Impact of daily Chlorella consumption on serum lipid and carotenoid profiles in mildly hypercholesterolemic adults: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study
Open accessAbstract
Background: High level of serum cholesterol is considered to be a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was performed to test the hypothesis that a daily intake of Chlorella may improve serum lipid profile through enhancement of serum carotenoid concentration in mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects. Methods: Eligible subjects (n = 63) were randomized to either Chlorella (5 g/day) or placebo for a double-blinded trial with a 2-week lead-in period and a 4-week intervention period. Serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins and carotenoids were assessed at the beginning and the end of the trial. Results: Compared with the control group, the Chlorella group exhibited remarkable changes in total cholesterol (Chlorella −1.6%; placebo 0.03%; P = 0.036), triglycerides (Chlorella −10.3%; placebo 11.9%; P = 0.002), lutein/zeaxanthin (Chlorella 89.6%; placebo −1.7%; P < 0.0001), and α-carotene (Chlorella 163.6%; placebo 15%; P < 0.0001). Improvement of serum lipids was supported by significant reductions of very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Chlorella −11%; placebo 11.8%; P = 0.006), apolipoprotein B (Chlorella −1.5%; placebo 1.7%; P = 0.044), non high-density lipoprotein (Chlorella −2.6%; placebo −0.5%; P = 0.032), and high-density lipoprotein/triglycerides (Chlorella 4.0%; placebo −9.5%; P = 0.023), suggesting an inhibitory effect of Chlorella on the intestinal absorption of dietary and endogenous lipids. Further, the changes of serum lipids appeared to be associated with the changes of serum carotenoids. Conclusion: Daily consumption of Chlorella supplements provided the potential of health benefits reducing serum lipid risk factors, mainly triglycerides and total cholesterol, in mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects. The effect was related to carotenoid consumption. Trial registration: WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform KCT0000259.
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Randomized controlled trials using Chlorella supplementation in hypercholesterolemic individuals reported significant improvements in lipid profiles, including reductions in serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, and favorable changes in endothelial function markers.
“randomized controlled trials using Chlorella supplementation in hypercholesterolemic individuals have reported significant improvements in lipid profiles, including reductions in serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, together with favorable changes in endothelial function markers [134].”
From Navigating the potential of algal peptides: health effects, market applications, and scientific challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [134]
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The Effect of the Aqueous Suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris on Functional Systems in Healthy People
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Genetic engineering of algae material
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- Authors
- Ryu, N. H., Lim, Y., Park, J. E., Kim, J., Kim, J. Y., Kwon, S. W., & Kwon, O.
- Affiliations
- Ewha Womans University (KR)
- Seoul National University of Science and Technology (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kwon, Sung Won
- Kwon, Oran
- Venue
- Nutrition Journal
- Published
- 2014-06-11
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 57-57
- ISSN
- 1475-2891 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4066283
- OpenAlex
- W2112911865
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 3.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrition Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (BK21 PLUS, BK21 PLUS 22A20130012143, 22A20130012143)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Natural Products and Biological Research
- Keywords
- Chlorella, hypercholesterolemia, serum lipids, carotenoids, lutein, zeaxanthin, alpha-carotene, triglycerides, total cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, dietary supplementation, cardiovascular risk, lipid absorption inhibition, green algae, functional foods, women, men
- MeSH terms
- Carotenoids, Chlorella, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Placebos
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