Plant identification credibility in ethnobotany: A closer look at Polish ethnographic studies
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: This paper is an attempt to estimate the percentage of erroneously identified taxa in ethnographic studies concerning the use of plants and to propose a code for recording credibility of identification in historical ethnobotany publications. METHODS: A sample of Polish-language ethnobotanical literature (45 published sources from 1874-2005) and four collections of voucher specimens (from 1894-1975) were analyzed. Errors were detected in the publications by comparing the data with existing knowledge on the distribution of plant names and species ranges. The voucher specimens were re-examined.A one-letter code was invented for quick identification of the credibility of data published in lists of species compiled from historical or ethnographic sources, according to the source of identification: voucher specimen, Latin binominal, botanical expert, obvious widespread name, folk name, mode of use, range, physical description or photograph. To test the use of the code an up-to-date list of wild food plants used in Poland was made. RESULTS: A significant difference between the ratio of mistakes in the voucher specimen collections and the ratio of detectable mistakes in the studies without herbarium documentation was found. At least 2.3% of taxa in the publications were identified erroneously (mean rate was 6.2% per publication), and in half of these mistakes even the genus was not correct. As many as 10.0% of voucher specimens (on average 9.2% per collection) were originally erroneously identified, but three quarters of the identification mistakes remained within-genus.The species of the genera Thymus, Rumex and Rubus were most often confused within the genus.Not all of the invented credibility codes were used in the list of wild food plants, but they may be useful for other researchers. The most often used codes were the ones signifying identification by: voucher specimen, botanical expert and by a common name used throughout the country. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study support the rigorous use of voucher specimens in ethnobotany, although they also reveal a relatively high percentage of misidentified taxa in the specimens studied.The invented credibility coding system may become a useful tool for communication between historical ethnobotanists, particularly in creating larger databases.
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Previous studies misidentified between 6% and 10% of species.
“On the other hand, assessing DSR can be challenging, because it was estimated that previous studies misidentified between 6% and 10% of species (39).”
From Dietary species richness as a measure of food biodiversity and nutritional quality of diets (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
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Kharchoufa, L., Elachouri, M., Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., & Bussmann, R. W. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-13933-8_62-1
Maianthemum bifolium (L.) F.W. Schmidt Asparagaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98744-2_185-1
Agriculture students’ weed collections: Choices of plants and errors in identification
Wees, D. (2024) · Natural sciences education · doi:10.1002/nse2.20157
Euonymus europaeus L. Celastraceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98744-2_122-1
Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn Pteridaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98744-2_236-1
Pulmonaria officinalis L. Boraginaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Khojimatov, O. K. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98744-2_237-1
Frangula alnus Miller Rhamnus cathartica L. Rhamnaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., Khojimatov, O. K., & Kikvidze, Z. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98744-2_129-1
Carlina brachylepis (Batt.) Meusel & Kästner. Chamaeleon gummifer Cass. Asteraceae
Kharchoufa, L., Elachouri, M., Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., & Bussmann, R. W. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-43105-0_62
Glechoma hederacea L. Lamiaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98744-2_139-1
Tragopogon orientalis L. asteraceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98744-2_286-1
Ranunculus ficaria L. Ranunculus neapolitanus Ten. Ranunculaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98744-2_242-1
Empetrum hermaphroditum Hagerup Empetrum nigrum L.Ericaceae
Fayvush, G. M., Aleksanyan, A. S., Bussmann, R. W., Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Khutsishvili, M., & Kikvidze, Z. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50009-6_298-1
Glechoma hederacea L. Lamiaceae
Bussmann, R. W., Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Khutsishvili, M., & Kikvidze, Z. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50009-6_331-1
Euphorbia cyparissias L. Euphorbiaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_121
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., & Bussmann, R. W. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_54
Pulmonaria officinalis L. Boraginaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Khojimatov, O. K. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_237
Silene flos-cuculi L. Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke Caryophyllaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_270
Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn Pteridaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_236
Tragopogon orientalis L. Asteraceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_286
Scirpus holoschoenus (L.) Soják Cyperaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., & Bussmann, R. W. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_263
Frangula alnus Miller Rhamnus cathartica L. Rhamnaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., Khojimatov, O. K., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_129
Euonymus europaeus L. Celastraceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_122
Ranunculus ficaria L. Ranunculus neapolitanus Ten. Ranunculaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_242
Maianthemum bifolium (L.) F.W. Schmidt Asparagaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_185
Glechoma hederacea L. Lamiaceae
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_139
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., & Bussmann, R. W. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_67
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Khamraeva, D. T., Khojimatov, O. K., Solís, V., & Bussmann, R. W. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_6
Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Bussmann, R. W., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87802-2_115
Mehdiyeva, N. P., Muradalievich, A. A., Bussmann, R. W., Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Khutsishvili, M., & Kikvidze, Z. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50009-6_521-1
Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn. Pteridaceae
Bussmann, R. W., Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Khutsishvili, M., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50009-6_459-1
Bussmann, R. W., Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Khutsishvili, M., Kikvidze, Z., Batsatsashvili, K., Maisaia, I., Sikharulidze, S., Tchelidze, D., Mehdiyeva, N. P., Alizade, V. М., et al. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50009-6_39-2
Bussmann, R. W., Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Kikvidze, Z., Mehdiyeva, N. P., Alizade, V. М., Mursal, N., Salimov, R., Batsatsashvili, K., Khutsishvili, M., Müller, L., et al. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50009-6_30-2
Euonymus europaeus L.Euonymus latifolius (L.) Mill.Euonymus verrucosus Scop.Celastraceae
Bussmann, R. W., Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Khutsishvili, M., & Kikvidze, Z. (2025) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50009-6_307-1
Mehdiyeva, N. P., Salimov, R., Mursal, N., Bussmann, R. W., Paniagua-Zambrana, N. Y., Khamraeva, D. T., & Khojimatov, O. K. (2024) · Ethnobotany of mountain regions · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50009-6_583-1
- Authors
- Łuczaj, Ł. J.
- Corresponding author
- Łuczaj, Łukasz J
- ORCID
- Łuczaj, Łukasz J
- Venue
- Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine
- Published
- 2010-12
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 36-36
- ISSN
- 1746-4269 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3022638
- OpenAlex
- W2072669442
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 8.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Linguistic and Cultural Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Keywords
- ethnobotany, voucher specimens, wild edible plants, thymus, dock, Rubus, herbarium collections
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Plants, Poland, Publications, Ethnobotany, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century
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