Direct Evidence for Active Suppression of Salient-but-Irrelevant Sensory Inputs
Open accessAbstract
Researchers have long debated whether attentional capture is purely stimulus driven or purely goal driven. In the current study, we tested a hybrid account, called the signal-suppression hypothesis, which posits that stimuli automatically produce a bottom-up salience signal, but that this signal can be suppressed via top-down control processes. To test this account, we used a new capture-probe paradigm in which participants searched for a target shape while ignoring an irrelevant color singleton. On occasional probe trials, letters were briefly presented inside the search shapes, and participants attempted to report these letters. Under conditions that promoted capture by the irrelevant singleton, accuracy was greater for the letter inside the singleton distractor than for letters inside nonsingleton distractors. However, when the conditions were changed to avoid capture by the singleton, accuracy for the letter inside the irrelevant singleton was reduced below the level observed for letters inside nonsingleton distractors, an indication of active suppression of processing at the singleton location.
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The "signal suppression hypothesis" states that features of an irrelevant distractor that generates a strong bottom-up signal can be actively suppressed in a top-down way such that the distractor no longer captures attention.
“the recently proposed “signal suppression hypothesis” (Sawaki & Luck, 2010) states that features of an irrelevant distractor that generates a strong bottom-up signal can be actively suppressed in a top-down way such that the distractor no longer captures attention (see also Gaspelin, Leonard, & Luck, 2015).”
From Selection history: How reward modulates selectivity of visual attention. (2018) · cites this paper as Gaspelin, Leonard, & Luck, 2015
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Adams, O. J., Ruthruff, E. D., & Gaspelin, N. (2022) · Attention Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/s13414-022-02524-0 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
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Integrating salience and action – Increased integration strength through salience
Schmalbrock, P., Laub, R., & Frings, C. (2021) · Visual Cognition · doi:10.1080/13506285.2020.1871455 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
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Signal suppression 2.0: An updated account of attentional capture and suppression
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Self-citationSuppression history of distractor location biases attentional and oculomotor control
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The influence of hatha yoga on stress, anxiety, and suppression: A randomized controlled trial
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Attentional capture alters feature perception.
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Flexibility in Attentional Control: Multiple Sources and Suppression.
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Neural evidence for attentional capture by salient distractors
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Memory guidance in distractor suppression is governed by the availability of cognitive control
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- Authors
- Gaspelin, N., Leonard, C. J., & Luck, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Center for Mind and Brain
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gaspelin, Nicholas
- Venue
- Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2015-09-29
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1740-1750
- ISSN
- 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9280
- PMC
- PMC4922750
- OpenAlex
- W2176026914
- Cited by
- 388
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 9
- FWCI
- 15.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH076226)
- National Eye Institute (T32EY013587, F32EY024834, P30EY012576, T32EY015387)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- attentional capture, top-down control, bottom-up salience, distractor suppression, color singleton, visual search, top-down attention, bottom-up attention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention, Cues, Female, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Reaction Time, Young Adult
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