The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Off the map: the health and social implications of being a non-notified slum in India
Open accessAbstract
Approximately half of all slums ( 1 ) in India are not recognized by the government. Lack of government recognition, also referred to as “non-notified status” in the Indian context, may create entrenched barriers to legal rights and basic services such as water, sanitation and security of tenure. In this paper, we explore the relationship between non-notified status and health outcomes in Kaula Bandar, a slum in Mumbai, India. We illustrate this relationship using the findings of a four-year long series of studies in the community. By comparing Kaula Bandar’s statistics with those from other Mumbai slums captured by India’s National Family Health Survey–3, we show that Kaula Bandar has relative deficiencies in several health and social outcomes, including educational status, child health and adult nutrition. We then provide an explanatory framework for the role that Kaula Bandar’s non-notified status may play in generating poor health outcomes, by discussing the health consequences of the absence of basic services. We also highlight the criminalization by the government of activities necessary for fulfilling access to fundamental needs such as water, toilets and shelter. We argue that the policy vacuum surrounding non-notified slums such as Kaula Bandar results in governance failures that lead to poor health outcomes. Our findings highlight the need for cities in India and other developing countries to establish and fulfill minimum humanitarian standards in non-notified slums for the provision of basic services such as water, sanitation, solid waste removal, electricity and education.
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“Community-based slum mapping exercises have regularly shown that few urban slums, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, meet the minimal standards for water access, toilets per person, sewers, and drainage per household [58, 59].”
From Slum Health: Arresting COVID-19 and Improving Well-Being in Urban Informal Settlements (2020) · cites this paper as [59]
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Structural Violence and Clinical Medicine
Farmer, P. E., Nizeye, B., Stulac, S. N., & Keshavjee, S. A. (2006) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030449 · Cited by 1,160
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Appadurai, A. (2001) · Environment and Urbanization · doi:10.1177/095624780101300203 · Cited by 1,012
Domestic water quantity, service level and health
Howard, G., Bartram, J., Williams, A. R., Overbo, A., Fuente, D. E., & Geere, J. A. (2020) · White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) · Cited by 931
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Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Government of Maharashtra, 2009, Mumbai Development Control Rules
- Sawant K, 2011, Paper presented at the 10th International Conference on Urban Health
- Subbaraman R, 2011, Paper presented at the 10th International Conference on Urban Health
Cited by
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The history, geography, and sociology of slums and the health problems of people who live in slums
Ezeh, A., Oyebode, O. O., Satterthwaite, D., Chen, Y., Ndugwa, R. P., Sartori, J., Mberu, B. U., Meléndez‐Torres, G. J., Haregu, T., Watson, S., et al. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31650-6 · Cited by 817
Slum Health: Arresting COVID-19 and Improving Well-Being in Urban Informal Settlements
Corburn, J., Vlahov, D., Mberu, B., Riley, L., Caiaffa, W. T., Rashid, S. F., Ko, A., Patel, S., Jukur, S., Martínez-Herrera, E., et al. (2020) · Journal of Urban Health · doi:10.1007/s11524-020-00438-6 · Cited by 587
“Community-based slum mapping exercises have regularly shown that few urban slums, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, meet the minimal standards for water access, toilets per person, sewers, and drainage per household [58, 59].”
Improving the health and welfare of people who live in slums
Lilford, R. J., Oyebode, O., Satterthwaite, D., Melendez-Torres, G. J., Chen, Y.-F., Mberu, B., Watson, S. I., Sartori, J., Ndugwa, R., Caiaffa, W., et al. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31848-7 · Cited by 305
Sinharoy, S. S., Pittluck, R. E., & Clasen, T. (2019) · Utilities Policy · doi:10.1016/j.jup.2019.100957 · Cited by 241
Wutich, A., Brewis, A., & Tsai, A. C. (2020) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water · doi:10.1002/wat2.1461 · Cited by 201
Metadata
- Authors
- Subbaraman, R., O’brien, J., Shitole, T., Shitole, S., Sawant, K., Bloom, D. E., & Patil-Deshmukh, A.
- Affiliations
- Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (IN)
- Harvard University (US)
- e-mail:
- Corresponding author
- Subbaraman, Ramnath
- O’brien, Jennifer
- Shitole, Tejal
- Shitole, Shrutika
- Sawant, Kiran
- Bloom, David E
- Patil-Deshmukh, Anita
- Venue
- Environment and Urbanization
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2012-10
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 643-663
- ISSN
- 0956-2478 (ISSN-L)
- 1746-0301
- PMC
- PMC3565225
- OpenAlex
- W1978771292
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 23.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Environment and Urbanization (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Fogarty International Center (R24TW007988)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Urban and Rural Development Challenges
- Social Sciences › Health › Public Health and Social Inequalities
- Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Urban Development and Societal Issues
- Keywords
- informal settlements, health outcomes, basic services, water and sanitation, tenure security, child health, adult nutrition, urban governance, humanitarian norms, Mumbai
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