CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 280Digital Games and MediaEducational Games and GamificationMotivation and Self-Concept in Sports

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Ideal Self at Play: The Appeal of Video Games That Let You Be All You Can Be

Open access
Przybylski, Andrew K., Weinstein, Netta, Murayama, Kou, Lynch, Martin F., Ryan, Richard M.·2012·Psychological Science
DOI 10.1177/0956797611418676
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Video games constitute a popular form of entertainment that allows millions of people to adopt virtual identities. In our research, we explored the idea that the appeal of games is due in part to their ability to provide players with novel experiences that let them "try on" ideal aspects of their selves that might not find expression in everyday life. We found that video games were most intrinsically motivating and had the greatest influence on emotions when players' experiences of themselves during play were congruent with players' conceptions of their ideal selves. Additionally, we found that high levels of immersion in gaming environments, as well as large discrepancies between players' actual-self and ideal-self characteristics, magnified the link between intrinsic motivation and the experience of ideal-self characteristics during play.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1177/0956797611418676

Cites

42 of 42 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 42 references

Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. Frederick C. M., 1995, International Journal of Sport Psychology, 26, 5
  2. James W., 1910, Psychology: The briefer course
  3. Malone T., 1987, Aptitude, learning and instruction: Vol. 3. Cognitive and affective process analyses, 223
  4. Rigby C. S., 2004, Paper presented to the Motivation Research Group, University of Rochester
  5. 10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68 · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 279

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Przybylski, A. K., Weinstein, N., Murayama, K., Lynch, M. F., & Ryan, R. M.
Affiliations
  • University of Essex (GB)
  • Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
  • University of Rochester (US)
ORCID
Venue
Psychological Science
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2011-12-14
Volume
23
Issue
1
Pages
69-76
ISSN
  • 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-9280
DOI
10.1177/0956797611418676
OpenAlex
W2151422725
Cited by
280
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 21 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 4
FWCI
46.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UR Research (University of Rochester) (submittedVersion)
  • ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
  • Open Access at Essex (University of Essex) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Digital Games and Media
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Educational Games and Gamification
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
Keywords
video games, ideal self, self-concept, virtual identity, intrinsic motivation, player immersion, self-congruity, emotions, self-presentation, actual self
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Affect, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Play and Playthings, Self Concept, Video Games, Personal Autonomy

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review