CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 160Dysphagia Assessment and ManagementClinical Nutrition and GastroenterologyNutrition and Health in Aging

Guideline clinical nutrition in patients with stroke

Open access
The DGEM Steering Committee*, Wirth, Rainer, Smoliner, Christine, Jäger, Martin, Warnecke, Tobias, Leischker, Andreas H, Dziewas, Rainer·2013·Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine
DOI 10.1186/2040-7378-5-14PMC PMC4176491
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Stroke is regularly accompanied by dysphagia and other factors associated with decreased nutritional intake. Dysphagia with aspiration pneumonia and insufficient nutritional intake lead to worse outcome after stroke.This guideline is the first chapter of the guideline "Clinical Nutrition in Neurology" of the German Society for Clinical Nutrition (DGEM) which itself is one part of a comprehensive guideline about all areas of Clinical Nutrition. The thirty-one recommendations of the guideline are based on a systematic literature search and review, last updated December 31, 2011. All recommendations were discussed and consented at several consensus conferences with the entire DGEM guideline group. The recommendations underline the importance of an early screening and assessment of dysphagia and give advice for an evidence based and comprehensive nutritional management to avoid aspiration, malnutrition and dehydration.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/2040-7378-5-14

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Aspiration pneumonia is suggested to be mainly caused by the bacterial content of aspirated saliva and not by the saliva itself, or a minimal oral intake.

    “Aspiration pneumonia is suggested to be mainly caused by the bacterial content of aspirated saliva and not by the saliva itself, or a minimal oral intake (170, 171).”

    From ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics (2022) · cites this paper as [170]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 103

  1. Hilker R Poetter C Findeisen N Sobesky J Jacobs A Neveling M Heiss WD Nosocomial pneumonia after acute stroke - implications for neurological intensive care medicine Stroke 2003 34 975 981 10.1161/01.STR.0000063373.70993.CD 12637700 · DOI
  2. Holas MA DePippo K Reding MJ Aspiration and relative risk of medical complications following stroke Arch Neurol 1994 51 1051 1053 10.1001/archneur.1994.00540220099020 7945003 · DOI
  3. Kidd D Lawson J Nesbitt R MacMahon J The natural history and clinical consequences of aspiration in acute stroke Q J Med 1995 88 409 413 7648232
  4. Mann G Dip PG Hankey GJ Cameron D Swallowing function after stroke Stroke 1999 30 744 748 10.1161/01.STR.30.4.744 10187872 · DOI
  5. Smithard DG O’Neill PA Park C Morris J Wyatt R England R Martin DF Complications and outcome after acute stroke - does dysphagia matter? Stroke 1996 27 1200 1204 10.1161/01.STR.27.7.1200 8685928 · DOI · Paper page
  6. Wang Y Lim LLY Heller RF Fisher J Levi C A prediction model of 1-year mortality for acute ischemic stroke patients Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2003 84 1006 1011 10.1016/S0003-9993(03)00032-7 12881825 · DOI
  7. Martino R Foley N Bhogal S Diamant N Speechley M Teasell R Dysphagia after stroke - incidence, diagnosis, and pulmonary complications Stroke 2005 36 2756 2763 10.1161/01.STR.0000190056.76543.eb 16269630 · DOI · Paper page
  8. McCormick KA Fleming B Clinical practice guidelines. The Agency for Health Care Policy and Research fosters the development of evidence-based guidelines Health Prog 1992 73 30 34 10122521
  9. Leischker AH Wirth R Busch EW Schlegel B Hahn K Kondrup J Leitlinie “Enterale Ernährung bei Patienten mit Schlaganfall” Akt Ernaehr Med 2007 32 330 346 10.1055/s-2007-986288 · DOI
