The DOI matches its Crossref record; 100 of the 101 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Spirituality in Nursing and Health-Related Literature: A Concept Analysis
Abstract
Spirituality has become an increasingly popular concept among the nursing and health-related literature. The purpose for conducting this concept analysis, guided by Walker and Avant's methodology, was to (a) examine how spirituality has been used within the current body of nursing and health-related literature, (b) clarify the meaning of spirituality by discovering what this concept's current critical attributes/characteristics are, and (c) propose a definition of spirituality based on the concept analysis findings. A total of 90 references were reviewed, including 73 nursing and health-related references. Concept analysis findings revealed that spirituality was defined within four main themes in the nursing and health-related literature: (a) spirituality as religious systems of beliefs and values (spirituality = religion); (b) spirituality as life meaning, purpose, and connection with others; (c) spirituality as nonreligious systems of beliefs and values; and (d) spirituality as metaphysical or transcendental phenomena.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Despite the increasing use of the concept of spirituality among health researchers, there is no clear consensus about its definition (Chiu et al., 2004; Sessanna et al., 2007; Gall et al., 2011).”
From Defining spirituality in healthcare: a systematic review and conceptual framework. (2021) · cites this paper as Sessanna et al., 2007
Citations
Cites
(2019) · doi:10.1188/19.onf · Cited by 3,233
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
Rinehart, E. C., & Morris, W. (1970) · The Journal of Higher Education · doi:10.1080/00221546.1970.11773921 · Cited by 2,471
Hill, P. C., & Pargament, K. I. (2003) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.58.1.64 · Cited by 1,948
Religion and spirituality: Linkages to physical health.
Powell, L. H., Shahabi, L., & Thoresen, C. E. (2003) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.58.1.36 · Cited by 1,093
Spirituality and Health: What We Know, What We Need to Know
George, L. K., Larson, D. B., Koenig, H. G., & McCullough, M. E. (2000) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2000.19.1.102 · Cited by 702
Towards clarification of the meaning of spirituality.
Tanyi, R. (2002) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2002.02315.x · Cited by 674
A Values Framework for Measuring the Impact of Workplace Spirituality on Organizational Performance
Jurkiewicz, C. L., & Giacalone, R. A. (2004) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1023/b:busi.0000015843.22195.b9 · Cited by 661
Religious Involvement, Spirituality, and Medicine: Implications for Clinical Practice
Mueller, P. S., Plevak, D. J., & Rummans, T. A. (2001) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/76.12.1225 · Cited by 646
The “what”, “why” and “how” of spirituality in the workplace
Krishnakumar, S., & Neck, C. P. (2002) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/02683940210423060 · Cited by 640
Murray, S. A., Kendall, M., Boyd, K. J., Worth, A., & Benton, T. F. (2004) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1191/0269216304pm837oa · Cited by 470
Religion, Spirituality, and Medicine: Research Findings and Implications for Clinical Practice
Koenig, H. G. (2004) · Southern Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/01.smj.0000146489.21837.ce · Cited by 441
Nursing diagnoses: definitions and classification, 2015-2017
(2015) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.188207 · Cited by 426
An emerging paradigm for the investigation of spirituality in nursing
Reed, P. G. (1992) · Research in Nursing & Health · doi:10.1002/nur.4770150505 · Cited by 424
Physicians and Patient Spirituality: Professional Boundaries, Competency, and Ethics
Post, S. G., Puchalski, C. M., & Larson, D. B. (2000) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-132-7-200004040-00010 · Cited by 417
Holistic Nursing—A Handbook for Practice
(1998) · Journal of Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/s0099-1767(98)70080-7 · Cited by 365
Spiritual coping strategies: a review of the nursing research literature.
