Cited by 85HIV Research and TreatmentRNA and protein synthesis mechanismsEvolution and Genetic Dynamics

Changes in codon-pair bias of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 have profound effects on virus replication in cell culture

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Martrus, Gloria, Nevot, Maria, Andres, Cristina, Clotet, Bonaventura, Martinez, Miguel Angel·2013·Retrovirology

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has a biased nucleotide composition different from human genes. This raises the question of how evolution has chosen the nucleotide sequence of HIV-1 that is observed today, or to what extent the actual encoding contributes to virus replication capacity, evolvability and pathogenesis. Here, we applied the previously described synthetic attenuated virus engineering (SAVE) approach to HIV-1. RESULTS: Using synonymous codon pairs, we rationally recoded and codon pair-optimized and deoptimized different moieties of the HIV-1 gag and pol genes. Deoptimized viruses had significantly lower viral replication capacity in MT-4 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Varying degrees of ex vivo attenuation were obtained, depending upon both the specific deoptimized region and the number of deoptimized codons. A protease optimized virus carrying 38 synonymous mutations was not attenuated and displayed a replication capacity similar to that of the wild-type virus in MT-4 cells and PBMCs. Although attenuation is based on several tens of nucleotide changes, deoptimized HIV-1 reverted to wild-type virulence after serial passages in MT-4 cells. Remarkably, no reversion was observed in the optimized virus. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that SAVE is a useful strategy to phenotypically affect the replicative properties of HIV-1.

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  1. Kimchi-Sarfaty C A ‘silent’ polymorphism in the MDR1 gene changes substrate specificity (vol 315, pg 525, 2007) Science 2007 318 1382 1383 17185560

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Authors
Martrus, G., Nevot, M., Andres, C., Clotet, B., & Martinez, M. A.
Affiliations
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
Venue
Retrovirology
Published
2013-07-25
Volume
10
Issue
1
Pages
78-78
ISSN
1742-4690 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2149172763
Cited by
85
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 1
FWCI
3.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Retrovirology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion)
  • Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (publishedVersion)
  • Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona) (submittedVersion)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Styrelsen för Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete
  • Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
  • Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RD12/0017)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
Keywords
HIV-1, codon pair bias, codon deoptimization, gag gene, pol gene, proteolytic enzymes, MT-4 cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, synonymous mutations
MeSH terms
Cells, Cultured, Codon, DNA Mutational Analysis, Humans, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Molecular Sequence Data, Virus Replication, HIV-1, Sequence Analysis, DNA, gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus

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