  10. Barer D The natural history and functional consequences of dysphagia after hemispheric stroke J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1989 52 236 241 10.1136/jnnp.52.2.236 2564884 PMC1032512 · DOI
  11. DePippo KL Holas MA Reding MJ Validation of the 3-oz water swallow test for aspiration following stroke Arch Neurol 1992 49 1259 1261 10.1001/archneur.1992.00530360057018 1449405 · DOI
  12. Gordon C Langton-Hewer R Wade D Dysphagia in acute stroke Br Med J 1987 295 411 414 10.1136/bmj.295.6595.411 3115478 PMC1247273 · DOI
  13. Hinds NP Wiles CM Assessment of swallowing and referral to speech and language therapists in acute stroke QJM 1998 91 829 835 10.1093/qjmed/91.12.829 10024948 · DOI
  14. Kidd D Lawson J Nesbitt R MacMahon J Aspiration in acute stroke: a clinical study with videofluoroscopy QJM 1993 86 825 829 8108539
  15. Odderson IR Keaton JC McKenna BS Swallow management in patients with on an acute stroke pathway: quality is cost effective Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1995 76 1130 1133 10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80121-9 8540789 · DOI
  16. Wade D Hewer RL Motor loss and swallowing difficulty after stroke: frequency, recovery, and prognosis Acta Neurol Scand 1987 76 50 54 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03543.x 3630644 · DOI
  17. Trapl M Enderle P Nowotny M Teuschl Y Matz K Dachenhausen A Brainin M Dysphagia bedside screening for acute-stroke patients - the Gugging swallowing screen Stroke 2007 38 2948 2952 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.483933 17885261 · DOI
  18. Sellars C Bowie L Bagg J Sweeney P Miller H Tilston J Langhorne P Stott DJ Risk factors for chest infection in acute stroke. A prospective cohort study Stroke 2007 38 2284 2291 10.1161/STROKEAHA.106.478156 17569875 · DOI
  19. Lakshminarayan K Tsai AW Tong X Vazquez G Peacock JM George MG Luepker RV Anderson DC Utility of dysphagia screening results in predicting poststroke pneumonia Stroke 2010 41 2849 2854 10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.597039 20947835 PMC2994997 · DOI
  20. Evans A Perez I Harraf F Melbourn A Steadman J Donaldson N Kalra L Can differences in management processes explain different outcomes between stroke unit and stroke-team care? Lancet 2001 358 1586 1592 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06652-1 11716885 · DOI
  21. Hinchey JA Shephard T Furie K Smith D Wang D Tonn S Formal dysphagia screening protocols prevent pneumonia Stroke 2005 36 1972 1976 10.1161/01.STR.0000177529.86868.8d 16109909 · DOI
  22. Ramsey DJC Smithard DG Kalra L Early assessments of dysphagia and aspiration risk in acute stroke patients Stroke 2003 34 1252 1257 10.1161/01.STR.0000066309.06490.B8 12677020 · DOI
  23. Bours GJ Speyer R Lemmens J Limburg M de Wit R Bedside screening tests vs. videofluoroscopy or fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing to detect dysphagia in patients with neurological disorders: a systematic review J Adv Nurs 2009 65 477 493 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04915.x 19222645 · DOI
  24. Teramato S Matsuse T Fukuchi Y Ouchi Y Simple two-step swallowing provovation test for elderly patients with aspiration pneumonia Lancet 1999 353 1243 10217091
  25. Teramoto S Fukuchi Y Detection of aspiration and swallowing disorder in older stroke patiens: simple swallowing provovation test versus water swallowing test Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000 81 1517 1519 10.1053/apmr.2000.9171 11083358 · DOI
  26. Warnecke T Teismann I Meimann W Oelenberg S Zimmermann J Krämer C Ringelstein EB Schäbitz WR Dziewas R Assessment of aspiration risk in acute ischemic stroke - evaluation of the simple swallowing provocation test J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008 79 312 314 10.1136/jnnp.2007.134551 18281449 · DOI
