The effect of treatment for sleep apnoea on determinants of blood pressure control
Open accessAbstract
Our aim was to assess the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on the nocturnal evolution of peripheral chemosensitivity, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activity, sympathetic tone and endothelial biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients with isolated nocturnal hypertension (INH) or day–night sustained hypertension (D-NSH). In a crossover randomised trial, 32 OSA patients newly diagnosed with hypertension and without antihypertensive treatment were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of CPAP or sham CPAP. Peripheral chemosensitivity was evaluated before and after sleep using the hypoxic withdrawal test (%Δ VI). At baseline, D-NSH patients showed higher %Δ VI before sleep and higher levels of aldosterone and diurnal catecholamines. CPAP only reduced the nocturnal increase of %Δ VI in INH patients (6.9%, 95% CI 1.0–12.8%; p=0.026). CPAP-induced change from baseline in %Δ VI after sleep was 7.5% (95% CI 2.6–12.2%, p=0.005) in the INH group and 5.7% (95% CI 2.2–9.3%, p=0.004) in the D-NSH group. In contrast, %Δ VI before sleep only decreased with CPAP in the D-NSH patients (3.0%, 95% CI 0.5–5.6%; p=0.023). In conclusion, CPAP reduces the nocturnal increase of peripheral chemosensitivity experienced by INH patients and corrects the high daytime sensitivity of patients with D-NSH. Differences in response to CPAP between these patients can help better understand the mechanisms of perpetuation of hypertension in sleep apnoea.
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Better oxygenation through night-time continuous positive air pressure reduces nocturnal hypertension and reduces catecholamines and aldosterone secretion.
“Further, better oxygenation through night‐time continuous positive air pressure reduces nocturnal hypertension 65 and reduces catecholamines and aldosterone secretion 66.”
From The Circadian Syndrome: is the Metabolic Syndrome and much more! (2019) · cites this paper as [66]
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Lesske J, Fletcher EC, Bao G, et al. Hypertension caused by chronic intermittent hypoxia -influence of chemoreceptors and sympathetic nervous system. J Hypertens 1997; 15: 1593-1603.
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The Circadian Syndrome: is the Metabolic Syndrome and much more!
Zimmet, P., Alberti, K. G. M. M., Stern, N., Bilu, C., El‐Osta, A., Einat, H., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2019) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.12924 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
- Authors
- Casitas, R., Martínez-Cerón, E., Galera, R., Cubillos-Zapata, C., González-Villalba, M. J., Fernández-Navarro, I., Sánchez, B., García-Sánchez, A., Zamarrón, E., & García-Río, F.
- Affiliations
- Hospital Universitario La Paz (ES)
- Venue
- European Respiratory Journal
- Publisher
- European Respiratory Society (ERS)
- Published
- 2017-11
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1701261
- ISSN
- 0903-1936 (ISSN-L)
- 1399-3003
- OpenAlex
- W2768132077
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 1.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Respiratory Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Sociedad Madrileña de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (02-200)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- obstructive sleep apnea, continuous positive airway pressure, isolated nocturnal hypertension, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, aldosterone, catecholamines, sympathetic tone, endothelial markers, blood pressure control
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aldosterone, Blood Pressure, Catecholamines, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Middle Aged, Sleep, Spain, Treatment Outcome, Cross-Over Studies, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
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