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Cited by 318

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Epidemiology of breast cancer subtypes in two prospective cohort studies of breast cancer survivors

Open access
Kwan, Marilyn L, Kushi, Lawrence H, Weltzien, Erin, Maring, Benjamin, Kutner, Susan E, Fulton, Regan S, Lee, Marion M, Ambrosone, Christine B, Caan, Bette J·2009·Breast Cancer Research
DOI 10.1186/bcr2261
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Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to describe breast tumor subtypes by common breast cancer risk factors and to determine correlates of subtypes using baseline data from two pooled prospective breast cancer studies within a large health maintenance organization. Methods: Tumor data on 2544 invasive breast cancer cases subtyped by estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) status were obtained (1868 luminal A tumors, 294 luminal B tumors, 288 triple-negative tumors and 94 Her2-overexpressing tumors). Demographic, reproductive and lifestyle information was collected either in person or by mailed questionnaires. Case-only odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression, adjusting for age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, and study origin. Results: Compared with luminal A cases, luminal B cases were more likely to be younger at diagnosis (P = 0.0001) and were less likely to consume alcohol (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.56 to 0.98), use hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.46 to 0.94), and oral contraceptives (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.55 to 0.96). Compared with luminal A cases, triple-negative cases tended to be younger at diagnosis (P ≤ 0.0001) and African American (OR = 3.14, 95% CI = 2.12 to 4.16), were more likely to have not breastfed if they had parity greater than or equal to three (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.00 to 2.81), and were more likely to be overweight (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.03 to 3.24) or obese (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.03 to 3.77) if premenopausal. Her2-overexpressing cases were more likely to be younger at diagnosis (P = 0.03) and Hispanic (OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.16 to 4.13) or Asian (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.05 to 3.88), and less likely to use HRT (OR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.26 to 0.79). Conclusions: These observations suggest that investigators should consider tumor heterogeneity in associations with traditional breast cancer risk factors. Important modifiable lifestyle factors that may be related to the development of a specific tumor subtype, but not all subtypes, include obesity, breastfeeding, and alcohol consumption. Future work that will further categorize triple-negative cases into basal and non-basal tumors may help to elucidate these associations further.

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Metadata

Authors
Kwan, M. L., Kushi, L. H., Weltzien, E., Maring, B., Kutner, S. E., Fulton, R. S., Lee, M. M., Ambrosone, C. B., & Caan, B. J.
Venue
Breast Cancer Research
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2009-05-22
Volume
11
Issue
3
Pages
R31-R31
ISSN
  • 1465-5411 (ISSN-L)
  • 1465-542X
DOI
10.1186/bcr2261
OpenAlex
W2017047594
Cited by
318
References
47
FWCI
8.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Epidemiology of breast cancer subtypes in two prospective cohort studies of breast cancer survivors. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1186/bcr2261
The paper
Kwan, M. L., Kushi, L. H., Weltzien, E., Maring, B., Kutner, S. E., Fulton, R. S., Lee, M. M., Ambrosone, C. B., & Caan, B. J. (2009). Epidemiology of breast cancer subtypes in two prospective cohort studies of breast cancer survivors. Breast Cancer Research. https://doi.org/10.1186/bcr2261

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

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