The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effect of second- and third-generation oral contraceptives on the protein C system in the absence or presence of the factor VLeiden mutation: a randomized trial
Open accessAbstract
A plausible mechanism to explain thrombotic risk differences associated with the use of second- and third-generation oral contraceptives (OCs), particularly in carriers of factor V(Leiden), is still lacking. In a double-blind trial, 51 women without and 35 women with factor V(Leiden) were randomized to either a second- (30 microg ethinylestradiol/150 microg levonorgestrel) or third- (30 microg ethinylestradiol/150 microg desogestrel) generation OC. After 2 cycles of use and a wash-out of 2 cycles, the participants continued with the corresponding progestagen-only preparation. Hemostatic variables that probe the activity of the anticoagulant protein C system were determined. Compared with levonorgestrel, desogestrel-containing OCs significantly decreased protein S and increased activated protein C (APC) resistance in both groups. OCs with desogestrel had the most pronounced effects in carriers of factor V(Leiden). Progestagen-only preparations caused changes of anticoagulant parameters opposite to those of combined OCs, which in a number of cases were more pronounced with levonorgestrel. Our data show that progestagens in combined OCs counteract the thrombotic effect of the estrogen component. The higher thrombotic risk associated with third-generation OCs compared with second-generation OCs may be explained by the fact that desogestrel appeared less antithrombotic than levonorgestrel, especially in women with factor V(Leiden).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In contrast, the credibility of much debated epidemiologic findings of a difference in thrombosis risk between different types of oral contraceptives was greatly enhanced by the differences in coagulation found in a randomised cross-over trial [ 214 ].”
From Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): Explanation and Elaboration (2007) · cites this paper as [214]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Simultaneously, a pronounced decrease in levels of Protein S antigen (total and free) has been noted with CHC use, more significantly with use of 3rd generation progesterone containing CHCs[63, 65, 66] and in post-menopausal women [64].”
From Estrogen and thrombosis: a bench to bedside review (2020) · cites this paper as [65]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Vandenbroucke, J. P., Koster, T., Rosendaal, F. R., Briët, E., Reitsma, P. H., & Bertina, R. M. (1994) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)90286-0 · Cited by 1,063
Jick, H., Jick, S. S., Myers, M. W., Vasilakis‐Scaramozza, C., & Gurewich, V. (1995) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91928-7 · Cited by 721
Inman, W. H. W., Vessey, M. P., Westerholm, B., & Engelund, A. (1970) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5703.203 · Cited by 609
Spitzer, W. O., Lewis, M. A., Heinemann, L. A. J., Thorogood, M., & MacRae, K. D. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7023.83 · Cited by 590
Bloemenkamp, K. W. M., Helmerhorst, F. M., Rosendaal, F. R., Vandenbroucke, J. P., & Buller, H. R. (1995) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91929-5 · Cited by 576
Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with a Partial Deficiency of Protein S
Comp, P. C., & Esmon, C. T. (1984) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198412133112401 · Cited by 498
Oral Contraceptives and Cardiovascular Disease
Stadel, B. V. (1981) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198109103051104 · Cited by 494
World Health Organization Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception (1995) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91927-9 · Cited by 453
Association of idiopathic venous thromboembolism with single point-mutation at Arg506 of factor V
Voorberg, J., Roelse, J., Mertens, K., van MOURIK, J. A., Koopman, R., Buller, H. R., Berends, F. J., & ten Cate, J. W. (1994) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)92939-4 · Cited by 426
Rosing, J., Tans, G., Nicolaes, G. A. F., Thomassen, M. C. L. G. D., Van Oerle, R., Van DerPloeg, P. M. E. N., Heijnen, P., Hamulyak, K., & Hemker, H. C. (1997) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.1997.192707.x · Cited by 325
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Vandenbroucke, J. P., von Elm, E., Altman, D. G., Gøtzsche, P. C., Mulrow, C. D., Pocock, S. J., Poole, C., Schlesselman, J. J., Egger, M., & Initiative, F. T. S. (2007) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0040297 · Cited by 8,613
“In contrast, the credibility of much debated epidemiologic findings of a difference in thrombosis risk between different types of oral contraceptives was greatly enhanced by the differences in coagulation found in a randomized cross-over trial.(214) A discussion of the existing external evidence, from different types…”
Vandenbroucke, J. P., Elm, E. V., Altman, D. G., Gøtzsche, P. C., Mulrow, C. D., Pocock, S. J., Poole, C., Schlesselman, J. J., Egger, M., & initiative, F. T. S. (2007) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010-w1 · Cited by 3,543
Vandenbroucke, J. P., von Elm, E., Altman, D. G., Gøtzsche, P. C., Mulrow, C. D., Pocock, S. J., Poole, C., Schlesselman, J. J., & Egger, M. (2014) · International Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.07.014 · Cited by 2,969
Vandenbroucke, J. P., von Elm, E., Altman, D. G., Gøtzsche, P. C., Mulrow, C. D., Pocock, S. J., Poole, C., Schlesselman, J. J., & Egger, M. (2007) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e3181577511 · Cited by 2,779
Wu, O., Robertson, L., Twaddle, S., Lowe, G. D. O., Clark, P., Greaves, M., Walker, I. D., Langhorne, P., Brenkel, I., Regan, L., et al. (2006) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta10110 · Cited by 489
Metadata
- Authors
- Kemmeren, J. M., Algra, A., Meijers, J. C. M., Tans, G., Bouma, B. N., Curvers, J., Rosing, J., & Grobbee, D. E.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Venue
- Blood
- Publisher
- American Society of Hematology
- Published
- 2004-02-01
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 927-933
- ISSN
- 0006-4971 (ISSN-L)
- 1528-0020
- OpenAlex
- W2130928200
- Cited by
- 157
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 3.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Blood (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Internal Medicine › Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Platelet Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- oral contraceptives, factor V Leiden, protein C system, protein S, activated protein C resistance, desogestrel, levonorgestrel, progestogens, thrombosis risk, ethinyl estradiol, anticoagulant activity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Contraceptives, Oral, Combined, Ethinyl Estradiol, Factor V, Female, Humans, Mutation, Protein C, Risk Factors, Thrombosis, Levonorgestrel, Desogestrel
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
