"For someone who's rich, it's not a problem". Insights from Tanzania on diabetes health-seeking and medical pluralism among Dar es Salaam's urban poor
Open accessAbstract
The prevalence of chronic non-communicable disease, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is rising worldwide. In Africa, T2DM is primarily affecting those living in urban areas and increasingly affecting the poor. Diabetes management among urban poor is an area of research that has received little attention. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Dar es Salam, the causes and conditions for diabetes management in Tanzania have been examined. In this paper, we focus on the structural context of diabetes services in Tanzania; the current status of biomedical and ethnomedical health care; and health-seeking among people with T2DM. We demonstrate that although Tanzania is actively developing its diabetes services, many people with diabetes and low socioeconomic status are unable to engage continuously in treatment. There are many challenges to be addressed to support people accessing diabetes health care services and improve diabetes management.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Healthcare-seeking strategies are influenced by many factors including perception and experience of illness, seasonal variations, past experiences with healthcare services, family support and socioeconomic status.
“As social science scholarship has aptly shown, healthcare-seeking strategies are influenced by many factors that include the perception and experience of illness, seasonal variations, past experiences with healthcare services, family support and socioeconomic status [72–74].”
From Situating mobile health: a qualitative study of mHealth expectations in the rural health district of Nouna, Burkina Faso (2017) · cites this paper as [73]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Kleinman, A. (1980) · doi:10.1525/9780520340848 · Cited by 4,945 · see citing works
Coimbra, C. Ε. A. (1992) · Cadernos de Saúde Pública · doi:10.1590/s0102-311x1992000400016 · Cited by 1,202 · see citing works
Infections and inequalities: the modern plagues
Farmer, P. E. (2001) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.38-3356 · Cited by 958 · see citing works
Curing their ills: colonial power and African illness
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-5200 · Cited by 893 · see citing works
Curing Their Ills: Colonial Power and African Illness
Packward, R. M., & Vaughan, M. (1992) · The International Journal of African Historical Studies · doi:10.2307/220193 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
Cultures of Relatedness: New Approaches to the Study of Kinship
Carsten, J. (2000) · Cited by 565 · see citing works
Infections and Inequalities: The Modern Plagues
Marmot, M. G. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/10441 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
The impact of HIV/AIDS on the family and other significant relationships: The African clan revisited
Ankrah, E. M. (1993) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540129308258580 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Aikins, A. D.-G. (2005) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7519.737 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Aspray, T. (2000) · Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(00)90216-5 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Tanzania demographic and health survey 2004-2005
Takwimu, T. O. Y. T. Y. (2005) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Cross‐Cultural Healing in East African Ethnography
Rekdal, O. B. (1999) · Medical Anthropology Quarterly · doi:10.1525/maq.1999.13.4.458 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Informal care for illness in rural southwest Uganda: the central role that women play.
Taylor, L., Seeley, J., & Kajura, E. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Cure or control: complying with biomedical regime of diabetes in Cameroon
Awah, P. K., Unwin, N. C., & Phillimore, P. (2008) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-8-43 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Tanzania and diabetes—a model for developing countries?
Ramaiya, K. L. (2005) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.330.7492.679 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Aikins, A. D. (2004) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105304040895 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Diabetes Action Now: WHO and IDF working together to raise awareness worldwide
Unwin, N. C., & Marlin, A. (2004) · Cited by 12 · see citing works
2. Orientations 2: Culture, Health Care Systems, and Clinical Reality
Kleinman, A. (1980) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520340848-004 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Tanzania Review of Exemptions and Waivers
Burns, M., & Mantel, M. (2006) · IHI Repository · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 20 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- IDF International Diabetes Federation. Diabetes Atlas 2006 2006 3 http://da3.diabetesatlas.org/ [cited August 28th 2009] 35914061
- Nyambedha OE Children and HIV/AIDS. Questioning Vulnerability in Western Kenya. PhD Thesis in Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Science 2006 University of Copenhagen
- Last M Feierman S, Janzen JM The importance of knowing about not knowing: Observations from Hausaland, in The Social Basis of Health and Healing in Africa 1992 University of California Press: Berkeley 393 406
- Ofei F Forson A Appia-Kusi J A preliminary study of self-care behaviour among Ghanaians with diabetes mellitus Ghana Medical Journal 2002 36 54 59
