The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Concept Mapping as an Alternative Approach for the Analysis of Open-Ended Survey Responses
Abstract
This article presents concept mapping as an alternative method to existing code-based and word-based text analysis techniques for one type of qualitative text data—open-ended survey questions. It is argued that the concept mapping method offers a unique blending of the strengths of these approaches while minimizing some of their weaknesses. This method appears to be especially well suited for the type of text generated by open-ended questions as well for organizational research questions that are exploratory in nature, aimed at scale or interview question development, and/or developing conceptual coding schemes. A detailed example of concept mapping on open-ended survey data is presented. Reliability and validity issues associated with concept mapping are also discussed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook
(1994) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0272-4944(05)80231-2 · Cited by 48,420
Handbook of Qualitative Research
Crozier, G., Denzin, N., & Lincoln, Y. (1994) · British Journal of Educational Studies · doi:10.2307/3121684 · Cited by 26,666
Content Analysis: An Introduction to its Methodology.
Shelley, M., & Krippendorff, K. (1984) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2288384 · Cited by 24,312
(1990) · Cited by 24,217
Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.
Hammer, T. H., Anderson, J., Gurdon, M., Jick, T., Petit, A., Stern, R., Schwartz, H., Vardi, Y., & Dunnette, M. D. (1977) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2391755 · Cited by 11,945
(1990) · Cited by 8,425
Weber, R. (1990) · doi:10.4135/9781412983488 · Cited by 7,750
Mixed Methodology: Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches
Cotten, S. R., Tashakkori, A., & Teddlie, C. (1999) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2655606 · Cited by 5,204
Novak, J. D., Gowin, D. B., & Kahle, J. B. (1984) · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139173469 · Cited by 5,199
A multimethod examination of the benefits and detriments of intragroup conflict
Jehn, K. A. (1995) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2393638 · Cited by 4,050
Research works printed but not linked: 11
- Boster, J. (1994, June). The successive pile sort. Cultural Anthropology Methods, pp. 11-12. · doi:10.1177/1525822x9400600205
- Carley, K. (1997). Network text analysis: The network position of concepts. In C. Roberts (Ed.), Text analysis for the social sciences: Methods for drawing statistical inference from texts and transcripts (pp. 79-100). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. · doi:10.4324/9781003064060-5
- Gerbner, G., Holsti, O., Krippendorff, K., Paisley, W. & Stone, P. (Eds.). (1969). The analysis of communication content: Development in scientific theories and computer techniques. New York: John Wiley.
- Kelle, U. & Laurie, H. (1998). Computer use in qualitative research and issues of validity. In U. Kelle (Ed.), Computer-aided qualitative data analysis: Theory, methods, and practice (pp. 19-28). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Lindkvist, K. (1981). Approaches to textual analysis. In K. Rosengren (Ed.), Advances in content analysis (pp. 23-41). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
- 10.1037/0021-9010.75.2.117 · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.75.2.117 · Paper page
- 10.1080/09544120020010110 · doi:10.1080/09544120020010110
- Seidel, J. & Kelle, U. (1995). Different functions of coding in the analysis of textual data. In U. Kelle (Ed.), Computer-aided qualitative data analysis: Theory, methods, and practice (pp. 52-61). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Shapiro, G. (1997). The future of coders: Human judgments in a world of sophisticated software. In C. Roberts (Ed.), Text analysis for the social sciences: Methods for drawing statistical inferences from texts and transcripts (pp. 225-238). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. · doi:10.4324/9781003064060-16
- Stone, P. (1997). Thematic text analysis: New agendas for analyzing text content. In C. Robert (Ed.), Text analysis for the social sciences: Methods for drawing statistical inferences from texts and transcripts (pp. 35-54). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. · doi:10.4324/9781003064060-3
- 10.1177/0022002796040003001 · DOI
Cited by
Development and validation of the Current Opioid Misuse Measure
Butler, S. F., Budman, S. H., Fernandez, K. C., Houle, B., Benoit, C., Katz, N., & Jamison, R. N. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.01.014 · Cited by 651
Validation of the Revised Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients With Pain (SOAPP-R)
Butler, S. F., Fernandez, K., Benoit, C., Budman, S. H., & Jamison, R. N. (2008) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2007.11.014 · Cited by 471
Concept mapping: an introduction to structured conceptualization in health care
Trochim, W., & Kane, M. (2005) · International Journal for Quality in Health Care · doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzi038 · Cited by 477
Self-citationExperts' views on digital competence: Commonalities and differences
Janssen, J., Stoyanov, S., Ferrari, A., Punie, Y., Pannekeet, K., & Sloep, P. (2013) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2013.06.008 · Cited by 473
Validation of a screener and opioid assessment measure for patients with chronic pain
Butler, S. F., Budman, S. H., Fernandez, K., & Jamison, R. N. (2004) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.07.026 · Cited by 355
Metadata
- Authors
- Jackson, K. M., & Trochim, W. M. K.
- Venue
- Organizational Research Methods
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2002-10
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 307-336
- ISSN
- 1094-4281 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-7425
- OpenAlex
- W2162584501
- Cited by
- 733
- References
- 37
- FWCI
- 42.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Concept Mapping as an Alternative Approach for the Analysis of Open-Ended Survey Responses. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/109442802237114
- The paper
- Jackson, K. M., & Trochim, W. M. K. (2002). Concept Mapping as an Alternative Approach for the Analysis of Open-Ended Survey Responses. Organizational Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.1177/109442802237114
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.