, 16, 3
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Taylor, D. C. M., & Hamdy, H. (2013) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.3109/0142159x.2013.828153 · Cited by 1,176
Students’ perception and preference for online education in India during COVID -19 pandemic
Thiyaharajan, M., M, A. S., Aditya, K. S., & Jha, G. K. (2021) · Social Sciences & Humanities Open · doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100101 · Cited by 1,235
Learner readiness for online learning: Scale development and student perceptions
Hung, M.-L., Chou, C., Chen, C.-H., & Own, Z.-Y. (2010) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.05.004 · Cited by 1,066
A Conceptual Model for Understanding Self-Directed Learning in Online Environments.
Song, L., & Hill, J. R. (2007) · Cited by 475
Improving online social presence through asynchronous video
Borup, J., West, R. E., & Graham, C. R. (2012) · The Internet and Higher Education · doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.11.001 · Cited by 424
Metadata
- Authors
- Garrison, D. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Garrison, D. R.
- ORCID
- Garrison, D. R.
- Venue
- Adult Education Quarterly
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1997-11
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 18-33
- ISSN
- 0741-7136 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-3047
- OpenAlex
- W1970131054
- Cited by
- 1,578
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 125 · 2025: 133 · 2024: 111 · 2023: 130 · 2022: 130 · 2021: 128 · 2020: 80 · 2019: 84 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 76 · 2015: 60 · 2014: 71 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 60
- FWCI
- 25.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Adult Education Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Adult and Continuing Education Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Educational Leadership and Innovation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
- Keywords
- self-directed learning, self-management, self-monitoring, motivation, adult education, theoretical model, contextual control
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