Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 370

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Electrical muscle stimulation preserves the muscle mass of critically ill patients: a randomized study

Open access
Gerovasili, Vasiliki, Stefanidis, Konstantinos, Vitzilaios, Konstantinos, Karatzanos, Eleftherios, Politis, Panagiotis, Koroneos, Apostolos, Chatzimichail, Aikaterini, Routsi, Christina, Roussos, Charis, Nanas, Serafim·2009·Critical Care
DOI 10.1186/cc8123
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Introduction: Critically ill patients are characterized by increased loss of muscle mass, partially attributed to sepsis and multiple organ failure, as well as immobilization. Recent studies have shown that electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) may be an alternative to active exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with myopathy. The aim of our study was to investigate the EMS effects on muscle mass preservation of critically ill patients with the use of ultrasonography (US). Methods: Forty-nine critically ill patients (age: 59 ± 21 years) with an APACHE II admission score ≥13 were randomly assigned after stratification upon admission to receive daily EMS sessions of both lower extremities (EMS-group) or to the control group (control group). Muscle mass was evaluated with US, by measuring the cross sectional diameter (CSD) of the vastus intermedius and the rectus femoris of the quadriceps muscle. Results: Twenty-six patients were finally evaluated. Right rectus femoris and right vastus intermedius CSD decreased in both groups (EMS group: from 1.42 ± 0.48 to 1.31 ± 0.45 cm, P = 0.001 control group: from 1.59 ± 0.53 to 1.37 ± 0.5 cm, P = 0.002; EMS group: from 0.91 ± 0.39 to 0.81 ± 0.38 cm, P = 0.001 control group: from 1.40 ± 0.64 to 1.11 ± 0.56 cm, P = 0.004, respectively). However, the CSD of the right rectus femoris decreased significantly less in the EMS group (-0.11 ± 0.06 cm, -8 ± 3.9%) as compared to the control group (-0.21 ± 0.10 cm, -13.9 ± 6.4%; P < 0.05) and the CSD of the right vastus intermedius decreased significantly less in the EMS group (-0.10 ± 0.05 cm, -12.5 ± 7.4%) as compared to the control group (-0.29 ± 0.28 cm, -21.5 ± 15.3%; P < 0.05). Conclusions: EMS is well tolerated and seems to preserve the muscle mass of critically ill patients. The potential use of EMS as a preventive and rehabilitation tool in ICU patients with polyneuromyopathy needs to be further investigated. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00882830

