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Trust and reciprocity: a theoretical distinction of the sources of social capital.
Abstract
The social capital literature has focused on the functional and structural properties of social relations, partially neglecting the way in which they are experienced by individuals. Drawing on anthropological and social theory, this article distinguishes two ideal-typical forms of social capital — reciprocity and trust — based on the meaning of the social relations that embed them. Reciprocity is the type of social capital embedded within personal relations, triply defined in the factual, social and temporal dimensions by co-presence, reciprocity and memory, respectively. Trust is the type of social capital embedded within relations with strangers, defined by the condition of impersonality or anonymity. These two types of social capital cannot be reduced to extremes in a continuum, nor are they fungible, and while reciprocity is by definition particularistic (this is the source of its strength as a linking mechanism), trust has a universalistic potential. Analytical and empirical implications of this distinction are outlined.
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“Social support and trust in people and institutions represent a significant social resource that influences one’s sense of control and an individual’s perceived ability to solve a problem (Beck et al., 1985; Delhey and Newton, 2003; Torche and Valenzuela, 2011).”
From Intolerance of Uncertainty and Tendency to Worry as Mediators Between Trust in Institutions and Social Support and Fear of Coronavirus and Consequences of the Pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as Torche and Valenzuela, 2011
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Metadata
- Authors
- Torche, F., & Valenzuela, E.
- Affiliations
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CL)
- Corresponding author
- Torche, Florencia
- Venue
- European Journal of Social Theory
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2011-05
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 181-198
- ISSN
- 1368-4310 (ISSN-L)
- 1461-7137
- OpenAlex
- W2158045472
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 24.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Social Theory (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ford Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Capital and Networks
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Power and Status Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Cultural Capital and Social Class
- Keywords
- social capital, trust, reciprocity, interpersonal relationships, anonymity, particularism, universalism, linkage mechanism, memory
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