Baldacchino, D. R., & Draper, P. (2001) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01814.x · Cited by 345
Faith and health: psychological perspectives
(2002) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.39-4875 · Cited by 310
An integrative review of the concept of spirituality in the health sciences
Chiu, L., Emblen, J. D., Van Hofwegen, L., Sawatzky, R., & Meyerhoff, H. (2004) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/0193945904263411 · Cited by 269
Religion, Spirituality, and Medicine: Application to Clinical Practice
Koenig, H. G. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.284.13.1708-jms1004-5-1 · Cited by 246
Oxford English reference dictionary
Pearsall, J., & Trumble, B. (1995) · Oxford University Press eBooks · Cited by 240
Spirituality and Health for Women of Color
Musgrave, C. F., Allen, C. E., & Allen, G. J. (2002) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.92.4.557 · Cited by 233
The concept of spirituality in nursing theories: differing world‐views and extent of focus
Martsolf, D. S., & Mickley, J. R. (1998) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1998.00519.x · Cited by 224
Spirituality in Nursing: Standing on Holy Ground
(1999) · Journal of Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/s0099-1767(99)70237-0 · Cited by 219
Spiritual needs of dying patients: a qualitative study.
Hermann, C. P. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 211
Holistic nursing: a handbook for practice
(1989) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.26-3914 · Cited by 211
Faith and Health: Psychological Perspectives
Boehnlein, J. K. (2002) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-200211000-00018 · Cited by 207
Placing Religion and Spirituality in End-of-Life Care
Daaleman, T. P. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.284.19.2514 · Cited by 203
Random House Webster's college dictionary
(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-3657 · Cited by 203
Waugh), L. R. (1995) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/0020-7489(95)00007-k · Cited by 199
Religion and Spirituality in the Lives of People with Serious Mental Illness
Corrigan, P., Mccorkle, B. H., Schell, B., & Kidder, K. L. (2003) · Community mental health journal · doi:10.1023/b:comh.0000003010.44413.37 · Cited by 194
Guided Imagery within Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings: An Experimental Study
Butcher, H. K., & Parker, N. I. (1988) · Nursing Science Quarterly · doi:10.1177/089431848800100305 · Cited by 173
Spiritual Needs of Patients With Cancer and Family Caregivers
Taylor, E. J. (2003) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/00002820-200308000-00002 · Cited by 169
Ross, L. A. (1994) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1994.tb01105.x · Cited by 161
A critical analysis of nursing: meeting the spiritual needs of patients
Oldnall, A. (1996) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03145.x · Cited by 156
Encarta World English Dictionary
Soukhanov, A. H. (1999) · Cited by 143
Spiritual Expression and Immune Status in Women with Metastatic Breast Cancer: An Exploratory Study
Sephton, S. E., Koopman, C., Schaal, M., Thoresen, C., & Spiegel, D. (2001) · The Breast Journal · doi:10.1046/j.1524-4741.2001.20014.x · Cited by 142
Spirituality and life-threatening illness: a phenomenologic study.
Albaugh, J. (2003) · Oncology Nursing Forum · doi:10.1188/03.onf.593-598 · Cited by 141
Spiritual needs of patients: are they recognized?
Highfield, M. F., & Cason, C. L. (1983) · PubMed · Cited by 134
Religiosity/Spirituality and Pain in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease
Harrison, M. O., Edwards, C. L., Koenig, H. G., Bosworth, H. B., DeCastro, L. M., & Wood, M. E. (2005) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000158375.73779.50 · Cited by 133
Spiritual care in nursing: a systematic approach
Govier, I. (2000) · Nursing Standard · doi:10.7748/ns2000.01.14.17.32.c2744 · Cited by 133
Hope, spirituality, sense of coherence, and quality of life in patients with cancer
Post‐White, J. (1996) · Oncology nursing forum · Cited by 129
The Effects of Spirituality on Well-Being of People With Lung Cancer
Meraviglia, M. G. (2004) · Oncology nursing forum · doi:10.1188/04.onf.89-94 · Cited by 128
Random House Webster's unabridged dictionary
(2002) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.39-4296 · Cited by 128
Religion, religiosity and spirituality in the biopsychosocial model of health and ageing
Cohen, A. B., & Koenig, H. G. (2003) · Ageing International · doi:10.1007/s12126-002-1005-1 · Cited by 113
A review of spirituality as applied to nursing
Narayanasamy, A. (1999) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/s0020-7489(99)00007-3 · Cited by 102
Highfield, M. F., & Cason, C. L. (1983) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/00002820-198306000-00003 · Cited by 102
Nurses’ perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care
McSherry, W. (1998) · Nursing Standard · doi:10.7748/ns1998.10.13.4.36.c2537 · Cited by 100
Spirituality and People With Poetentially Fatal Diagnoses
Fryback, P. B., & Reinert, B. R. (1999) · Nursing Forum · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6198.1999.tb00231.x · Cited by 97
Nagai-Jacobson, M. G., & Burkhardt, M. A. (1989) · Holistic Nursing Practice · doi:10.1097/00004650-198905000-00006 · Cited by 97
SPIRITUAL ASPECTS OF LOSS AT THE TIME OF A PARTNER'S DEATH FROM AIDS
FOLKMAN, T. A. R. S. (1997) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/074811897201769 · Cited by 91
Thomas, J. E., & Retsas, A. (1999) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/s0020-7489(99)00012-7 · Cited by 89
Reed, P. G. (1991) · Applied Nursing Research · doi:10.1016/s0897-1897(05)80068-0 · Cited by 87
Spirituality: the emperor's new clothes?
