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Orthographic Depth and Its Impact on Universal Predictors of Reading: A Cross-Language Investigation

Open access
Ziegler, Johannes C., Bertrand, Daisy, Tóth, Dénes, Csépe, Valéria, Reis, Alexandra, Faísca, Luís, Saine, Nina, Lyytinen, Heikki, Vaessen, Anniek, Blomert, Leo·2010·Psychological Science

Abstract

Alphabetic orthographies differ in the transparency of their letter-sound mappings, with English orthography being less transparent than other alphabetic scripts. The outlier status of English has led scientists to question the generality of findings based on English-language studies. We investigated the role of phonological awareness, memory, vocabulary, rapid naming, and nonverbal intelligence in reading performance across five languages lying at differing positions along a transparency continuum (Finnish, Hungarian, Dutch, Portuguese, and French). Results from a sample of 1,265 children in Grade 2 showed that phonological awareness was the main factor associated with reading performance in each language. However, its impact was modulated by the transparency of the orthography, being stronger in less transparent orthographies. The influence of rapid naming was rather weak and limited to reading and decoding speed. Most predictors of reading performance were relatively universal across these alphabetic languages, although their precise weight varied systematically as a function of script transparency.

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Metadata

Authors
Ziegler, J. C., Bertrand, D., Tóth, D., Csépe, V., Reis, A., Faísca, L., Saine, N., Lyytinen, H., Vaessen, A., & Blomert, L.
Venue
Psychological Science
Published
2010-02-18
Volume
21
Issue
4
Pages
551-559
ISSN
  • 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-9280
OpenAlex
W2108394838
Cited by
803
References
4
FWCI
64.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Orthographic Depth and Its Impact on Universal Predictors of Reading: A Cross-Language Investigation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/0956797610363406
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Ziegler, J. C., Bertrand, D., Tóth, D., Csépe, V., Reis, A., Faísca, L., Saine, N., Lyytinen, H., Vaessen, A., & Blomert, L. (2010). Orthographic Depth and Its Impact on Universal Predictors of Reading: A Cross-Language Investigation. Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610363406

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