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa: from clinical care to health policy
Atun, R. A., Davies, J. I., Gale, E. A., Bärnighausen, T., Beran, D., Kengne, A. P., Levitt, N. S., Mangugu, F. W., Nyirenda, M., Ogle, G. D., et al. (2017) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(17)30181-x · Cited by 558 · see citing works
Tackling Africa’s chronic disease burden: from the local to the global
de-Graft Aikins, A., Unwin, N., Agyemang, C., Allotey, P., Campbell, C., & Arhinful, D. (2010) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/1744-8603-6-5 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Ill-health and poverty: a literature review on health in informal settlements
Sverdlik, A. (2011) · Environment and Urbanization · doi:10.1177/0956247811398604 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Diabetes Is a Risk Factor for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case-Control Study from Mwanza, Tanzania
Faurholt‐Jepsen, D., Range, N. S., PrayGod, G., Jeremiah, K., Faurholt‐Jepsen, M., Aabye, M. G., Changalucha, J. M., Christensen, D. L., Pipper, C. B., Krarup, H. B., et al. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024215 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Sanuade, O. A., Kushitor, S. B., & Kushitor, M. K. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205985 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Pasquini, L., van Aardenne, L., Godsmark, C. N., Lee, J., & Jack, C. D. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141355 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Leone, T., Coast, E., Narayanan, S., & Aikins, A. D. (2012) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/1744-8603-8-39 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Mommersteeg, P. M. C., Herr, R., Pouwer, F., Holt, R. I. G., & Loerbroks, A. (2013) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.12193 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Kushitor, M. K., & Kushitor, S. B. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0194677 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Aboderin, I. (2010) · Public health reviews · doi:10.1007/bf03391607 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Chronicity and control: framing ‘noncommunicable diseases’ in Africa
Whyte, S. R. (2012) · Anthropology and Medicine · doi:10.1080/13648470.2012.660465 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Duclos, V., Yé, M., Moubassira, K., Sanou, H., Sawadogo, N. H., Bibeau, G., & Sié, A. (2017) · Health Research Policy and Systems · doi:10.1186/s12961-017-0211-y · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Explanatory models of diabetes in urban poor communities in Accra, Ghana
Aikins, A. D., Awuah, R. B., Pera, T. A., Mendez, M., & Ogedegbe, G. G. (2014) · Ethnicity and Health · doi:10.1080/13557858.2014.921896 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Mrabti, H. N., Bouyahya, A., Mrabti, N. N., Jaradat, N. A., Doudach, L., & Faouzi, M. E. A. (2021) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2021/5515634 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Aikins, A. D., Arhinful, D. K., Pitchforth, E., Ogedegbe, G. G., Allotey, P. A., & Agyemang, C. O. (2012) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/1744-8603-8-29 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Wang, Q., Brenner, S., Leppert, G., Banda, T. H., Kalmus, O., & Allegri, M. D. (2014) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czu004 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Chary, A. N., Greiner, M. G., Bowers, C. A., & Rohloff, P. J. (2012) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-12-476 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Bouchonville, M. F., Paul, M. M., Billings, J., Kirk, J. B., & Arora, S. (2016) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-016-0784-9 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Perceptions on diabetes care provision among health providers in rural Tanzania: a qualitative study
Mwangome, M. N., Geubbels, E. L. P. E., Klatser, P. R., & Dieleman, M. A. (2016) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czw143 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Habte, B. M., Kebede, T., Fenta, T. G., & Boon, H. S. (2016) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-016-2248-3 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Metta, E. O., Haisma, H. H., Kessy, F., Geubbels, E. L. P. E., Hutter, I., & Bailey, A. (2015) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-015-0768-5 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Habte, B. M., Kebede, T., Fenta, T. G., & Boon, H. S. (2017) · African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine · doi:10.4102/phcfm.v9i1.1411 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Low, L. L., Tong, S. F., & Low, W. Y. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147127 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Sorato, M. M., & Tesfahun, C. (2016) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.4172/2155-6156.1000684 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Binka, C., Nyarko, S. H., Awusabo‐Asare, K., & Doku, D. T. (2018) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-018-0277-5 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Metta, E. O., Msambichaka, B., Mwangome, M. N., Nyato, D., Dieleman, M. A., Haisma, H. H., Klatser, P. R., & Geubbels, E. L. P. E. (2014) · Global Health Action · doi:10.3402/gha.v7.23439 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Care-seeking and managing diabetes in rural Bangladesh: a mixed methods study
