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Evidence-based psychological interventions for adult survivors of torture and trauma: A 30-year review
Abstract
In this paper we review research evidence on psychosocial interventions for adult survivors of torture and trauma. We identified 40 studies from 1980 to 2010 that investigated interventions for adult survivors of torture and trauma. Population subtypes include resettled refugees, asylum seekers, displaced persons, and persons resident in their country of origin. Settings include specialized services for torture and trauma, specialized tertiary referral clinics, community settings, university settings, as well as psychiatric and multidisciplinary mental health services. Interventions were delivered as individual or group treatments and lasted from a single session to 19 years duration. The studies employed randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized comparison studies and single cohort follow-up studies. In all, 36 of the 40 studies (90%) demonstrated significant improvements on at least one outcome indicator after an intervention. Most studies (60%) included participants who had high levels of posttraumatic stress symptomatology. Improvements in symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms were found following a range of interventions. Little evidence was available with regard to the effect on treatment outcomes of the amount, type, or length of treatment, the influence of patient characteristics, maintenance of treatment effects, and treatment outcomes other than psychiatric symptomatology. The review highlights the need for more carefully designed research that addresses the shortcomings of current studies and that integrates the experience of expert practitioners.
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Metadata
- Authors
- McFarlane, C. A., & Kaplan, I.
- Affiliations
- The Victorian Foundation for Survivors of Torture
- Corresponding author
- McFarlane, Colleen A.
- Venue
- Transcultural Psychiatry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2012-07
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 3-4
- Pages
- 539-567
- ISSN
- 1363-4615 (ISSN-L)
- 1461-7471
- OpenAlex
- W2317504454
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 7.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Transcultural Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- World Health Organization
- Myer Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- torture survivors, trauma survivors, psychosocial interventions, post-traumatic stress disorder, refugees, asylum seekers, displaced persons, depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, treatment outcomes, evidence-based practice
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Humans, Psychotherapy, Refugees, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Torture, Treatment Outcome, Survivors, Evidence-Based Practice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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