  27. Zaidi NH Smith HA King SC Park CL O’Neill PA Connolly MJ Oxygen desaturation on swallowing as a potential marker of aspiration in acute stroke Age Ageing 1995 24 267 270 10.1093/ageing/24.4.267 7484479 · DOI
  28. Collins MJ Bakheit AMO Does pulse oximetry reliably detect aspiration in dysphagic stroke patients? Stroke 1997 28 1773 1775 10.1161/01.STR.28.9.1773 9303024 · DOI
  29. Sellars C Dunnet C Carter R A preliminary comparison of videofluoroscopy of swallow and pulse oximetry in the identification of aspiration in dysphagic patients Dysphagia 1998 13 82 86 10.1007/PL00009560 9513301 · DOI
  30. Lim SHB Lieu PK Phua SY Seshadri R Venketasubramanian N Lee SH Choo PWJ Accuracy of bedside clinical methods compared with fiberoptic endoscopic examination of swallowing (FEES) in determing the risk of aspiration in acute stroke patients Dysphagia 2001 16 1 6 10.1007/s004550000038 11213241 · DOI
  31. Smith HA Lee SH O’Neill PA Connolly MJ The combination of bedside swallowing assessment and oxygen saturation monitoring of swallowing in acute stroke: a safe and humane screening tool Age Ageing 2000 29 495 499 10.1093/ageing/29.6.495 11191240 · DOI
  32. Leder SB Use of arterial oxygen saturation, heart rate and blood pressure as indirect objective physiologic markers to predict aspiration Dysphagia 2000 15 201 205 10.1007/s004550000028 11014882 · DOI
  33. Colodny N Comparison of dysphagics and nondysphagics on pulse oximetry during oral feeding Dysphagia 2000 15 68 73 10758188
  34. Wang TG Chang YC Chen SY Hsiao TY Pulse oximetry does not reliably detect aspiration on videofluoroscopic swallowing study Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005 86 730 734 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.10.021 15827925 · DOI
  35. Ramsey DJC Smithard DG Kalra L Can pulse oximetry or a bedside swallowing assessment be used to detect aspiration after stroke? Stroke 2006 37 2984 2988 10.1161/01.STR.0000248758.32627.3b 17095740 · DOI
  36. Martino R Pron G Diamant N Screening for oropharyngeal dysphagia in stroke Dysphagia 2000 15 19 30 10594255
  37. Falsetti P Acciai C Palilla R Bosi M Carpinteri F Zingarelli A Pedace C Lenzi L Oropharyngeal dysphagia after stroke: incidence, diagnosis, and clinical predictors in patients admitted to a neurohabilitation unit J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2009 18 329 335 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2009.01.009 19717014 · DOI
  38. Dziewas R Ritter M Schilling M Konrad C Oelenberg S Nabavi DG Stögbauer F Ringelstein EB Lüdemann P Pneumonia in acute stroke patients fed by nasogastric tubes J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004 75 852 856 10.1136/jnnp.2003.019075 15145999 PMC1739077 · DOI
  39. Logemann JA Veis S Colangelo L A screening procedure for oropharyngeal dysphagia Dysphagia 1999 14 44 51 10.1007/PL00009583 9828274 · DOI
  40. Gmeinwieser J Golder W Lehner K Bartels H X-ray diagnosis of the upper gastrointestinal tract at risk for aspiration using a non-ionic iso-osmolar contrast medium Rontgenpraxis 1988 41 361 366 3187766
  41. Ekberg O Olsson R Dynamic radiology of swallowing disorders Endoscopy 1997 29 439 446 10.1055/s-2007-1004248 9342561 · DOI
  42. Rosenbek JC Robbins J Roecker EB Coyle JL Wood JL A penetration-aspiration scale Dysphagia 1996 11 93 98 10.1007/BF00417897 8721066 · DOI · Paper page
  43. Dziewas R Warnecke T Oelenberg S Teismann I Zimmermann J Kraemer C Ritter M Ringelstein EB Schabitz WR Towards a basic endoscopic assessment of swallowing in acute stroke - development and evaluation of a simple dysphagia score Cerebrovasc Dis 2008 26 41 47 10.1159/000135652 18511871 · DOI
