The respiratory health effects of nitrogen dioxide in children with asthma
Open accessAbstract
There is growing evidence that asthma symptoms can be aggravated or events triggered by exposure to indoor nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) emitted from unflued gas heating. The impact of NO 2 on the respiratory health of children with asthma was explored as a secondary analysis of a randomised community trial, involving 409 households during the winter period in 2006 (June to September). Geometric mean indoor NO 2 levels were 11.4 μg·m−3, while outdoor NO 2 levels were 7.4 μg·m−3. Higher indoor NO 2 levels (per logged unit increase) were associated with greater daily reports of lower (mean ratio 14, 95% CI 1.12–1.16) and upper respiratory tract symptoms (mean ratio 1.03, 95% CI 1.00–1.05), more frequent cough and wheeze, and more frequent reliever use during the day, but had no effect on preventer use. Higher indoor NO 2 levels (per logged unit increase) were associated with a decrease in morning (-17.25 mL, 95% CI -27.63– -6.68) and evening (-13.21, 95% CI -26.03– -0.38) forced expiratory volume in 1 s readings. Outdoor NO 2 was not associated with respiratory tract symptoms, asthma symptoms, medication use or lung function measurements. These findings indicate that reducing NO 2 exposure indoors is important in improving the respiratory health of children with asthma.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Higher indoor temperatures and reduced levels of NO2 had a small but significant positive association with short-term variations in the lung function of children with asthma, who suffered greater upper and lower respiratory symptoms and used reliever medication more frequently.
“Measurements of daily lung function and hourly indoor temperature showed that higher indoor temperatures and reduced levels of NO2 had a small, but significant positive association, with short-term variations in the lung function of children with asthma, who suffered greater upper and lower respiratory symptomsandusedreliever medication more frequently (51,127).”
From Review of the Impact of Housing Quality on Inequalities in Health and Well-Being (2023) · cites this paper as [51]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Brunekreef, B., & Holgate, S. T. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)11274-8 · Cited by 4,701 · see citing works
Who Regional Office for Europe (2006) · Cited by 1,531 · see citing works
Personal sampler for nitrogen dioxide
Palmes, E. D., Gunnison, A. F., DiMattio, J., et al. (1976) · American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal · doi:10.1080/0002889768507522 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
Children's Response to Air Pollutants
Bateson, T. F., & Schwartz, J. D. (2007) · Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health · doi:10.1080/15287390701598234 · Cited by 452 · see citing works
Personal exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and the severity of virus-induced asthma in children
Chauhan, A., Inskip, H. M., Linaker, C., Smith, S. H., Schreiber, J., Johnston, S. L., & Holgate, S. T. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13582-9 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Tunnicliffe, W. S. (1994) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)92886-x · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Howden‐Chapman, P., Pierse, N., Nicholls, S., Bennett, J., Viggers, H. E., Cunningham, M. J., Phipps, R., Boulic, M., Fjällström, P., Free, S., et al. (2008) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.a1411 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Self-citationLatza, U., Gerdes, S., & Baur, X. (2008) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2008.06.003 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Belanger, K. D. (2003) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwg148 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Association of Indoor Nitrogen Dioxide with Respiratory Symptoms and Pulmonary Function in Children
Neas, L., Dockery, D. W., Ware, J. H., et al. (1991) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116073 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Jarvis, D., Chinn, S. H. F., Luczynska, C. M., & Burney, P. (1996) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)90009-4 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Effect of outdoor and indoor nitrogen dioxide on respiratory symptoms in schoolchildren
Shima, M., & Adachi, M. (2000) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/29.5.862 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Association of Indoor Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure with Respiratory Symptoms in Children with Asthma
Belanger, K. D., Gent, J. F., Triche, E. W., Bracken, M. B., & Leaderer, B. P. (2005) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200408-1123oc · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Inhalation of 0.30 ppm nitrogen dioxide potentiates exercise-induced bronchospasm in asthmatics.
Bauer, M. A., Utell, M. J., Morrow, P. E., et al. (1986) · PubMed · doi:10.1164/arrd.1986.134.6.1203 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Sakai, K., Norbäck, D., Mi, Y., et al. (2003) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/s0013-9351(03)00140-3 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Respiratory Symptoms in Children and Indoor Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide and Gas Stoves
Garrett, M., Hooper, M. A., Hooper, B. M., & Abramson, M. J. (1998) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.3.9701084 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Respiratory effects associated with indoor nitrogen dioxide exposure in children
Pilotto, L., Douglas, R., Attewell, R. G., et al. (1997) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/26.4.788 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Cesaroni, G., Badaloní, C., Porta, D., Forastiere, F., & Perucci, C. A. (2008) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oem.2007.037846 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
The Risk of Nitrogen Dioxide: What have we Learned from Epidemiological and Clinical Studies?
Samet, J. M., & Utell, M. J. (1990) · Toxicology and Industrial Health · doi:10.1177/074823379000600204 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Pilotto, L. (2004) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyh018 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Does Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure Increase Airways Responsiveness?
