Cited by 57Breastfeeding Practices and InfluencesInfant Nutrition and HealthMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

The Relationship Between Maternal Postpartum Psychological State and Breast Milk Secretory Immunoglobulin A Level

Open access
Kawano, Atsuko, Emori, Yoko·2015·Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Maternal psychological state may influence the passive transfer of immune factors (e.g., immunoglobulin) via the mother’s breast milk. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether a correlation exists between mothers’ postpartum psychological state and their breast milk secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) levels. STUDY DESIGN: Eighty-one mothers who delivered at an urban general hospital were included in our analysis. Two weeks after delivery, we measured their breast milk SIgA levels and simultaneously documented their psychological state using the Profile of Mood States (POMS), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scales. RESULTS: Breast milk SIgA levels were negatively correlated with negative POMS states (tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, fatigue, and confusion). A negative correlation was also observed between SIgA levels and GHQ mental health ( r = −.625, P = .000), and a similar negative correlation was observed with STAI trait and state anxieties. However, no correlation existed between breast milk SIgA levels and the positive POMS state (vigor). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the maternal psychological state may affect the immune properties of breast milk.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1177/1078390314566882

Cites

53 of 53 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Kawano and Emori identified weak negative correlations between breast milk secretory immunoglobulin A levels and all negative POMS states.

    “Kawano and Emori32 identified weak negative correlations between breast milk secretory immunoglobulin A levels (breast milk SigA level) and all negative profile of mood states (POMS: tension–anxiety, depression–dejection, anger–hostility, fatigue, and confusion); however, there was no correlation between breast milk SigA level and positive POMS state.”
  • There was no correlation between breast milk SigA level and positive POMS state.

    “Kawano and Emori32 identified weak negative correlations between breast milk secretory immunoglobulin A levels (breast milk SigA level) and all negative profile of mood states (POMS: tension–anxiety, depression–dejection, anger–hostility, fatigue, and confusion); however, there was no correlation between breast milk SigA level and positive POMS state.”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 55 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 11

  1. Chrousos G.P. (1998) Stressors, stress, and neuroendocrine integration of the adaptive response. The 1997 Hans Selye Memorial Lecture. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , 851, 311-335.
  2. Hattori R., Nakajima R. (2000) Changes in fatigue during the postpartum 13 months. Japanese Society of Child Health , 59(6), 663-668.
  3. Okazaki H. (1985) Clinical study of maternity , 39(7), 564-604. [Japanese]
  4. Matsuoka H., Sakai N., Wada K., Hanazawa S. (2001) Longitudinal study about the maternity Blues. Japanese Journal of Maternal Health , 42(1), 191-197.
  5. Nagai N., Noguchi M., Hiraishi M., Furuta N., Nakayama H., Oka K., Masuda Y., Yamada Y. (2000) State anxiety of a puerpera and immunity component in the mother's milk. Japanese Journal of Pediatrics , 53(5), 815-820.
  6. Nagaturu M. (2006) Influence of mother-daughter relationship during the perinatal period on the mental health of puerperas. Japanese Journal of Maternal Health , 46(4), 550-559. [Japanese]
  7. Nakane H. (1997) Biochemical Analysis of Stress and Comfort. Toyota Central R&D Review , 32(3), 112-122.
  8. Netu Y. (1996) Effect of the mother's body on breastfeeding. Perinatal medicine , 26(4), 499-503.
  9. Sato A., Itagaki Y ., Morioka T., Oiji A., Murata A., Inoue K. (2003) Relationships among mother's postpartum emotional state. Japanese Journal of Maternal Health,
  10. Shitami C. (2004) Changes in secretory IgA concentrations in the saliva during parturition and the associated stress factors. Journal of Japan Academy Midwifery , 18(1), 29-36. [Japanese]
  11. Yoshida Y., Maruyama T., Sugiyama T. (2003) The state of psychosocial of women during pregnancy and 2 years after birth: A relationship between MCQ, EPDS and GHQ. Japanese Society of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 8(3), 296-304. [Japanese]

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kawano, A., & Emori, Y.
Affiliations
University of Tsukuba (JP)
Venue
Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association
Published
2015-01
Volume
21
Issue
1
Pages
23-30
ISSN
  • 1078-3903 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-5725
OpenAlex
W2153245780
Cited by
57
References
55
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1
FWCI
1.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (acceptedVersion)
  • Terrestrial Environment Research Center (University of Tsukuba) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (15K11655, 24792485)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords
breast milk, secretory IgA, maternal mental health, anxiety, depression, mood states, passive transfer
MeSH terms
Adult, Mental Disorders, Emotions, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin A, Secretory, Japan, Milk, Human, Mothers, Stress, Psychological, Depression, Postpartum, Postpartum Period

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review