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Cited by 70Microbial infections and disease researchAnimal health and immunologyAnimal Disease Management and Epidemiology

Sensitivity and specificity of on-farm scoring systems and nasal culture to detect bovine respiratory disease complex in preweaned dairy calves

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Love, William J., Lehenbauer, Terry W., Van Eenennaam, Alison L., Drake, Christiana M., Kass, Philip H., Farver, Thomas B., Aly, Sharif S.·2016·Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
DOI 10.1177/1040638715626204
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Abstract

The California (CA) and Wisconsin (WI) clinical scoring systems have been proposed for bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) detection in preweaned dairy calves. The screening sensitivity (SSe), for estimating BRDC prevalence in a cohort of calves, diagnostic sensitivity (DSe), for confirming BRDC in ill calves, and specificity (Sp) were estimated for each of the scoring systems, as well as for nasal swab cultures for aerobic bacteria and mycoplasma species. Thoracic ultrasound and auscultation were used as the reference standard tests interpreted in parallel. A total of 536 calves (221 with BRDC and 315 healthy) were sampled from 5 premises in California. The SSe of 46.8%, DSe of 72.6%, and Sp of 87.4% was determined for the CA system. The SSe of 46.0%, DSe of 71.1%, and Sp of 91.2% was determined for the WI system. For aerobic culture, the SSe was 43.4%, DSe was 52.6%, and Sp was 71.3%; for Mycoplasma spp. culture, the SSe was 57.5%, DSe was 68.9%, and Sp was 59.7%. The screening and diagnostic sensitivities of the scoring systems were not significantly different but the Sp of the WI system was greater by 3.8%. Scoring systems can serve as rapid on-farm tools to determine the burden of BRDC in preweaned dairy calves. However, users may expect the SSe to be less than the DSe when confirming BRDC in an ill calf.

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  • The Wisconsin Scoring System and California Scoring System stand out, with the latter including a specialized chart for post-weaning calves and an adapted version.

    “Notably, the Wisconsin Scoring System and the California Scoring System stand out, with the latter including a specialized chart for post-weaning calves and an adapted version [22,23,24,25].”

    From Strategies for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Diagnosis and Prognosis: A Comprehensive Overview (2024) · cites this paper as [23]

    The Introduction (p. 2) identifies and describes both the Wisconsin and California scoring systems. However, the paper evaluates them in preweaned calves (Study calves, p. 7); the passages do not support the claim that the California system includes a specialized post-weaning chart or an adapted version. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Various methodologies developed to evaluate multiple clinical indicators still require expert interpretation and often fail to detect all cases of BRD.

    “While various methodologies have been developed to evaluate multiple clinical indicators, they still require expert interpretation and often fail to detect all cases of BRD [20,22,23,24,25].”

    From Strategies for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Diagnosis and Prognosis: A Comprehensive Overview (2024) · cites this paper as [23]

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Research works printed but not linked: 28

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Authors
Love, W. J., Lehenbauer, T. W., Van Eenennaam, A. L., Drake, C. M., Kass, P. H., Farver, T. B., & Aly, S. S.
Affiliations
  • University of California, Davis (US)
  • Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, Tulare, CA (Love, Lehenbauer, Aly)
Corresponding author
Aly, Sharif S.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2016-01-21
Volume
28
Issue
2
Pages
119-128
ISSN
  • 1040-6387 (ISSN-L)
  • 1943-4936
DOI
10.1177/1040638715626204
OpenAlex
W2296602509
Cited by
70
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 2
FWCI
5.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal health and immunology
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
Keywords
bovine respiratory disease, preweaned dairy calves, clinical scoring systems, diagnostic sensitivity, diagnostic specificity, Mycoplasma, aerobic bacteria, thoracic ultrasound, auscultation
MeSH terms
Animals, Animal Husbandry, Animals, Newborn, California, Cattle, Dairying, Female, Nose, Sensitivity and Specificity, Wisconsin, Case-Control Studies, Point-of-Care Systems, Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex

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