  44. Warnecke T Teismann I Oelenberg S Hamacher C Ringelstein EB Schabitz WR Dziewas R The safety of fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in acute stroke patients Stroke 2009 40 482 486 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.520775 19074481 · DOI
  45. Warnecke T Ritter M Kroger B Oelenberg S Teismann I Heuschmann PU Ringelstein EB Nabavi DG Dziewas R Fiberoptic endoscopic dysphagia severity scale predicts outcome after acute stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2009 28 283 289 10.1159/000228711 19609080 · DOI
  46. Langmore SE Evaluation of oropharyngeal dysphagia: which diagnostic tool is superior? Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003 11 485 489 10.1097/00020840-200312000-00014 14631184 · DOI
  47. Leder S Sasaki CT Burrell MI Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of dysphagia to identify silent aspiration Dysphagia 1998 13 19 21 10.1007/PL00009544 9391224 · DOI
  48. Prosiegel M Diener HC, Putzki N Neurogene Dysphagie Leitlinien für die Diagnostik und Therapie in der Neurologie 2008 Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag
  49. Kelly AM Leslie P Beale T Payten C Drinnan MJ Fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and videofluoroscopy: does examination type influence perception of pharyngeal residue severity? Clin Otolaryngol 2006 31 425 432 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2006.01292.x 17014453 · DOI
  50. Kelly AM Drinnan MJ Leslie P Assessing penetration and aspiration: how do videofluoroscopy and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing compare? Laryngoscope 2007 117 1723 1727 10.1097/MLG.0b013e318123ee6a 17906496 · DOI
  51. Smithard DG O’Neill PA England R Park CL Wyatt R Martin DF The natural history of dysphagia following a stroke Dysphagia 1997 12 188 193 10.1007/PL00009535 9294937 · DOI
  52. Kleindorfer D Panagos P Pancioli A Khoury J Kissela B Woo D Schneider A Alwell K Jauch E Miller R Incidence and short-term prognosis of transient ischemic attack in a population-based study Stroke 2005 36 720 723 10.1161/01.STR.0000158917.59233.b7 15731465 · DOI
  53. Carnaby G Hankey GJ Pizzi J Behavioural intervention for dysphagia in acute stroke: a randomised controlled trial Lancet Neurol 2006 5 31 37 10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70252-0 16361020 · DOI
  54. Norman K Pichard C Lochs H Pirlich M Prognostic impact of disease-related malnutrition Clin Nutr 2008 27 5 15 10.1016/j.clnu.2007.10.007 18061312 · DOI
  55. Howard P Jonkers-Schuitema C Furniss L Kyle U Muehlebach S Odlund-Olin A Page M Wheatley C Managing the patient journey through enteral nutritional care Clin Nutr 2006 25 187 195 10.1016/j.clnu.2006.01.013 16697502 · DOI
  56. Kondrup J Allison SP Elia M Vellas B Plauth M ESPEN guidelines for nutrition screening 2002 Clin Nutr 2003 22 415 421 10.1016/S0261-5614(03)00098-0 12880610 · DOI · Paper page
  57. Dennis MS Lewis SC Warlow C Effect of timing and method of enteral tube feeding for dysphagic stroke patients (FOOD): a multicentre randomised controlled trial Lancet 2005 365 764 772 15733717
  58. Dennis M Lewis S Cranswick G Forbes J FOOD: a multicentre randomised trial evaluating feeding policies in patients admitted to hospital with a recent stroke Health Technol Assess 2006 10 1 120 iii-iv, ix-x 16409880
  59. Kreymann KG Berger MM Deutz NE Hiesmayr M Jolliet P Kazandjiev G Nitenberg G van den Berghe G Wernerman J Ebner C ESPEN Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Intensive care Clin Nutr 2006 25 210 223 10.1016/j.clnu.2006.01.021 16697087 · DOI · Paper page
  60. Braunschweig CL Levy P Sheean PM Wang X Enteral compared with parenteral nutrition: a meta-analysis Am J Clin Nutr 2001 74 534 542 11566654
