Treated secondary acute myeloid leukemia: a distinct high-risk subset of AML with adverse prognosis

The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia

Arber, D. A., Orazi, A., Hasserjian, R., Thiele, J., Borowitz, M. J., Le Beau, M. M., Bloomfield, C. D., Cazzola, M., & Vardiman, J. W. (2016) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2016-03-643544 · Cited by 10,119

BIOCHEMISTRY OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE MEDIATED BY THE MULTIDRUG TRANSPORTER

Gottesman, M. M., & PASTAN, I. (1993) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.62.070193.002125 · Cited by 3,569

Diagnosis and management of acute myeloid leukemia in adults: recommendations from an international expert panel, on behalf of the European LeukemiaNet

Döhner, H., Estey, E. H., Amadori, S., Appelbaum, F. R., Büchner, T., Burnett, A. K., Dombret, H., Fenaux, P., Grimwade, D. J., Larson, R. A., et al. (2009) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2009-07-235358 · Cited by 3,438

The 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms and beyond: evolving concepts and practical applications

Campo, E., Swerdlow, S. H., Harris, N. L., Pileri, S. A., Stein, H., & Jaffe, E. S. (2011) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2011-01-293050 · Cited by 2,007

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Greenberg, P. L., Attar, E. C., Bennett, J. M., Bloomfield, C. D., Borate, U., Castro, C. M. D., Deeg, H. J., Frankfurt, O., Gaensler, K. M. L., Garcia-Manero, G., et al. (2013) · Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network · doi:10.6004/jnccn.2013.0104 · Cited by 1,625

Age and acute myeloid leukemia

Appelbaum, F. R., Gundacker, H. M., Head, D. R., Slovak, M. L., Willman, C. L., Godwin, J. E., Anderson, J. E., & Petersdorf, S. H. (2006) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2005-09-3724 · Cited by 1,371

Acute myeloid leukemia ontogeny is defined by distinct somatic mutations

Lindsley, R. C., Mar, B. G., Mazzola, E., Grauman, P. V., Shareef, S., Allen, S. L., Pigneux, A., Wetzler, M., Stuart, R. K., Erba, H. P., et al. (2015) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2014-11-610543 · Cited by 991

Frequency of prolonged remission duration after high-dose cytarabine intensification in acute myeloid leukemia varies by cytogenetic subtype.

Bloomfield, C. D., Lawrence, D. D., Byrd, J. C., Carroll, A. J., Pettenati, M. J., Tantravahi, R. V., Patil, S., Davey, F. R., Berg, D. T., Schiffer, C. A., et al. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 682

Results of intensive chemotherapy in 998 patients age 65 years or older with acute myeloid leukemia or high‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome:

Kantarjian, H. M., O'Brien, S. M., Cortes, J. E., Giles, F. J., Faderl, S. H., Jabbour, E. J., Garcia‐Manero, G., Wierda, W. G., Pierce, S. A., Shan, J., et al. (2006) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.21723 · Cited by 608

The impact of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (AML) on outcome in 2853 adult patients with newly diagnosed AML

Kayser, S., Döhner, K., Krauter, J., Köhne, C.-H., Horst, H. A., Held, G., von Lilienfeld-Toal, M., Wilhelm, S., Kündgen, A., Götze, K., et al. (2011) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2010-08-301713 · Cited by 487

Epidemiology and Clinical Significance of Secondary and Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A National Population-Based Cohort Study

Østgård, L. S. G., Medeiros, B. C., Sengeløv, H., Nørgaard, M., Andersen, M. K., Dufva, I. H., Friis, L. S., Kjeldsen, E., Marcher, C. W., Preiss, B., et al. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2014.60.0890 · Cited by 451

Prognostic Significance of the European LeukemiaNet Standardized System for Reporting Cytogenetic and Molecular Alterations in Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Mrózek, K., Marcucci, G., Nicolet, D., Maharry, K. S., Becker, H., Whitman, S. P., Metzeler, K. H., Schwind, S., Wu, Y.-Z., Kohlschmidt, J., et al. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2012.43.4738 · Cited by 415

