Cited by 149Second Language Acquisition and LearningReading and Literacy DevelopmentEFL/ESL Teaching and Learning

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The effects of word exposure frequency and elaboration of word processing on incidental L2 vocabulary acquisition through reading

Eckerth, Johannes, Tavakoli, Parveneh·2012·Language Teaching Research

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Abstract

Research on incidental second language (L2) vocabulary acquisition through reading has claimed that repeated encounters with unfamiliar words and the relative elaboration of processing these words facilitate word learning. However, so far both variables have been investigated in isolation. To help close this research gap, the current study investigates the differential effects of the variables ‘word exposure frequency’ and ‘elaboration of word processing’ on the initial word learning and subsequent word retention of advanced learners of L2 English. Whereas results showed equal effects for both variables on initial word learning, subsequent word retention was more contingent on elaborate processing of form–meaning relationships than on word frequency. These results, together with those of the studies reviewed, suggest that processing words again after reading (input–output cycles) is superior to reading-only tasks. The findings have significant implications for adaptation and development of teaching materials that enhance L2 vocabulary learning.

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Authors: Eckerth, J., & Tavakoli, P.
Affiliations: London Metropolitan University (GB)
London Metropolitan University, UK
Venue: Language Teaching Research
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2012-04
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Pages: 227-252
ISSN: 1362-1688 (ISSN-L)
1477-0954
DOI: 10.1177/1362168811431377
OpenAlex: W2082324569
Cited by: 149
References: 85
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 18.68
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Language Teaching Research (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Second Language Acquisition and Learning
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
Keywords: incidental vocabulary learning, second language reading, elaborative processing, vocabulary retention, form-meaning relationship, advanced learners, L2 English

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The effects of word exposure frequency and elaboration of word processing on incidental L2 vocabulary acquisition through reading

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