Bash, A. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2702.2003.00838.x · Cited by 85
Predictors of oncology and hospice nurses' spiritual care perspectives and practices
Taylor, E. J., Highfield, M. F., & Amenta, M. O. (1999) · Applied Nursing Research · doi:10.1016/s0897-1897(99)80156-6 · Cited by 79
How elderly nursing home residents transcend losses of later life
Bickerstaff, K. A., Grasser, C. M., & McCabe, B. (2003) · Holistic Nursing Practice · doi:10.1097/00004650-200305000-00007 · Cited by 73
A kaleidoscope of understandings: spiritual nursing in a multi‐faith society
MacLaren, J. (2004) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.2929_1.x · Cited by 70
Professional, Ethical, and Legal Implications for Spiritual Care in Nursing
Wright, K. B. (1998) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01241.x · Cited by 68
The role of spirituality in psychosocial rehabilitation.
Longo, D. A., & Peterson, S. M. P. (2002) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.1037/h0095004 · Cited by 67
Towards a rhetoric of spirituality in mental health care
Nolan, P. W., & Crawford, P. (1997) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.1997026289.x · Cited by 66
Spirituality and the Treatment of the Dually Diagnosed:
McDowell, D. M., Galanter, M. S., Goldfarb, L., & Lifshutz, H. (1996) · Journal of Addictive Diseases · doi:10.1300/j069v15n02_05 · Cited by 63
Spiritual beliefs, world assumptions, and HIV risk behavior among heroin and cocaine users.
Avants, S. K., Marcotte, D., Arnold, R., & Margolin, A. (2003) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/0893-164x.17.2.159 · Cited by 61
Dossey, B. M., Keegan, L., Guzzetta, C. E., & Kolkmeier, L. (1996) · The Nurse Practitioner · doi:10.1097/00006205-199609000-00018 · Cited by 60
Cultural Considerations in End-of-Life Care
Mazanec, P. M., & Tyler, M. K. (2003) · AJN American Journal of Nursing · doi:10.1097/00000446-200303000-00019 · Cited by 59
Spirituality and sexual orientation: relationship to mental well‐being and functional health status
Coleman, C. L. (2003) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02743.x · Cited by 59
The American College Dictionary
(1948) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1948.02900020062048 · Cited by 58
Spirituality and Religion in Recovery From Mental Illness
(1999) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.50.7.979b · Cited by 57
Spirituality and Distress In Sheltered Battered Women
Humphreys, J. C. (2000) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/j.1547-5069.2000.00273.x · Cited by 52
How Are Religion and Spirituality Related to Health? A Study of Physicians’ Perspectives
Curlin, F. A., Roach, C. J., Gorawara‐Bhat, R., Lantos, J. D., & Chin, M. H. (2005) · Southern Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/01.smj.0000163299.94352.a8 · Cited by 51
Nolan, M. T., & Mock, V. (2004) · Journal of Professional Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.profnurs.2004.08.007 · Cited by 50
Religion, Spirituality, and the Practice of Medicine
Daaleman, T. P. (2004) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.17.5.370 · Cited by 48
Spirituality in Caregiving and Care Receiving
Theis, S. L., Biordi, D. L., Coeling, H., Nalepka, C. D., & Miller, B. H. (2003) · Holistic Nursing Practice · doi:10.1097/00004650-200301000-00010 · Cited by 46
Roget's II : the new thesaurus
Soukhanov, A. H. (1988) · Houghton Mifflin eBooks · Cited by 44
Spiritual Support for Families of Patients With Cancer: A Pilot Study of Nursing Staff Assessments
Kuuppelomäki, M. (2002) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/00002820-200206000-00007 · Cited by 43