  61. Finucane TE Bynum JP Use of tube feeding to prevent aspiration pneumonia Lancet 1996 348 1421 1424 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)03369-7 8937283 · DOI
  62. Mamun K Lim J Role of nasogastric tube in preventing aspiration pneumonia in patients with dysphagia Singapore Med J 2005 46 627 631 16228094
  63. Finestone HM Greene-Finestone LS Wilson ES Teasell RW Prolonged length of stay and reduced functional improvement rate in malnourished stroke rehabilitation patients Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996 77 340 345 10.1016/S0003-9993(96)90081-7 8607756 · DOI
  64. Gariballa SE Parker SG Taub N Castleden CM Influence of nutritional status on clinical outcome after acute stroke Am J Clin Nutr 1998 68 275 281 9701183
  65. Kudsk KA Croce MA Fabian TC Minard G Tolley EA Poret HA Kuhl MR Brown RO Enteral versus parenteral feeding. Effects on septic morbidity after blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma Ann Surg 1992 215 503 511 discussion 511–503 10.1097/00000658-199205000-00013 1616387 PMC1242485 · DOI
  66. Moore FA Feliciano DV Andrassy RJ McArdle AH Booth FV Morgenstein-Wagner TB Kellum JM Jr Welling RE Moore EE Early enteral feeding, compared with parenteral, reduces postoperative septic complications. The results of a meta-analysis Ann Surg 1992 216 172 183 10.1097/00000658-199208000-00008 1386982 PMC1242589 · DOI
  67. Gramlich L Kichian K Pinilla J Rodych NJ Dhaliwal R Heyland DK Does enteral nutrition compared to parenteral nutrition result in better outcomes in critically ill adult patients? A systematic review of the literature Nutrition 2004 20 843 848 10.1016/j.nut.2004.06.003 15474870 · DOI
  68. Peschl L Zeilinger M Munda W Prem H Schragel D Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy–a possibility for enteral feeding of patients with severe cerebral dysfunctions Wien Klin Wochenschr 1988 100 314 318 3135670
  69. Norton B Homer-Ward M Long RG Holmes GKT A randomised prospective comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric feeding after acute dysphagic stroke BMJ 1996 312 13 16 10.1136/bmj.312.7022.13 8555849 PMC2349687 · DOI
  70. Anderson MR O’Connor M Mayer P O’Mahony D Woodward J Kane K The nasal loop provides an alternative to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in high-risk dysphagic stroke patients Clin Nutr 2004 23 501 506 10.1016/j.clnu.2003.09.008 15297085 · DOI · Paper page
  71. Beavan J Conroy SP Harwood R Gladman JR Leonardi-Bee J Sach T Bowling T Sunman W Gaynor C Does looped nasogastric tube feeding improve nutritional delivery for patients with dysphagia after acute stroke? A randomised controlled trial Age Ageing 2010 39 624 630 10.1093/ageing/afq088 20667840 · DOI · Paper page
  72. Kostadima E Kaditis AG Alexopoulos EI Zakynthinos E Sfyras D Early gastrostomy reduces the rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia in stroke or head injury patients Eur Respir J 2005 26 106 111 10.1183/09031936.05.00096104 15994396 · DOI
  73. Korner U Bondolfi A Buhler E Macfie J Meguid MM Messing B Oehmichen F Valentini L Allison SP Ethical and legal aspects of enteral nutrition Clin Nutr 2006 25 196 202 10.1016/j.clnu.2006.01.024 16682099 · DOI
  74. Strong RM Condon SC Solinger MR Namihas BN Ito-Wong LA Leuty JE Equal aspiration rates from postpylorus and intragastric-placed small-bore nasoenteric feeding tubes: a randomized, prospective study JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1992 16 59 63 10.1177/014860719201600159 1738222 · DOI
  75. Spain DA DeWeese RC Reynolds MA Richardson JD Transpyloric passage of feeding tubes in patients with head injuries does not decrease complications J Trauma 1995 39 1100 1102 10.1097/00005373-199512000-00015 7500401 · DOI
