Nitric oxide modulation in neuroinflammation and the role of mesenchymal stem cells
Open accessAbstract
Nitric oxide is a versatile mediator formed by enzymes called nitric oxide synthases. It has numerous homeostatic functions and important roles in inflammation. Within the inflamed brain, microglia and astrocytes produce large amounts of nitric oxide during inflammation. Excessive nitric oxide causes neuronal toxicity and death and mesenchymal stem cells can be used as an approach to limit the neuronal damage caused by neuroinflammation. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy ameliorates inflammation and neuronal damage in disease models of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and other neuroinflammatory disorders. Interestingly, we have reported that in vitro, mesenchymal stem cells themselves contribute to a rise in nitric oxide levels through microglial cues. This may be an undesirable effect and highlights a possible need to explore acellular approaches for mesenchymal stem cell therapy in the central nervous system.
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iNOS is generally expressed by activated immune cells, leading to generation of excessive levels of NO for long periods (hours).
“iNOS is generally expressed by activated immune cells, leading to the generation of excessive levels of NO for long periods (hours).445”
From Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development (2023) · cites this paper as [445]
NO is a signal molecule that regulates multiple physiological functions, mainly in the nervous system and cardiovascular system.
“NO is a signal molecule that regulates multiple physiological functions, mainly in the nervous system and cardiovascular system.445”
From Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development (2023) · cites this paper as [445]
Excessive NO production in the CNS is a common pathological feature of neurodegenerative diseases.
“Excessive NO production in the CNS is a common pathological feature of neurodegenerative diseases.445”
From Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development (2023) · cites this paper as [445]
Cites
Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine
Han, Y., Li, X., Zhang, Y., Han, Y., Chang, F., & Ding, J. (2019) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells8080886 · Cited by 1,093 · see citing works
Nitric oxide and redox mechanisms in the immune response
Wink, D. A., Hines, H. B., Cheng, R. Y. S., Switzer, C. H., Flores-Santana, W., Vitek, M. P., Ridnour, L. A., & Colton, C. A. (2011) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.1010550 · Cited by 765 · see citing works
Nathan, C., Calingasan, N., Nezezon, J., Ding, A., Lucia, M. S., La Perle, K., Fuortes, M., Lin, M., Ehrt, S., Kwon, N. S., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20051529 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
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Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development
Zhang, W., Xiao, D., Mao, Q., & Xia, H. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01486-5 · Cited by 1,668 · see citing works
“iNOS is generally expressed by activated immune cells, leading to the generation of excessive levels of NO for long periods (hours).(445) It is generally considered that low level of NO is crucial to sustain homeostatic functions, while excess level of NO is detrimental.”
BackgroundInfluential
- Authors
- Liy, P. M., Puzi, N. N. A., Jose, S., & Vidyadaran, S.
- Affiliations
- Universiti Putra Malaysia (MY)
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jose, Shinsmon
- Vidyadaran, Sharmili
- Venue
- Experimental Biology and Medicine
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2021-03-09
- Volume
- 246
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 2399-2406
- ISSN
- 0071-3384 (ISSN-L)
- 1535-3702
- 1535-3699
- PMC
- PMC8606960
- OpenAlex
- W3135059561
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 6
- FWCI
- 1.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Experimental Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository (Universiti Putra Malaysia) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (FRGS/1/2018/SKK13/UPM/02/1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Keywords
- nitric oxide, neuroinflammation, mesenchymal stem cells, nitric oxide synthase, microglia, astrocytes, neuronal injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stem cell therapy, acellular therapy, central nervous system
- MeSH terms
- Neuroinflammatory Diseases, Animals, Humans, Nitric Oxide, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
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