Effects of rhaponticum carthamoides versus glycyrrhiza glabra and punica granatum extracts on metabolic syndrome signs in rats
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Rhaponticum cathamoides (RC) is an endemic wild Siberian herb with marked medicinal properties that are still poorly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic potential of RC extract (ERC) compared to the effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (EGG) and Punica granatum extracts (EPG) in a rat model with high-fat diet-(HFD)-induced signs of metabolic syndrome; therefore, this study addresses a significant global public health problem. METHODS: Six-month-old male Wistar Albino Glaxo rats were subjected to eight weeks of a standard diet (SD), HFD, or HFD in which ERC, EGG, or EPG powders were incorporated at 300 mg/kg/day. The serum lipid profile, corticosterone and cytokine concentrations, glucose tolerance, systolic blood pressure, triacylglycerol accumulation, and PPARα DNA-binding activities in the liver samples were determined. RESULTS: In contrast to EGG and EPG, an ERC supplement significantly reduced the weight of epididymal tissue (19.0%, p < 0.01) and basal serum glucose level (19.4%, p < 0.05). ERC improved glucose intolerance as well as dyslipidemia more efficiently than EGG and EPG. EGG but not ERC or EPG supplementation decreased systolic blood pressure by 12.0% (p < 0.05). All of the tested extracts reduced serum IL6 and corticosterone levels induced by HFD. However, the lowering effects of ERC consumption on the serum TNF-α level and its restoring effect on the adrenal corticosterone level significantly exceeded the improvements induced by EGG and EPG. ERC intake also reduced triacylglycerol accumulation and increased the PPARα DNA-binding activity in the liver more significantly than EGG and EPG. CONCLUSIONS: ERC powder supplementation improved glucose and lipid metabolism more significantly than EGG and EPG in rats fed on HFD, supporting the strategy of R. carthamoides use for safe relief of metabolic syndrome and its related disturbances such as inflammation, stress, and hepatic steatosis.
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In vivo investigations of Rhaponticum carthamoides include cognitive function effects, metabolic regulation, stress management, and cytotoxicity.
“These investigations include a wide range of activities, such as cognitive function effects, metabolic regulation, stress management, and cytotoxicity [44,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141,142].”
From Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition (2024) · cites this paper as [135]
The Conclusions (page not available) report improved glucose and lipid metabolism in high-fat-diet-fed rats, and the Results section on corticosterone reports changes relevant to a physiological stress response. The paper does not investigate cognitive function or cytotoxicity; its finding of no visible toxicity is not a cytotoxicity study. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThere are no observable indications or symptoms of toxicity for Rhaponticum carthamoides, indicating a wide margin of safety.
“There are no observable indications or symptoms of toxicity, indicating a wide margin of safety [44,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141,142].”
From Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition (2024) · cites this paper as [135]
The Conclusions report no visible signs or symptoms of toxicity and a high margin of safety, but specifically for Rhaponticum carthamoides root extract in high-fat-diet-fed rats. The claim omits those limits and reads as a general safety statement about the plant. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDushkin et al. observed that treatment with Rhaponticum carthamoides extract significantly improved glucose and lipid metabolism compared to other extracts.
“They observed that treatment with R. carthamoides extract significantly improved glucose and lipid metabolism compared to the other extracts [135].”
From Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition (2024) · cites this paper as [135]
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“They observed that treatment with R. carthamoides extract significantly improved glucose and lipid metabolism compared to the other extracts [135].”
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- Authors
- Dushkin, M., Khrapova, M., Kovshik, G., Chasovskikh, M., Menshchikova, E., Trufakin, V., Shurlygina, A., & Vereschagin, E.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine (RU)
- Corresponding author
- Dushkin, Michael
- Venue
- BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
- Published
- 2014-01-20
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 33-33
- ISSN
- 1472-6882 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3905158
- OpenAlex
- W2076952444
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 1.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
- Keywords
- Rhaponticum carthamoides, licorice, Punica granatum, metabolic syndrome, high-fat diet, plant extracts, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, PPARα, TNF-α, interleukin-6, corticosterone, blood pressure, serum lipids, anti-inflammatory activity
- MeSH terms
- Mesothelin, Animals, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Body Weight, Disease Models, Animal, Fatty Liver, Glycyrrhiza, Liver, Male, Phytotherapy, Plant Extracts, Triglycerides, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Rats, Wistar, Glucose Intolerance, Dietary Supplements, Metabolic Syndrome, Lythraceae, Leuzea, PPAR alpha, Lipid Metabolism, Diet, High-Fat
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