CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 370Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentAutism Spectrum Disorder Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Long-Term Outcomes of ADHD: A Systematic Review of Self-Esteem and Social Function

Open access
Harpin, V., Mazzone, L., Raynaud, J. P., Kahle, J., Hodgkins, P.·2016·Journal of Attention Disorders
DOI 10.1177/1087054713486516
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Objective: To compare the long-term self-esteem and social function outcomes of individuals with untreated and treated ADHD across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Method: A systematic search of 12 databases was performed to identify peer-reviewed, primary research articles, published January 1980 to December 2011, reporting long-term self-esteem and/or social function outcomes (≥2 years; life consequences distinct from symptoms) of individuals with untreated or treated ADHD. Results: Overall, 127 studies reported 150 outcomes. Most outcomes were poorer in individuals with untreated ADHD versus non-ADHD controls (57% [13/23] for self-esteem; 73% [52/71] for social function). A beneficial response to treatment (pharmacological, nonpharmacological, and multimodal treatments) was reported for the majority of self-esteem (89% [8/9]) and social function (77% [17/22]) outcomes. Conclusion: Untreated ADHD was associated with poorer long-term self-esteem and social function outcomes compared with non-ADHD controls. Treatment for ADHD was associated with improvement in outcomes; however, further long-term outcome studies are needed.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1177/1087054713486516

Cites

39 of 39 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 39 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Cohen J., 1988, Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioural Sciences
  2. Hodgkins P., 2011, Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2, 84

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 370

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Harpin, V., Mazzone, L., Raynaud, J. P., Kahle, J., & Hodgkins, P.
Affiliations
  • Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
  • Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (IT)
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (FR)
  • BPS International, San Diego, CA, USA
  • Shire Development, LLC, Wayne, PA, USA
Corresponding author
Harpin, V.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Attention Disorders
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2013-05-22
Volume
20
Issue
4
Pages
295-305
ISSN
  • 1087-0547 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-1246
DOI
10.1177/1087054713486516
OpenAlex
W2113615951
Cited by
370
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 30 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 6
FWCI
5.67
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Attention Disorders (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
Shire
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, long-term outcomes, self-esteem, social function, untreated ADHD, ADHD treatment, pharmacotherapy, non-pharmacological treatment, multimodal therapy
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Combined Modality Therapy, Humans, Male, Personality Disorders, Self Concept, Social Adjustment, Social Behavior, Treatment Outcome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review