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Personality, Emotions, and the Emotional Disorders
Open accessAbstract
We examined symptom-level relations between the emotional disorders and general traits within the five-factor model of personality. Neuroticism correlated strongly with the symptoms of general distress/negative affectivity (depressed mood, anxious mood, worry) that are central to these disorders; more moderately with symptoms of social phobia, affective lability, panic, posttraumatic stress disorder, lassitude, checking, and obsessive intrusions; and more modestly with agoraphobia, specific phobia, and other symptoms of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Extraversion was negatively correlated with symptoms of social anxiety/social phobia and was positively related to scales that assess expansive positive mood and increased social engagement in bipolar disorder. Conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness showed weaker associations and generally added little to the prediction of these symptoms. It is noteworthy, moreover, that our key findings replicated well across (a) self-rated versus (b) interview-based symptom measures. We conclude by discussing the diagnostic and assessment implications of these data.
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“Another Big Five personality trait, extraversion - which refers to sociability and the tendency to draw energy from interacting with others - has clinical relevance for understanding certain anxiety disorders, including agoraphobia, specific phobia, and social anxiety disorder 138 .”
From The clinical characterization of the adult patient with an anxiety or related disorder aimed at personalization of management (2021) · cites this paper as [138]
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“Among the 'classic' traits from the five-factor (Big Five) model of personality, neuroticism - which refers to negative emotionality, or the persistent tendency to readily experience strong negative emotions - has shown the most robust association with anxiety 138 .”
From The clinical characterization of the adult patient with an anxiety or related disorder aimed at personalization of management (2021) · cites this paper as [138]
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“Neuroticism has been linked to increased symptoms of general anxiety, as well as symptoms of OCD, panic disorder, phobias, PTSD, and social anxiety disorder.”
From The clinical characterization of the adult patient with an anxiety or related disorder aimed at personalization of management (2021) · cites this paper as [138]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Watson, D., & Naragon-Gainey, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Notre Dame (US)
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York
- ORCID
- Watson, David
- Venue
- Clinical Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-06-30
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 422-442
- ISSN
- 2167-7026 (ISSN-L)
- 2167-7034
- PMC
- PMC4370336
- OpenAlex
- W2319511153
- Semantic Scholar
- 11dc69eeafa5d634232f528c2afad679b33f1ff1
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 21.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Clinical Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH068472)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- five-factor model of personality, neuroticism, extraversion, emotional disorders, depression, anxiety, social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, panic, negative affectivity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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