Commonalities in Women's Spirituality and Women's Health
Lauver, D. (2000) · Advances in Nursing Science · doi:10.1097/00012272-200003000-00007 · Cited by 41
Spirituality and Religiosity in a Sample of African American Elders: A Life Story Approach
Wallace, K. A., & Bergeman, C. S. (2002) · Journal of Adult Development · doi:10.1023/a:1015789513985 · Cited by 39
Laird, C. (1971) · Virtual Defense Library (Ministerio de Defensa) · Cited by 38
The Importance of Spirituality in Hospice Work: A Study of Hospice Professionals
Millison, M. B., & Dudley, J. R. (1990) · The Hospice Journal · doi:10.1080/0742-969x.1990.11882678 · Cited by 37
Spirituality and learning disabilities: a qualitative study
Narayanasamy, A., Gates, B., & Swinton, J. (2002) · British Journal of Nursing · doi:10.12968/bjon.2002.11.14.10467 · Cited by 33
The Link Between Religion and Health: Psychoneuroimmunology and the Faith Factor
Yates, W. R. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.3.586 · Cited by 31
Spirituality and the chronically ill christian elderly
Young, C. L. (1993) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/s0197-4572(06)80054-6 · Cited by 28
The Place of Spiritual Well-Being in Hospice Patients’ Overall Quality of Life
Thomson, J. E. (2000) · The Hospice Journal · doi:10.1080/0742-969x.2000.11882950 · Cited by 26
The Spiritual Aspects of Dying at Home
Vassallo, B. M. (2001) · Holistic Nursing Practice · doi:10.1097/00004650-200101000-00005 · Cited by 22
Putting Spirituality on the Agenda: Hospice Research Findings on the ‘Ignored’ Dimension
McGrath, P. D. (1997) · The Hospice Journal · doi:10.1080/0742-969x.1997.11882870 · Cited by 21
Medical spirituality: defining domains and boundaries.
BESSINGER, D., & KUHNE, T. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 18
The Spirituality of Academic Physicians
Messikomer, C., & Craemer, W. D. (2002) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00001888-200206000-00017 · Cited by 17
EXPLORATION OF SPIRITUALITY & HEALTH Among Diverse Rural Elderly Individuals
Armer, J. M., & Conn, V. S. (2001) · Journal of Gerontological Nursing · doi:10.3928/0098-9134-20010601-08 · Cited by 17
Hughes, D. E., & Peake, T. H. (2002) · Activities Adaptation & Aging · doi:10.1300/j016v26n03_02 · Cited by 15
HYPOTHALAMIC DIGOXIN, HEMISPHERIC CHEMICAL DOMINANCE, AND SPIRITUALITY
Kurup, R. K., & Kurup, P. A. (2003) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/00207450390162155 · Cited by 15
Chirban, J. T. (1992) · Pastoral Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf01027706 · Cited by 14
The Genesis of Mind and Spirit
Teske, J. A. (2001) · Zygon® · doi:10.1111/0591-2385.00342 · Cited by 11
BESSINGER, D., & KUHNE, T. (2002) · Southern Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/00007611-200295120-00006 · Cited by 11
(1995) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-5425 · Cited by 10
THE SPIRITUAL LIMITS OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL LIFE
Teske, J. A. (1996) · Zygon® · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9744.1996.tb00020.x · Cited by 9
Psychoneuroimmunology, spirituality, and cancer
McCain, N. L. (2005) · Gynecologic Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2005.07.055 · Cited by 9
Spirituality and Counseling of the Older Adult
Eliason, G. T. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315784489-15 · Cited by 5
Notes on the Distribution of Some of the Conifers of North-Western Canada
Tyrrell, J. B. (1893) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.ns-22.549.76 · Cited by 2
Stress and human spirituality: at the crossroads of mind-body-spirit healing.