Jennings, H. M., Morrison, J., Akter, K., Haghparast‐Bidgoli, H., King, C., Ahmed, N., Kuddus, A., Shaha, S. K., Nahar, T., Azad, K., et al. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11395-3 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Tjeck, O. P., Souza, A., Mickala, P., Lepengué, A. N., & Mbatchi, B. (2017) · Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.5455/jice.20170414055506 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Ojuka, E. O., & Goyaram, V. (2014) · Medicine and sport science/Medicine and sport · doi:10.1159/000357333 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Counts, C. J., & Skordis-Worrall, J. (2016) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czv081 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Metta, E. O., Bailey, A., Kessy, F., Geubbels, E. L. P. E., Hutter, I., & Haisma, H. H. (2015) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1504-0 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Aikins, A. D., Dodoo, F., Awuah, R. B., Owusu‐Dabo, E., Addo, J., Nicolaou, M., Beune, E., Mockenhaupt, F. P., Danquah, I., Bahendeka, S., et al. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0214501 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Knyahnytska, Y., Williams, C. C., Dale, C., & Webster, F. (2018) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2018.02.001 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Predictors of Self-Appraised Health Status in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Ghana
Addai, I., & Adjei, J. (2013) · Applied Research in Quality of Life · doi:10.1007/s11482-013-9220-3 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Jørgensen, M. E., & Faurholt‐Jepsen, D. (2014) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-014-0505-1 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
A needs assessment of people living with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy
Hall, C. E., Hall, A. B., Kok, G., Mallya, J., & Courtright, P. (2016) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-016-1870-4 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Insects as Diet and Therapy: Perspectives on Their Use for Combating Diabetes Mellitus in Tanzania
Verheyen, G. R., Pieters, L. A. C., Maregesi, S. M., & Miert, S. V. (2021) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph14121273 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The Everyday Politics of Risk: Managing Diabetes in Fiji
Phillips, T. (2020) · Medical Anthropology · doi:10.1080/01459740.2020.1717489 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Christiani, Y., Dhippayom, T., & Chaiyakunapruk, N. (2016) · Global Health Action · doi:10.3402/gha.v9.32505 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Legba, B. B., Dougnon, V. T., Déguénon, E., Agbankpe, A. J., Sènou, M., Aniambossou, A., Gbaguidi, C., Sintondji, K., Baba‐Moussa, L., & Dougnon, J. T. (2019) · Journal of Toxicology · doi:10.1155/2019/3530659 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa: from clinical care to health policy
Atun, R. A., Davies, J. I., Gale, E. A. M., Bärnighausen, T., Beran, D., & Kengne, A. P. (2018) · Yearbook of pediatric endocrinology · doi:10.1530/ey.15.13.10 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Dempsey, A., Sripad, P., Sultana, K., Kirk, K., Hossain, S. M. I., & Warren, C. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245371 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Antenatal Care Strengthening in Jimma, Ethiopia: A Mixed-Method Needs Assessment
Villadsen, S. F., Tersbøl, B. P., Negussie, D., Gebremariam, A., Tilahun, A., Friis, H., & Rasch, V. (2014) · Journal of Environmental and Public Health · doi:10.1155/2014/945164 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Amegbor, P. M. (2017) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244017710688 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Munyogwa, M. J., William, R., Kibusi, S. M., & Gibore, N. S. (2020) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-020-05407-y · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Le diabète sucré en Afrique sub-saharienne : aspects épidémiologiques et socioéconomiques
Diop, S. N., & Diédhiou, D. (2015) · Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques · doi:10.1016/s1957-2557(15)30030-4 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Sundararajan, R. L., Alakiu, R., Ponticiello, M. N., Birch, G., Kisigo, G., Okello, E. S., & Peck, R. N. (2023) · Global Public Health · doi:10.1080/17441692.2023.2191687 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Gharacheh, L., Rarani, M. A., Torabipour, A., & Karimi, S. (2024) · International Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_374_22 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Pradipta, I. S., Aprilio, K., Ningsih, Y. F., Pratama, M. A. A., Alfian, S. D., & Abdulah, R. (2024) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina60040634 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Antihyperglycemic activity of Zanthoxylum chalybeum stem bark extracts in diabetic rats
Kimani, C., Mbaria, J. M., Suleiman, M. S., Gakuya, D. W., & Kiama, S. G. (2015) · The Journal of Phytopharmacology · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Matungwa, D. J., Hong, R., Kidola, J., Pungu, D. C., Ponticiello, M. N., Peck, R. N., & Sundararajan, R. L. (2022) · PLOS Global Public Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0000674 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
ARISE Consortium (2024) · Progress in Development Studies · doi:10.1177/14649934231225530 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Accessing diabetes care in rural Uganda: Economic and social resources
