ADHD is comorbid to migraine in childhood: a population-based study
Open accessAbstract
Objective: Recurrent headaches and ADHD are prevalent in the pediatric population. Herein, we assess if ADHD is comorbid to headaches overall, to headache subtypes (e.g., migraine), and to headache frequency. Method: Informed consent and analyzable data were obtained for 5,671 children aged 5 to 12 years (65.9% of the target sample). Parents and teachers were interviewed using validated questionnaires based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5). Relative risks were modeled using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: As contrasted to nonheadache controls, the prevalence of ADHD was significantly higher in children with migraine ( p < .001) but not in those with tension-type headaches. In children with migraine, risk of ADHD increased as a function of headache frequency ( p < .05). Conclusion: Migraine and frequent migraine are comorbid to ADHD. Future studies should focus on the impact of the association on the burden to the children and their families.
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Children with migraine are about four times more likely to have ADHD.
“A Brazilian population-based study including 5,671 children found those with migraine about four times more likely to have ADHD (Arruda et al., 2020).”
From The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder (2021) · cites this paper as Arruda et al., 2020
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“A Brazilian population-based study including 5671 children found those with migraine about four times more likely to have ADHD (Arruda et al., 2020).”
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- Authors
- Arruda, M. A., Arruda, R., Guidetti, V., & Bigal, M. E.
- Affiliations
- Glia Institute, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) (BR)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Teva Pharmaceuticals (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Arruda, Marco Antônio
- Venue
- Journal of Attention Disorders
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2017-06-06
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 990-1001
- ISSN
- 1087-0547 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-1246
- OpenAlex
- W2623562845
- Semantic Scholar
- f71e65628b11fcb5d676c1cd51036e264c7d698c
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 2.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Journal of Attention Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Migraine and Headache Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, migraine, comorbidities, pediatric headache, tension-type headache, headache frequency, children, prevalence
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Migraine Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Tension-Type Headache
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