  76. Jabbar A McClave SA Pre-pyloric versus post-pyloric feeding Clin Nutr 2005 24 719 726 10.1016/j.clnu.2005.03.003 16143431 · DOI
  77. Lien HC Chang CS Chen GH Can percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy prevent gastroesophageal reflux in patients with preexisting esophagitis? Am J Gastroenterol 2000 95 3439 3443 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.03281.x 11151874 · DOI
  78. Wang TG Wu MC Chang YC Hsiao TY Lien IN The effect of nasogastric tubes on swallowing function in persons with dysphagia following stroke Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006 87 1270 1273 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.05.019 16935066 · DOI
  79. Dziewas R Warnecke T Hamacher C Oelenberg S Teismann I Kraemer C Ritter M Ringelstein EB Schaebitz WR Do nasogastric tubes worsen dysphagia in patients with acute stroke? BMC Neurol 2008 8 28 10.1186/1471-2377-8-28 18651972 PMC2507716 · DOI
  80. Leder SB Suiter DM Effect of nasogastric tubes on incidence of aspiration Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008 89 648 651 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.09.038 18373994 · DOI
  81. Langdon PC Lee AH Binns CW High incidence of respiratory infections in ’nil by mouth’ tube-fed acute ischemic stroke patients Neuroepidemiology 2009 32 107 113 10.1159/000177036 19039243 · DOI
  82. Abe S Ishihara K Adachi M Okuda K Oral hygiene evaluation for effective oral care in preventing pneumonia in dentate elderly Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2006 43 53 64 10.1016/j.archger.2005.09.002 16271775 · DOI
  83. Bagyi K Haczku A Marton I Szabo J Gaspar A Andrasi M Varga I Toth J Klekner A Role of pathogenic oral flora in postoperative pneumonia following brain surgery BMC Infect Dis 2009 9 104 10.1186/1471-2334-9-104 19563632 PMC2709628 · DOI
  84. Langmore SE Terpenning MS Schork A Chen Y Murray JT Lopatin D Loesche WJ Predictors of aspiration pneumonia: how important is dysphagia? Dysphagia 1998 13 69 81 10.1007/PL00009559 9513300 · DOI
  85. Bassim CW Gibson G Ward T Paphides BM Denucci DJ Modification of the risk of mortality from pneumonia with oral hygiene care J Am Geriatr Soc 2008 56 1601 1607 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01825.x 18691286 · DOI
  86. Gosney M Martin MV Wright AE The role of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in acute stroke Age Ageing 2006 35 42 47 10.1093/ageing/afj019 16364933 · DOI
  87. Chan EY Oral decontamination for ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention Aust Crit Care 2009 22 3 4 10.1016/j.aucc.2008.12.001 19144537 · DOI
  88. Whelan K Inadequate fluid intakes in dysphagic acute stroke Clin Nutr 2001 20 423 428 10.1054/clnu.2001.0467 11534937 · DOI
  89. Vivanti AP Campbell KL Suter MS Hannan-Jones MT Hulcombe JA Contribution of thickened drinks, food and enteral and parenteral fluids to fluid intake in hospitalised patients with dysphagia J Hum Nutr Diet 2009 22 148 155 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2009.00944.x 19302120 · DOI
  90. Challiner YC Jarrett D Hayward MJ al-Jubouri MA Julious SA A comparison of intravenous and subcutaneous hydration in elderly acute stroke patients Postgrad Med J 1994 70 195 197 10.1136/pgmj.70.821.195 8183752 PMC2397852 · DOI
  91. Dennis MS Lewis SC Warlow C Routine oral nutritional supplementation for stroke patients in hospital (FOOD): a multicentre randomised controlled trial Lancet 2005 365 755 763 15733716
  92. Gariballa SE Parker SG Taub N Castleden CM A randomized, controlled, a single-blind trial of nutritional supplementation after acute stroke JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1998 22 315 319 10.1177/0148607198022005315 9739036 · DOI
  93. Rabadi MH Coar PL Lukin M Lesser M Blass JP Intensive nutritional supplements can improve outcomes in stroke rehabilitation Neurology 2008 71 1856 1861 10.1212/01.wnl.0000327092.39422.3c 18946003 · DOI