Multidrug resistance (mdr1) gene expression in adult acute leukemias: correlations with treatment outcome and in vitro drug sensitivity

Marie, J., Zittoun, R., & Sikic, B. (1991) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v78.3.586.586 · Cited by 393

High-dose cytosine arabinoside therapy for refractory leukemia

Herzig, R. H., Wolff, S., Lazarus, H., Phillips, G. L., Karanes, C., & Herzig, G. P. (1983) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v62.2.361.361 · Cited by 372

Myelodysplastic syndromes

Nimer, S. D. (2008) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2007-08-078139 · Cited by 339

Cytogenetics and age are major determinants of outcome in intensively treated acute myeloid leukemia patients older than 60 years: results from AMLSG trial AML HD98-B

Fröhling, S., Schlenk, R. F., Käyser, S., Morhardt, M., Benner, A., Döhner, K., Döhner, H., & for the German-Austrian AML Study Group (2006) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2006-04-014324 · Cited by 300

Treatment-Related Risk Factors for Transformation to Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Björkholm, M., Derolf, Å. R., Hultcrantz, M. L., Kristinsson, S. Y., Ekstrand, C., Goldin, L. R., Andréasson, B., Birgegård, G., Linder, O., Malm, C., et al. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2011.34.7542 · Cited by 244

Mechanisms of resistance to 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine in human cancer cell lines

Qin, T., Jelı́nek, J., Si, J., Shu, J., & Issa, J. J. (2008) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2008-02-140038 · Cited by 238

Therapy-related leukemia and myelodysplasia: susceptibility and incidence

Leone, G., Pagano, L., Ben-Yehuda, D., & Voso, M. T. (2007) · Haematologica · doi:10.3324/haematol.11034 · Cited by 236

Myelodysplastic syndrome and aplastic anemia: distinct entities or diseases linked by a common pathophysiology?

Barrett, J., Saunthararajah, Y., & Molldrem, J. (2000) · Seminars in Hematology · doi:10.1016/s0037-1963(00)90027-1 · Cited by 207

Risk factors for evolution of acquired aplastic anemia into myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia after immunosuppressive therapy in children

Kojima, S., Ohara, A., Tsuchida, M., Kudoh, T., Hanada, R., Okimoto, Y., Kaneko, T., Takano, T., Ikuta, K., & Tsukimoto, I. (2002) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v100.3.786 · Cited by 191

Results of Intensive Chemotherapy in 998 Patients Aged 65 Years or Older with Acute Myeloid Leukemia or High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome - Predictive Prognostic Models for Outcome.

Jabbour, E. J., Kantarjian, H. M., O'Brien, S. M., Cortes, J. E., Giles, F. J., Faderl, S. H., Garcia‐Manero, G., Wierda, W. G., Pierce, S. A., Shan, J., et al. (2005) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v106.11.1846.1846 · Cited by 183

Clinical characterization of acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes as defined by the 2008 WHO classification system

Weinberg, O. K., Seetharam, M., Ren, L., Seo, K., Ma, L., Merker, J. D., Gotlib, J. R., Zehnder, J. L., & Arber, D. A. (2009) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2008-10-182782 · Cited by 165

Altered methylation of the human MDR1 promoter is associated with acquired multidrug resistance.

Kantharidis, P., El‐Osta, A., DeSilva, M., Wall, D. M., Hu, X. F., Slater, A. A., Nadalin, G., Parkin, J. D., & Zalcberg, J. R. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 144

Cladribine combined with high doses of arabinoside cytosine, mitoxantrone, and G‐CSF (CLAG‐M) is a highly effective salvage regimen in patients with refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia of the poor risk: a final report of the Polish Adult Leukemia Group

Wierzbowska, A., Robak, T., Pluta, A., Wawrzyniak, E., Cebula‐Obrzut, B., Hołowiecki, J., Kyrcz‐Krzemień, S., Grosicki, S., Giebel, S., Skotnicki, A. B., et al. (2007) · European Journal Of Haematology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.2007.00988.x · Cited by 141

