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How stands the Tree of Life a century and a half after The Origin?
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We examine the Tree of Life (TOL) as an evolutionary hypothesis and a heuristic. The original TOL hypothesis has failed but a new "statistical TOL hypothesis" is promising. The TOL heuristic usefully organizes data without positing fundamental evolutionary truth. This article was reviewed by W. Ford Doolittle, Nicholas Galtier and Christophe Malaterre.
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“The tree-of-life concept itself is a topic of active discussion in light of molecular genetics and the microbial species concept (O'Malley and Koonin, 2011), and as a result, resolving the nature of LUCA remains obscured.”
From The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 (2016) · cites this paper as O'Malley and Koonin, 2011
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Part I. Building a Diagrammatics of ‘Race’ in the Emerging Field of Anthropology
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.01
11. Denying Even the Tree-Structured Human Kinship
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.14
7. Map, Scale, and Tree in Natural History
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.09
4. Prichard's Third Edition of Researches (1846-47) and Nott's and Gliddon's Types of Mankind (1854)
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.05
2. Samuel George Morton and His (Paper) Skulls
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.03
5. Codifying a Diagrammatics of 'Race'
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.06
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.12
8. Map, Scale, and Tree in Darwin, Haeckel and Co.
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.10
Part IV. The Tree, the Map, the Mosaic, and the Network in Genetic Anthropology
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.19
12. Meandering Rivers and Synthetic Networks against Polygenism
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.15
13. The Reaffirmation of the Polygenist ‘Tree’
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.16
19. The (Diagrammatic) Narratives of Genetic Revolutions
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.23
3. Kinship Denied and Acknowledged
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.04
Part III. Radicalizing versus Deconstructing the Family Tree of the Human ‘Races’
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.13
9. Map, Scale, and Tree in Darwin, Haeckel and Co.
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.11
1. Esthetics, Diagrammatics, and Metrics
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.02
18. Gene Flow and Ancient DNA: Trees with Connecting Branches
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.22
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.00
15. Missing Links to the Eugenic Pedigrees
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.18
20. Deconstructing the Tree Diagram to a Mess – or at least a Net
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.24
16. The History, Geography, and Politics of Human Genes
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.20
17. Genetic Trees, Admixture, and Mosaics
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.21
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.17
Part II. Maps, Scales, and Trees as (Intertwined) Diagrams of Human Genealogy and Evolution
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.07
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.25
6. The First Tree of the Human ‘Races’
Sommer, M. (2024) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0396.08
Metadata
- Authors
- O'Malley, M. A., & Koonin, E. V.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Koonin, Eugene V
- ORCID
- Koonin, Eugene V
- Venue
- Biology Direct
- Published
- 2011
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 32
- ISSN
- 1745-6150 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3158114
- OpenAlex
- W2123233911
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 127
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Biology Direct (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Leverhulme Trust
- University of Sydney
- Economic and Social Research Council
- U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Philosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation
- Keywords
- tree of life, The Origin of Species, evolutionary hypothesis, statistical hypothesis, phylogenetic inference, evolutionary theory, history of evolutionary theory
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Archaea, Bacteria, Biological Evolution, Genes, Humans, Phylogeny, Selection, Genetic, Statistics as Topic, Time Factors, Vertebrates, Earth, Planet
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