Nielsen, J., Bahendeka, S., Bygbjerg, I. C., Meyrowitsch, D. W., & Whyte, S. R. (2016) · Global Public Health · doi:10.1080/17441692.2016.1172100 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Diabetes Treatment as “Homework”
Nielsen, J., Bahendeka, S., Bygbjerg, I. C., Meyrowitsch, D. W., & Whyte, S. R. (2016) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198115610569 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Tchoumi, L. M. T., Nchouwet, M. L., Kamani, S. L. P., Nana, W. Y., Douho, R. C. D., Kamanyi, A., & Ngnokam, S. L. W. (2020) · Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1007/s13596-020-00470-6 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Globalization and Health: developing the journal to advance the field
Martin, G., MacLachlan, M., Labonté, R., Larkan, F., Vallières, F., & Bergin, N. (2016) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/s12992-016-0143-2 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Kolling, M. (2012) · NORMA · doi:10.18261/issn1890-2146-2012-01-06 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationCikomola, A. M.-W., Makali, S. L., Eboma, C. M., Lyabayungu, P., Cheruga, B., Karemere, H. B., Mwembo, A. T.-A.-N., Bisimwa, G. B., & Mukalenge, F. C. (2022) · African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine · doi:10.4102/phcfm.v14i1.3004 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Awudi, D. A., Walker, A. N., Weeto, M. M., Priddy, C. B., Akan, O. D., Baduweh, C. A., Arthur, B. A., Yakubu, S., Bafei, S. E. C., Olagunju, M. T., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1291360 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Munyogwa, M. J., & Maregesi, F. P. (2024) · Clinical Nutrition Open Science · doi:10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.008 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Kalolo, A., Gautier, L., & Allegri, M. D. (2022) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czac036 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Abdul-Samed, A.-B., Peprah, E. B., Jahan, Y., Reichenberger, V., Balabanova, D., Mirzoev, T. N., Lawson, H. J. O., Odei, E., Antwi, E., & Agyepong, I. A. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0294917 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Miller, B. J. (2013) · Research Exchange (Washington State University) · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Kaiser-Grolimund, A. P. (2020) · Medicine Anthropology Theory · doi:10.17157/mat.7.1.649 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Investigation about the eating habits of the Tanzanian
Yamazaki, K., & Oyaizu, M. (2012) · Journal for the Integrated Study of Dietary Habits · doi:10.2740/jisdh.23.111 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Rodgers, C. (2012) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Disease Patterns: Communicable and Non-communicable
Tutu, R. A., & Busingye, J. D. (2019) · Global perspectives on health geography · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-24693-8_3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Brahima, K., GRAH, Z. M., MOYABI, A. G. A., SORO, Y., & Kone, W. M. (2023) · Asian Journal of Ethnobiology · doi:10.13057/asianjethnobiol/y060105 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Anoumou, K., Novidzro, K. M., Kanabiya, E. P., Mélila, M., & Koumaglo, K. H. (2025) · Oriental Journal Of Chemistry · doi:10.13005/ojc/400618 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mtenga, S., Mashasi, I., Kisia, L., Binyaruka, P., Masanja, H., Mohamed, S. F., Sanya, R. E., Mhalu, G., Magembe, G., Ramaiya, K. L., et al. (2025) · PLOS Global Public Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0003876 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Changing the Conversation: a Critical Ethnography of Diabetes Care in People with Mental Illnesses
Knyahnytska, Y. (2017) · TSpace (University of Toronto) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
CommentaryAfrica's chronic disease burden: from the local to the global
Aikins, A. D., Unwin, N. C., Agyemang, C. O., Allotey, P. A., Campbell, C., & Arhinful, D. K. (2010)
Adisa, M., Owolabi, R. O., Isah, U. A., Lassi, A. S., Musa, N. T., Julde, N. M., & Musa, A. A. (2025) · Journal of Health Reports and Technology · doi:10.5812/jhrt-149801
Leveraging Continuing Medical Education in Addressing Health Disparities
(2021) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-64802-697-320251016
Munyogwa, M. J., William, R., Kibusi, S. M., & Gibore, N. S. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12463103
Anti-Hyperglycemic Activities of Citrullus lanatus (Cucurbitaceae) Seeds Aqueous Extract in Rats
Hermann, Y. K., Meïté, A., Sévérin, I. B. J., Ya, K. A. E., & Konan, B. A. (2026) · Journal of Biosciences and Medicines · doi:10.4236/jbm.2026.148004
- Authors
- Kolling, M., Winkley, K., & von Deden, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Winkley, Kirsty
- Venue
- Globalization and Health
- Published
- 2010-05-04
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 8-8
- ISSN
- 1744-8603 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2874526
- OpenAlex
- W2144504326
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Globalization and Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IHI Repository (acceptedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › African Studies and Ethnography
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, diabetes management, health-seeking behavior, medical pluralism, ethnomedicine, urban poor, low socioeconomic status, health care access, diabetes services, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review