Mutation analysis for RUNX1, MLL-PTD, FLT3-ITD, NPM1 and NRAS in 269 patients with MDS or secondary AML

Dicker, F., Haferlach, C., Sundermann, J., Wendland, N., Weiss, T., Kern, W., Haferlach, T., & Schnittger, S. (2010) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2010.124 · Cited by 140

How Cancer Shapes Evolution and How Evolution Shapes Cancer

Casás‐Selves, M., & DeGregori, J. V. (2011) · Evolution Education and Outreach · doi:10.1007/s12052-011-0373-y · Cited by 134

FLAG-IDA in the treatment of refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia: single-center experience

Pastore, D., Specchia, G., Carluccio, P., Liso, A., Mestice, A., Rizzi, R., Greco, G., Buquicchio, C., & Liso, V. (2003) · Annals of Hematology · doi:10.1007/s00277-003-0624-2 · Cited by 104

Etiology and Management of Therapy-Related Myeloid Leukemia

Larson, R. A. (2007) · Hematology · doi:10.1182/asheducation-2007.1.453 · Cited by 95

Is secondary leukemia an independent poor prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia?

Larson, R. A. (2007) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology · doi:10.1016/j.beha.2006.10.006 · Cited by 90

High-Dose Cytarabine (HD araC) in the Treatment of Leukemias: a Review

Reese, N., & Schiller, G. J. (2013) · Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports · doi:10.1007/s11899-013-0156-3 · Cited by 87

Outcomes after induction chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia arising from myelodysplastic syndrome

Bello, C. M., Yu, D., Komrokji, R. S., Zhu, W., Wetzstein, G. A., List, A. F., & Lancet, J. E. (2010) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.25598 · Cited by 82

Dynamic acquisition of FLT3 or RAS alterations drive a subset of patients with lower risk MDS to secondary AML

Takahashi, K., Jabbour, E. J., Wang, X., Luthra, R., Bueso‐Ramos, C. E., Patel, K. P., Pierce, S. A., Yang, H., Wei, Y., Daver, N. G., et al. (2013) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2013.165 · Cited by 64

Mutation Patterns of 16 Genes in Primary and Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) with Normal Cytogenetics

Fernández‐Mercado, M., Yip, B. H., Pellagatti, A., Davies, C. H., Larráyoz, M. J., Kondo, T., Pérez, C., Killick, S. B., McDonald, E.-J., Odero, M. D., et al. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042334 · Cited by 64

Reasons for treating secondary AML as de novo AML

Østgård, L. S. G., Kjeldsen, E., Holm, M. S., Brown, P. D. N., Pedersen, B. B., Bendix, K., Johansen, P., Kristensen, J. S., & Nørgaard, J. M. (2010) · European Journal Of Haematology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.2010.01464.x · Cited by 57

Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms

Czader, M., & Orazi, A. (2009) · American Journal of Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1309/ajcpd85mcohhcomq · Cited by 57

Outcome of acute myeloid leukaemia following myelodysplastic syndrome after azacitidine treatment failure

Prébet, T., Gore, S. D., Thépot, S., Esterni, B., Quesnel, B., Beyne‐Rauzy, O., Dreyfus, F., Gardin, C., Fenaux, P., & Vey, N. (2012) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2012.09076.x · Cited by 56

Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Foucar, K. (2009) · American Journal of Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1309/ajcpj71ptvikgevt · Cited by 49

An accumulation of cytogenetic and molecular genetic events characterizes the progression from MDS to secondary AML: an analysis of 38 paired samples analyzed by cytogenetics, molecular mutation analysis and SNP microarray profiling

Flach, J., Dicker, F., Schnittger, S., Schindela, S., Kohlmann, A., Haferlach, T., Kern, W., & Haferlach, C. (2011) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2010.304 · Cited by 41

Twice-Daily Fludarabine and Cytarabine Combination With or Without Gentuzumab Ozogamicin is Effective in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia, High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome, and Blast- Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Jabbour, E. J., Garcia‐Manero, G., Cortes, J. E., Ravandi, F., Plunkett, W. K., Gandhi, V. V., Faderl, S. H., O'Brien, S. M., Borthakur, G. M., Kadia, T. M., et al. (2012) · Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma & Leukemia · doi:10.1016/j.clml.2012.03.003 · Cited by 35

Transformation of myelodysplastic syndromes into acute myeloid leukemias.

