Improved Patient Experience and Outcomes: Is Patient–Provider Concordance the Key?
Open accessAbstract
Health disparities remain ubiquitous in the United States despite initiatives by the federal government and other organizations. A long-term solution for health inequity is needed in order to help improve patient outcomes for all. The purpose of this review is to examine if racial, gender, or multifactorial concordance (eg, race, age, gender, education, language) between patient and provider leads to a better patient experience and improved health outcomes. A PubMed search for articles published between 2016 and 2021 resulted in 23 separate studies that met inclusion criteria. The results from these studies were inconclusive in determining an association between patient–provider concordance and patient outcomes. Further research is needed to evaluate the positive, neutral, and sometimes negative impact of patient–provider concordance. By diversifying healthcare professions and improving cultural competency and communication training programs, providers may be better prepared to care for diverse populations in both concordant and discordant patient relationships.
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Previous studies on patient-clinician racial/ethnic or gender concordance have shown mixed or inconclusive results.
“Findings from these studies are varied: some suggest that patient-clinician racial/ethnic or gender concordance offers benefits [7-11], while others do not [12-14]. Moreover, a recent systematic review studying the association between racial, gender, and multifactorial concordance reported inconclusive results on patient outcomes, advocating for further research [15].”
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Ramanand, R., Marshall, K. L., Lan, M., Mustamand, M., Vu, B. T., Zainali, L., Siewe, M. S., Jackson, A. D., Mustapha, I. Z., & Gu, X. (2026) · Dentistry Journal · doi:10.3390/dj14030144
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Mirabal‐Beltran, R., Castellon, E. V., Spagna, L., Zhang, K., & Roberts, K. J. (2026) · Research in Nursing & Health · doi:10.1002/nur.70082
A Client Is More Than a Birthdate
Garrett, M. B. (2026) · Professional Case Management · doi:10.1097/ncm.0000000000000889
Şahin, M. K., Caferoğlu, E. C., Çalışıcı, M. B., & Timuroğlu, A. (2026) · Ahi Evran Medical Journal · doi:10.46332/aemj.1868984
Nasra, A. B., Abubakir, M., Sabbagh, L., Huseen, Z., Nasra, M., Alibrahim, M. W. A., Zeitoun, B., Kheder, M., & Morjan, M. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0359066
- Authors
- Otte, S. V.
- Affiliations
- Independent Scholar.
- Corresponding author
- Otte, Sonia V.
- ORCID
- Otte, Sonia V.
- Venue
- Journal of Patient Experience
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2022-01
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 23743735221103033-23743735221103033
- ISSN
- 2374-3735 (ISSN-L)
- 2374-3743
- PMC
- PMC9158407
- OpenAlex
- W4285055270
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 19.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Patient Experience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Showcase Research, Scholarship, & Creative Works (University of Lynchburg) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Cultural Competency in Health Care
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Diversity and Career in Medicine
- Keywords
- patient-provider concordance, health disparities, patient experience, patient outcomes, racial concordance, gender concordance, language concordance, cultural competence, communication training, health workforce diversity, patient-provider relationship
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