The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Outcomes in adults with autism spectrum disorders: a historical perspective
Open accessAbstract
In this review, we examine the ways in which researchers have defined successful adult outcomes for individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) from the first systematic follow-up reports to the present day. The earliest outcome studies used vague and unreliable outcome criteria, and institutionalization was a common marker of poor outcomes. In the past decade, researchers have begun to standardize the measurement of adult outcomes with specific criteria based on friendships, employment, and living arrangements. Although nearly all of these studies have agreed that the majority of adults with ASD have poor outcomes, evolving concepts of what it means to be an adult could have an impact on outcomes measured. For example, some researchers have suggested that taking into account the person-environment fit could reveal a more optimistic picture of outcomes for these adults. Suggestions for future research are discussed.
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“Meta-analysis have suggested that across the lifespan, subjective QOL tends to be lower among individuals with ASD compared to typically-developing peers 228 , but is often more positive than indicators of objective QOL 223,229 .”
From Autism spectrum disorder (2020) · cites this paper as [229]
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Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
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“The Emerging Adulthood Theory (Arnett, 2000) posits that the transition period between adolescence and adulthood is characterized by identity exploration and individualism.”
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Howlin, P., Goode, S., Hutton, J., & Rutter, M. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00215.x · Cited by 1,813 · cited 4×
“The rest of the studies in this category assessed overall outcomes with variations of the OOR scale (Eaves and Ho, 2008; Howlin et al., 2004).”
InfluentialConceptions of the Transition to Adulthood: Perspectives From Adolescence Through Midlife
Arnett, J. J. (2001) · Journal of Adult Development · doi:10.1023/a:1026450103225 · Cited by 881 · cited 1×
“In contrast to the traditional developmental tasks perspective, ‘emerging adults’ were more likely to say that being responsible for oneself, establishing a personal value system, relating to parents as adults, and becoming financially independent were markers of becoming an adult (Arnett, 2001).”
Billstedt, E., Gillberg, C., & Gillberg, C. (2005) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-005-3302-5 · Cited by 783 · cited 10×
“These two scales, as in Billstedt et al. (2005), were more specific than Rutter et al.’s criteria, but still required some subjective interpretation. For example, on the Present Language Developmental Level (PLDL) scale they defined very good as being able to ‘communicate freely with a rich vocabulary’ and on the Pres…”
InfluentialCanadian Journal of Psychiatry
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Young Adult Outcome of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Eaves, L. C., & Ho, H. H. (2008) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-007-0441-x · Cited by 683 · cited 10×
“Eaves and Ho (2008) assigned outcome categories to a sample of 48 young adults with ASDs in British Columbia.”
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Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Kanner L, 1943, Nervous Child, 2, 217
- Shattuck P, Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
Cited by
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Lord, C., Brugha, T. S., Charman, T., Cusack, J., Dumas, G., Frazier, T., Jones, E. J. H., Jones, R. M., Pickles, A., State, M. W., et al. (2020) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-019-0138-4 · Cited by 1,859
Self-citationMagiati, I., Tay, X. W., & Howlin, P. (2014) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2013.11.002 · Cited by 632
Hus, V., & Lord, C. (2014) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2080-3 · Cited by 547
“Recent studies have begun to explore predictors of outcome and the current needs of adolescents and adults with ASD (e.g., Farley et al. 2009; Howlin et al. 2013; see Henninger and Taylor 2013 for review).”
Howlin, P., Moss, P., Savage, S., & Rutter, M. L. (2013) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2013.02.017 · Cited by 462
Social Participation Among Young Adults with an Autism Spectrum Disorder
Orsmond, G. I., Shattuck, P. T., Cooper, B. P., Sterzing, P. R., & Anderson, K. A. (2013) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-013-1833-8 · Cited by 415
“The adequacy of outcomes in adulthood should ideally take into account the gap between a given outcome and the preferences and goals of the individual (Henninger and Taylor 2013).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Henninger, N. A., & Taylor, J. L.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital (US)
- ORCID
- Taylor, Julie Lounds
- Venue
- Autism
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2012-08-21
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 103-116
- ISSN
- 1362-3613 (ISSN-L)
- 1461-7005
- PMC
- PMC3769945
- OpenAlex
- W2109872026
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 10
- FWCI
- 8.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Autism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH092598)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P30HD015052, P30 HD-15052)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Education › Disability Education and Employment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, adult outcomes, outcome measurement, institutionalization, employment, friendship, living arrangements, person-environment fit
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Employment, Humans, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Friends, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Independent Living
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