Management of uncomplicated malaria in febrile under five-year-old children by community health workers in Madagascar: reliability of malaria rapid diagnostic tests
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BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis, as well as prompt and effective treatment of uncomplicated malaria, are essential components of the anti-malaria strategy in Madagascar to prevent severe malaria, reduce mortality and limit malaria transmission. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of the malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) used by community health workers (CHWs) by comparing RDT results with two reference methods (microscopy and Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR). METHODS: Eight CHWs in two districts, each with a different level of endemic malaria transmission, were trained to use RDTs in the management of febrile children under five years of age. RDTs were performed by CHWs in all febrile children who consulted for fever. In parallel, retrospective parasitological diagnoses were made by microscopy and PCR. The results of these different diagnostic methods were analysed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the RDTs administered by the CHWs. The stability of the RDTs stored by CHWs was also evaluated. RESULTS: Among 190 febrile children with suspected malaria who visited CHWs between February 2009 and February 2010, 89.5% were found to be positive for malaria parasites by PCR, 51.6% were positive by microscopy and 55.8% were positive by RDT. The performance accuracy of the RDTs used by CHWs in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values was greater than 85%. Concordance between microscopy and RDT, estimated by the Kappa value was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75-0.91). RDTs stored by CHWs for 24 months were capable of detecting Plasmodium falciparum in blood at a level of 200 parasites/μl. CONCLUSION: Introduction of easy-to-use diagnostic tools, such as RDTs, at the community level appears to be an effective strategy for improving febrile patient management and for reducing excessive use of anti-malarial drugs.
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RDTs demonstrated variable sensitivities compared with PCR for the diagnosis of malaria in nonpregnant symptomatic populations.
“RDTs also demonstrated variable sensitivities compared with PCR for the diagnosis of malaria in nonpregnant symptomatic populations [19–22].”
From Diagnosing malaria in pregnancy: An update (2012) · cites this paper as [22]
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Diagnosing malaria in pregnancy: An update
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- Authors
- Ratsimbasoa, A., Ravony, H., Vonimpaisomihanta, J.-A., Raherinjafy, R., Jahevitra, M., Rapelanoro, R., Rakotomanga, J. D. D. M., Malvy, D., Millet, P., & Ménard, D.
- Affiliations
- Ministry of Public Health (MG)
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar (MG)
- University of Antananarivo (MG)
- Université Bordeaux Segalen (FR)
- Université de Bordeaux (FR)
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KH)
- Corresponding author
- Ménard, Didier
- Venue
- Malaria Journal
- Published
- 2012-03-25
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 85-85
- ISSN
- 1475-2875 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3338391
- OpenAlex
- W2101353967
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 4.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Malaria Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Sanofi
- Ministère de la Santé
- Fondation Mérieux
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting
- Keywords
- uncomplicated malaria, malaria rapid diagnostic tests, community health workers, diagnostic accuracy, Plasmodium falciparum, microscopy, PCR, malaria control
- MeSH terms
- Child, Preschool, Community Health Workers, Diagnosis, Differential, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Female, Fever, Humans, Infant, Madagascar, Male, Microscopy, Plasmodium falciparum, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Malaria, Falciparum
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