Shi, J., Shao, Z., Liu, H. S., Bai, J., Cao, Y., He, G., Tu, M., Wang, X., Hao, Y., Yang, T., et al. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 33

Cytogenetic findings in adult secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML): frequency of favorable and adverse chromosomal aberrations do not differ from adult de novo AML

Preiss, B., Bergmann, O. J., Friis, L. S., Sørensen, A. G., Frederiksen, M., Gadeberg, O., Mourits‐Andersen, T., Oestergaard, B., & Kerndrup, G. B. (2010) · Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics · doi:10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2010.06.013 · Cited by 31

Analyzing transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome to secondary acute myeloid leukemia using a large patient database

Shukron, O., Vainstein, V., Kündgen, A., Germing, U., & Agur, Z. (2012) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.23257 · Cited by 30

Blockade of invariant TCR-CD1d interaction specifically inhibits antibody production against blood group A carbohydrates

Tazawa, H., Irei, T., Tanaka, Y., Igarashi, Y., Tashiro, H., & Ohdan, H. (2013) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2012-02-407452 · Cited by 30

Alternative novel therapies for the treatment of elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients

Isidori, A., Venditti, A., Maurillo, L., Buccisano, F., Loscocco, F., Manduzio, P., Sparaventi, G., Amadori, S., & Visani, G. (2013) · Expert Review of Hematology · doi:10.1586/17474086.2013.858018 · Cited by 27

Secondary acute myeloid leukemia

Bennett, J. M. (1995) · Leukemia Research · doi:10.1016/0145-2126(95)00049-t · Cited by 20

High-dose cytosine arabinoside therapy for refractory leukemia

Herzig, R., Wolff, S. N., Lazarus, H. M., et al. (1983) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v62.2.361.bloodjournal622361 · Cited by 15

Acute Myeloid Leukemia Following a Myeloproliferative Neoplasm: Clinical Characteristics, Genetic Features and Effects of Therapy

Heaney, M. L., & Soriano, G. (2013) · Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports · doi:10.1007/s11899-013-0154-5 · Cited by 14

Survival benefits with transplantation in secondary AML evolving from myelodysplastic syndrome with hypomethylating treatment failure

Shin, S.-H., Yahng, S.-A., Yoon, J.-H., Lee, S. U., Cho, B.-S., Eom, K.-S., Lee, S., Min, C.-K., Kim, H.-J., Cho, S.-G., et al. (2012) · Bone Marrow Transplantation · doi:10.1038/bmt.2012.214 · Cited by 14

Molecular, Cytogenetic and Genetic Abnormalities in MDS and Secondary AML

Padua, R. A., McGlynn, A., & McGlynn, H. (2001) · Cancer treatment and research · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1463-3_8 · Cited by 13

Evolving Therapies in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Progress at Last?

DeAngelo, D. J., Stein, E. M., & Ravandi, F. (2016) · American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book · doi:10.14694/edbk_161258 · Cited by 12

[Clinical analysis of 24 cases of acute myeloid leukemia with 3q abnormalities].

Lu, Y., Chen, Z., Xu, W., Mu, Q., & Jin, J. (2010) · PubMed · doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2010.03.005 · Cited by 2

Assessment Of Human Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1 (hENT1) – Expression By Flow Cytometry In Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Correlation To Clinical Outcome In Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated With Intensive Chemotherapy

Bellos, F., Davis, B. H., Culp, N. B., Booij, B. B., Schnittger, S., Haferlach, C., Haferlach, T., & Kern, W. (2013) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v122.21.2582.2582 · Cited by 2

High-dose cytosine arabinoside therapy for refractory leukemia.

