Frequency of anxiety after stroke: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
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Background: Anxiety is a common and distressing problem after stroke. Aims: To undertake an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies of anxiety after stroke and integrate the findings with those reported previously. Summary of review: Multiple databases were searched in May 2018 and 53 new studies were included following dual independent sifting and data extraction. These were combined with 44 previous studies to form a combined data set of 97 studies, comprising 22,262 participants. Studies using interview methods were of higher quality. Rates of anxiety by interview were 18.7% (95% confidence interval 12.5, 24.9%) and 24.2% (95% confidence interval 21.5, 26.9%) by rating scale. Rates of anxiety did not lower meaningfully up to 24 months after stroke. Eight different anxiety subtypes were also reported. Conclusions: This review confirms that anxiety occurs in around one in four patients (by rating scale) and one in five patients (by interview). More research on anxiety subtypes is needed for an informed understanding of its effects and the development of interventions.
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Individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI), such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke, are at increased risk of developing anxiety or depressive symptoms.
“Individuals suffering from acquired brain injury (ABI), such as a traumatic brain injury (TBI) or a stroke are at increased risk of developing anxiety or depressive symptoms (Knapp et al., 2020; Kreutzer et al., 2001).”
From Acceptance and commitment therapy for individuals with depressive and anxiety symptoms following acquired brain injury: A non-concurrent multiple baseline design across four cases. (2023) · cites this paper as Knapp et al., 2020
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- Azanmasso, 2017, Benin Hospital/cross- sectional/ NR/NR NR 54.3 years HADS (cut off NR) >6 months 67 22.4 (12.4, 32.4) Summary of evidence 24 Summarize the main findings including the strength of evidence for each main outcome; consider their relevance to key groups (e.g., healthcare providers, users, and policy makers). 6-8 Limitations 25 Discuss limitations at study and outcome level (e.g., risk of bias), and at review-level (e.g., incomplete retrieval of identified research, reporting bias). 6-8 Conclusions 26 Provide a general interpretation of the results in the context of other evidence, and implications for future research. 6-8 FUNDING Funding 27 Describe sources of funding for the systematic review and other support (e.g., supply of data); role of funders for the systematic review.
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Factors Associated With Anxiety After Hemorrhagic Stroke
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Long-term psychological outcomes following stroke: The OX-CHRONIC studyPreprint
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Towards a Latin American neuropsychiatry: challenges and opportunities
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Rehabilitation in Animal Models of Stroke
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- Authors
- Knapp, P., Dunn-Roberts, A., Sahib, N., Cook, L., Astin, F., Kontou, E., & Thomas, S. A.
- Affiliations
- University of York (GB)
- Hull York Medical School (GB)
- University of Huddersfield (GB)
- University of Nottingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Knapp, Peter
- Venue
- International Journal of Stroke
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2020-01-24
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 244-255
- ISSN
- 1747-4930 (ISSN-L)
- 1747-4949
- OpenAlex
- W4214948227
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 7
- FWCI
- 2.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2021-08-04)
- Open access
- Locations
- International Journal of Stroke (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Huddersfield Research Portal (University of Huddersfield) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR-INF-2005)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Keywords
- anxiety, stroke, anxiety prevalence, anxiety subtypes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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