Seaward, B. L. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 2
Spirituality in Social Work Practice with Older Persons
Moberg, D. O. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203048115-20 · Cited by 2
Death, Dying, and Bereavement: Providing Compassion During a Time of Need
Rubel, B. (2004) · Cited by 1
Spiritual Care by Primary Health Care Providers
Friberg, N. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203048115-17 · Cited by 1
Research works printed but not linked: 26
- American Holistic Nurses Association., 2006, What is holistic nursing?
- Angeli, E.A.G. (2001). Spiritual care in hospice settings. In D. O. Moberg (Ed.), Aging and spirituality: Spiritual dimensions of aging theory, research, practice, and policy (pp. 113-124). Binghamton, NY: Haworth Pastoral Press.
- Boehnlein, J. K., 2000, Issues in psychiatry
- 2004, Cambridge advanced learner's dictionary online
- 2002, Cambridge learner's dictionary online
- 2002, Chambers mini thesaurus
- 1998, DK illustrated oxford dictionary
- Fenwick, P. (2001). The neuropathophysiology of religious experience . In I. Clark (Ed.), Psychosis and spirituality: Exploring the new frontier (pp. 15-26). Philadelphia, PA: Whurr.
- Fenwick, P., 2005, Death Studies, 23, 131
- Fowler, M., 1997, Journal of Supervision and Training in Ministry, 18, 46
- Garrard, J., 2007, Health sciences literature review made easy: The matrix method (2nd ed.). Sunbury, MA
- Hughes, D.E., 2002, Aging, 26, 15
- Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations., 2005, Spiritual assessment
- Langer, N., 2000, Education, 20, 41
- Lauver, D.R., 2000, Science, 22, 76
- Loseth, D.B. (2002). Psychosocial and spiritual care. In K. K. Kuebler, P. H. Berry, & D. E. Heidrich (Eds.), End-of-life care: Clinical practice guidelines (pp. 97-124). Philadelphia : W. B. Saunders.
- McGrath, P., 1997, Hospice Journal, 12, 1
- North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, International., 2005, Nursing diagnoses: Definitions and classification
- Oxford, 2000, American college dictionary
- Post-White, J., 1996, Oncology Nursing Forum, 23, 1571
- Puchalski, C.M., 2001, Hospital Physician, 37, 30
- Reed, P.G., 1992, Health, 15, 349
- Seaward, B.L., 2000, Journal of the Michigan Dental Association, 82, 28
- 2005, Taber's medical encyclopedia
- Thomson, J.E., 2000, Hospice Journal, 15, 13
- Walker, L.O., 2005, Strategies for theory construction in nursing (4th ed.). Upper SaddleRiver, NJ
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Concept Analysis of Spirituality: An Evolutionary Approach
Weathers, E., McCarthy, G. M., & Coffey, A. (2015) · Nursing Forum · doi:10.1111/nuf.12128 · Cited by 380
Carey, M. G., Al-Zaiti, S. S., Dean, G. E., Sessanna, L., & Finnell, D. S. (2011) · Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0b013e318225898f · Cited by 350
Self-citationRe‐examining definitions of spirituality in nursing research
Reinert, K. G., & Koenig, H. G. (2013) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.12152 · Cited by 266
Defining spirituality in healthcare: a systematic review and conceptual framework.
de Brito Sena, M. A., Damiano, R. F., Lucchetti, G., & Peres, M. F. P. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.756080 · Cited by 238
Victor, C. P., & Treschuk, J. (2019) · Journal of Holistic Nursing · doi:10.1177/0898010119895368 · Cited by 221
Metadata
- Authors
- Sessanna, L., Finnell, D., & Jezewski, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Holistic Nursing
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2007-12
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 252-262
- ISSN
- 0898-0101 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5724
- OpenAlex
- W2055224796
- Cited by
- 141
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 6.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Holistic Nursing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Workplace Spirituality and Leadership
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative and Oncologic Care
- Keywords
- spirituality, conceptual analysis, nursing literature, definition of spirituality, religion and spirituality, meaning of life, holistic nursing
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Holistic Health, Humans, Humanism, Nursing Theory, Philosophy, Nursing, Religion and Medicine, Nursing Research, Models, Nursing, Holistic Nursing, Nurse's Role, Spirituality
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review