  94. Ha L Hauge T Spenning AB Iversen PO Individual, nutritional support prevents undernutrition, increases muscle strength and improves QoL among elderly at nutritional risk hospitalized for acute stroke: a randomized, controlled trial Clin Nutr 2010 29 567 573 10.1016/j.clnu.2010.01.011 20176418 · DOI · Paper page
  95. Stratton RJ Ek AC Engfer M Moore Z Rigby P Wolfe R Elia M Enteral nutritional support in prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers: a systematic review and meta-analysis Ageing Res Rev 2005 4 422 450 10.1016/j.arr.2005.03.005 16081325 · DOI
  96. Bhattacharyya N Kotz T Shapiro J The effect of bolus consistency on dysphagia in unilateral vocal cord paralysis Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003 129 632 636 10.1016/S0194-5998(03)00633-8 14663428 · DOI
  97. Kuhlemeier KV Palmer JB Rosenberg D Effect of liquid bolus consistency and delivery method on aspiration and pharyngeal retention in dysphagia patients Dysphagia 2001 16 119 122 10.1007/s004550011003 11305221 · DOI
  98. Clave P de Kraa M Arreola V Girvent M Farre R Palomera E Serra-Prat M The effect of bolus viscosity on swallowing function in neurogenic dysphagia Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006 24 1385 1394 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03118.x 17059520 · DOI
  99. Diniz PB Vanin G Xavier R Parente MA Reduced incidence of aspiration with spoon-thick consistency in stroke patients Nutr Clin Pract 2009 24 414 418 10.1177/0884533608329440 19483070 · DOI
  100. Ozaki K Kagaya H Yokoyama M Saitoh E Okada S Gonzalez-Fernandez M Palmer JB Uematsu AH The risk of penetration or aspiration during videofluoroscopic examination of swallowing varies depending on food types Tohoku J Exp Med 2010 220 41 46 10.1620/tjem.220.41 20046051 · DOI
  101. Logemann JA Gensler G Robbins J Lindblad AS Brandt D Hind JA Kosek S Dikeman K Kazandjian M Gramigna GD A randomized study of three interventions for aspiration of thin liquids in patients with dementia or Parkinson’s disease J Speech Lang Hear Res 2008 51 173 183 10.1044/1092-4388(2008/013) 18230864 PMC2894528 · DOI
  102. Foley NC Martin RE Salter KL Teasell RW A review of the relationship between dysphagia and malnutrition following stroke J Rehabil Med 2009 41 707 713 10.2340/16501977-0415 19774302 · DOI
  103. Wright L Cotter D Hickson M Frost G Comparison of energy and protein intakes of older people consuming a texture modified diet with a normal hospital diet J Hum Nutr Diet 2005 18 213 219 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2005.00605.x 15882384 · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
The DGEM Steering Committee*, Wirth, R., Smoliner, C., Jäger, M., Warnecke, T., Leischker, A. H., & Dziewas, R.
Affiliations
University Hospital Münster (DE)
Corresponding author
Wirth, Rainer
ORCID
Venue
Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2013-12
Volume
5
Issue
1
Pages
14-14
ISSN
2040-7378 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/2040-7378-5-14
PMC
PMC4176491
OpenAlex
W2167680855
Cited by
160
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2
FWCI
10.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • OPUS FAU (Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (KOBV), on behalf of the Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen-Nürnberg) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Dysphagia Assessment and Management
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Keywords
stroke, dysphagia, dietary management, aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration, dysphagia screening, nutritional intake

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review