Folinsbee, L. J. (1992) · Toxicology and Industrial Health · doi:10.1177/074823379200800505 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Indoor nitrous acid and respiratory symptoms and lung function in adults
Jarvis, D. (2005) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thx.2004.032177 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Linaker, C. (2000) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thorax.55.11.930 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Influence of exposure mode on the toxicity of NO2.
Gardner, D. E., Miller, F. J., Blommer, E. J., et al. (1979) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.793023 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Simoni, M., Carrozzi, L., Baldacci, S., et al. (2002) · Archives of Environmental Health An International Journal · doi:10.1080/00039890209602928 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Graham, J. A., Gardner, D. E., Blommer, E. J., et al. (1987) · Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health · doi:10.1080/15287398709531006 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Salome, C., Brown, N. J., Marks, G. B., et al. (1996) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/09031936.96.09050910 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Respiratory health effects of nitrogen dioxide exposure and current guidelines
Nitschke, M. (1999) · International Journal of Environmental Health Research · doi:10.1080/09603129973344 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Concentrations and determinants of NO2 in homes of Ashford, UK and Barcelona and Menorca, Spain
García‐Algar, Ó., Pichini, S., Basagaña, X., Puig, C., Vall, O., Torrent, M., Harris, J. M., Sunyer, J., & Cullinan, P. (2004) · Indoor Air · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00256.x · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Indoor NO2 air pollution and lung function of professional cooks
Arbex, M. A., Martins, L. C., Pereira, L. A. A., et al. (2007) · Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research · doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2007000400011 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Gillespie-Bennett, J., Pierse, N., Wickens, K., Crane, J., Nicholls, S., Shields, D., Boulic, M., Viggers, H., Baker, M., Woodward, A., et al. (2008) · Indoor Air · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2008.00554.x · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationCrane, J., Ellis, I., Siebers, R. W. L., Grimmet, D., Lewis, S., & Fitzharris, P. (1998) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03971.x · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationPonsonby, A., Glasgow, N., Gatenby, P. A., Mullins, R. J., McDonald, T., Hurwitz, M., Pradith, B., & Attewell, R. G. (2001) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01168.x · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Nitrogen dioxide and respiratory illness in children. Part I: Health outcomes.
Samet, J. M., Lambert, W. E., SKIPPER, B. J., Cushing, A. H., Hunt, W. C., Young, S. A., McLaren, L. C., Schwab, M., & Spengler, J. D. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Comparison of peak and average nitrogen dioxide concentrations inside homes
Franklin, P., Runnion, T., FARRAR, D., et al. (2006) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.06.042 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Nitrogen dioxide, gas heating and respiratory illness
Pilotto, L., Douglas, R. M., & Samet, J. M. (1997) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1997.tb125071.x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Pathophysiologic Responses of Sheep to Brief High-Level Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure
Januszkiewicz, A. J., Snapper, J. R., Sturgis, J. W., et al. (1992) · Inhalation Toxicology · doi:10.3109/08958379209145314 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Effects of Personal Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide on Peak Expiratory Flow in Asthmatic Patients
Kwon, H., Lee, S. G., Jee, Y., et al. (2007) · Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.59 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Turning Up the Heat! Nitrogen Dioxide in Nelson Homes, New Zealand
Kingham, S., & Petrović, N. (2005) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Kingham S, Petrovic N. Nitrogen dioxide in Nelson homes, New Zealand. Clean Air Environ Qual J 2005; 39: 5.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Indoor Exposure to Selected Air Pollutants in the Home Environment: A Systematic Review
Vardoulakis, S., Giagloglou, E., Steinle, S., Davis, A., Sleeuwenhoek, A., Galea, K. S., Dixon, K., & Crawford, J. O. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17238972 · Cited by 545 · see citing works
Review of the Impact of Housing Quality on Inequalities in Health and Well-Being
Howden-Chapman, P., Bennett, J., Edwards, R., Jacobs, D., Nathan, K., & Ormandy, D. (2023) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071521-111836 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citationModelling the effects of low indoor temperatures on the lung function of children with asthma
Pierse, N., Arnold, R., Keall, M., Howden-Chapman, P., Crane, J., Cunningham, M., & the Heating Housing and Health Study Group (2013) · Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2013-202632 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Gillespie-Bennett, J., Pierse, N., Wickens, K., Crane, J., Howden-Chapman, P., & and the Housing Heating and Health Study Research Team
- Affiliations
- Jagiellonian University (PL)
- University of Otago (NZ)
- Venue
- European Respiratory Journal
- Publisher
- European Respiratory Society (ERS)
- Published
- 2010-12-22
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 303-309
- ISSN
- 0903-1936 (ISSN-L)
- 1399-3003
- OpenAlex
- W2099473005
- Cited by
- 98
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Respiratory Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka (Figshare) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Victoria University of Wellington
- Funders
- University of Otago
- Massey University
- Victoria University
- School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Keywords
- nitrogen dioxide, indoor air pollution, childhood asthma, respiratory symptoms, cough, wheezing, lung function, FEV1, outdoor air pollution, winter
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Asthma, Child, Cough, Female, Humans, Male, Nitrogen Dioxide, Respiratory Function Tests, Respiratory Tract Infections, Seasons, Sneezing, Air Pollution, Indoor
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