Fey, M. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 1

High-dose cytosine arabinoside therapy for refractory leukemia [letter]

Fey, M. F. (1984) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v64.3.758a.758a · Cited by 1

High-dose cytosine arabinoside therapy for refractory leukemia [letter]

Fey, M. (1984) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v64.3.758a.bloodjournal643758a · Cited by 1

Epidemiology of acute myeloid leukemia: Recent progress and enduring challenges

Shallis, R. M., Wang, R., Davidoff, A. J., Ma, X., & Zeidan, A. M. (2019) · Blood Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.blre.2019.04.005 · Cited by 980

Osteosarcoma

Beird, H. C., Bielack, S. S., Flanagan, A. M., Gill, J., Heymann, D., Janeway, K. A., Livingston, J. A., Roberts, R. D., Strauss, S. J., & Gorlick, R. (2022) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-022-00409-y · Cited by 660

10-day decitabine with venetoclax for newly diagnosed intensive chemotherapy ineligible, and relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukaemia: a single-centre, phase 2 trial

Dinardo, C. D., Maiti, A., Rausch, C. R., Pemmaraju, N., Naqvi, K., Daver, N. G., Kadia, T. M., Borthakur, G. M., Ohanian, M. N., Alvarado, Y., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Haematology · doi:10.1016/s2352-3026(20)30210-6 · Cited by 324

How I treat acute myeloid leukemia in the era of new drugs

Dinardo, C. D., & Wei, A. H. (2019) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2019001239 · Cited by 293

Prognostic and therapeutic impacts of mutant TP53 variant allelic frequency in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia

Short, N. J., Bravo, G. M., Hwang, H., Ning, J., Franquiz, M. J., Kanagal‐Shamanna, R., Patel, K. P., Dinardo, C. D., Ravandi, F., Garcia‐Manero, G., et al. (2020) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003120 · Cited by 188

Adverse karyotype amplifies risk in secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and AML with myelodysplasia-related changes

Matsukawa, T., Yoshida, S. Y., Onozawa, M., Fujii, F., Nagai, J., Takahashi, T., Ota, S., Hashiguchi, J., Mori, A., Miyagishima, T., et al. (2026) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.31310112

Differential Induction Among Younger Patients Diagnosed with Secondary Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Is Feasible By Cytogenetic/Molecular Risk Stratification

Afrough, A., Talukder, R., Yellapragada, S. V., Teegavarapu, P. S., Mims, M. P., & Rivero, G. (2019) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2019-129183

Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia (sAML): Similarly Dismal Outcomes of AML After an Antecedent Hematologic Disorder and Therapy Related AML

Lalayanni, C., Gavriilaki, E., Athanasiadou, A., Iskas, M., Papathanasiou, M., Marvaki, A., Dimou-Mpesikli, S., Papaioannou, G., Mallouri, D., Batsis, I., et al. (2021) · Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma & Leukemia · doi:10.1016/j.clml.2021.09.019 · Cited by 17

Outcomes of Patients With Treated Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A High‐Risk Subtype That Warrants an Independent Prognostic Designation

Senapati, J., Kantarjian, H. M., Haddad, F., Short, N. J., Borthakur, G. M., Kanagal‐Shamanna, R., Tang, G., Jabbour, E. J., Dinardo, C. D., Daver, N. G., et al. (2024) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.27561 · Cited by 17

Characterization and Prognosis of Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia in an Asian Population: AML With Antecedent Hematological Disease Confers Worst Outcomes, Irrespective of Cytogenetic Risk

Kim, S., Yoon, S., Hong, J., Shin, D., Koh, Y., Byun, J. M., & Kim, I. (2020) · Anticancer Research · doi:10.21873/anticanres.14269 · Cited by 17