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/cc8123

Cites

4 of 4 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 4 references

Research works printed but not linked: 37

  1. De Jonghe B, Bastuji-Garin S, Sharshar T, Outin H, Brochard L: Does ICU-acquired paresis lengthen weaning from mechanical ventilation? Intensive Care Med 2004, 30: 1117-1121. 10.1007/s00134-004-2174-z · DOI · Paper page
  2. Garnacho-Montero J, Madrazo-Osuna J, García-Garmendia JL, Ortiz-Leyba C, Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Barrero-Almodóvar A, Garnacho-Montero MC, Moyano-Del-Estad MR: Critical illness polyneuropathy: risk factors and clinical consequences. A cohort study in septic patients. Intensive Care Med 2001, 27: 1288-1296. 10.1007/s001340101009 · DOI · Paper page
  3. De Jonghe B, Sharshar T, Lefaucheur JP, Authier FJ, Durand-Zaleski I, Boussarsar M, Cerf C, Renaud E, Mesrati F, Carlet J, Raphaël JC, Outin H, Bastuji-Garin S: Paresis acquired in the intensive care unit: a prospective multicenter study. JAMA 2002, 288: 2859-2867. 10.1001/jama.288.22.2859 · DOI · Paper page
  4. Ali NA, O'Brien JM Jr, Hoffmann SP, Phillips G, Garland A, Finley JC, Almoosa K, Hejal R, Wolf KM, Lemeshow S, Connors AF Jr, Marsh CB: Acquired weakness, handgrip strength, and mortality in critically ill patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008, 178: 261-268. 10.1164/rccm.200712-1829OC · DOI · Paper page
  5. Nanas S, Kritikos K, Angelopoulos E, Siafaka A, Tsikriki S, Poriazi M, Kanaloupiti D, Kontogeorgi M, Pratikaki M, Zervakis D, Routsi C, Roussos C: Predisposing factors for critical illness polyneuromyopathy in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit. Acta Neurol Scand 2008, 118: 175-181. 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2008.00996.x · DOI
  6. Garnacho-Montero J, Amaya-Villar R, García-Garmendía JL, Madrazo-Osuna J, Ortiz-Leyba C: Effect of critical illness polyneuropathy on the withdrawal from mechanical ventilation and the length of stay in septic patients. Crit Care Med 2005, 33: 349-354. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000153521.41848.7E · DOI · Paper page
  7. Berek K, Margreiter J, Willeit J, Berek A, Schmutzhard E, Mutz NJ: Polyneuropathies in critically ill patients: a prospective evaluation. Intensive Care Med 1996, 22: 849-855. 10.1007/BF02044106 · DOI · Paper page
  8. Fletcher SN, Kennedy DD, Ghosh IR, Misra VP, Kiff K, Coakley JH, Hinds CJ: Persistent neuromuscular and neurophysiologic abnormalities in long-term survivors of prolonged critical illness. Crit Care Med 2003, 31: 1012-1016. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000053651.38421.D9 · DOI · Paper page
  9. Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, Vermaest C, Bruyninckx F, Schetz M, Vlasselaers D, Ferdinande P, Lauwers P, Bouillon R: Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2001, 345: 1359-1367. 10.1056/NEJMoa011300 · DOI · Paper page
  10. Griesdale DE, de Souza RJ, van Dam RM, Heyland DK, Cook DJ, Malhotra A, Dhaliwal R, Henderson WR, Chittock DR, Finfer S, Talmor D: Intensive insulin therapy and mortality among critically ill patients: a meta-analysis including NICE-SUGAR study data. CMAJ 2009,180(8):821-827. · DOI · Paper page
  11. Dons B, Bollerup K, Bonde-Petersen F, Hancke S: The effect of weight-lifting exercise related to muscle fiber composition and muscle cross-sectional area in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1979, 40: 95-106. 10.1007/BF00421155 · DOI · Paper page
  12. Magnusson G, Gordon A, Kaijser L, Sylven C, Isberg B, Karpakka J, Saltin B: High intensity knee extensor training, in patients with chronic heart failure - Major skeletal improvements. Eur Heart J 1996, 17: 1048-1055. · DOI
  13. Svanberg E, Frost RA, Lang CH, Isgaard J, Jefferson LS, Kimball SR, Vary TC: IGF-I/IGFBP-3 binary complex modulates sepsis-induced inhibition of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000, 279: E1145-1158. · DOI
  14. Monk D, Plank L, Franch-Arcas G, Finn P, Streat S, Hill G: Sequential changes in the metabolic response in critically injured patients during the first 25 days after blunt trauma. Ann Surg 1996, 223: 395-405. 10.1097/00000658-199604000-00008 · DOI · Paper page
  15. Eikermann M, Koch G, Gerwig M, Ochterbeck C, Beiderlinden M, Koeppen S, Neuhäuser M, Peters J: Muscle force and fatigue in patients with sepsis and multiorgan failure. Intensive Care Med 2006, 32: 251-259. 10.1007/s00134-005-0029-x · DOI
  16. Zanotti E, Felicetti G, Maini M, Fracchia C: Peripheral muscle strength training in bed-bound patients with COPD receiving mechanical ventilation: effect of electrical stimulation. Chest 2003, 124: 292-296. 10.1378/chest.124.1.292 · DOI · Paper page
  17. Vivodtzev I, Pépin JL, Vottero G, Mayer V, Porsin B, Lévy P, Wuyam B: Improvement in quadriceps strength and dyspnea in daily tasks after 1 month of electrical stimulation in severely deconditioned and malnourished COPD. Chest 2006, 129: 1540-1548. 10.1378/chest.129.6.1540 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Nuhr MJ, Pette D, Berger R, Quittan M, Crevenna R, Huelsman M, Wiesinger GF, Moser P, Fialka-Moser V, Pacher R: Beneficial effects of chronic low-frequency stimulation of thigh muscles in patients with advanced chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2004, 25: 136-143. 10.1016/j.ehj.2003.09.027 · DOI · Paper page
  19. Deley G, Kervio G, Verges B, Hannequin A, Petitdant MF, Salmi-Belmihoub S, Grassi B, Casillas JM: Comparison of low-frequency electrical myostimulation and conventional aerobic exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2005, 12: 226-233. 10.1097/00149831-200506000-00007 · doi:10.1097/00149831-200506000-00007
  20. Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE: APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985, 13: 818-829. 10.1097/00003246-198510000-00009 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Moreno RP, Metnitz PGH, Almeida E, Jordan B, Bauer P, Campos RA, Lapichino G, Edbrooke D, Capuzzo M, Le Gall JL: SAPS 3 From the evaluation of the patient to the evaluation of the intensive care unit. Part 2: Development of a prognostic model for hospital mortality at ICU admission. Intensive Care Med 2005, 31: 1345-1355. 10.1007/s00134-005-2763-5 · DOI · Paper page
  22. Sipila S, Suominen H: Muscle Ultrasonography and Computed Tomography in elderly trained and untrained women. Muscle & Nerve 1993, 16: 294-300. 10.1002/mus.880160309 · DOI
  23. Sipilä S, Suominen H: Quantitative ultrasonography of muscle: detection of adaptations to training in elderly women. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1996, 77: 1173-1178. 10.1016/S0003-9993(96)90143-4 · DOI
  24. Montes R: Changes in the cross-sectional diameter of muscle ultrasonography between relaxation and maximum voluntary isometric contraction in normal young subjects. Physiotherapy 2001, 87: 172-178. 10.1016/S0031-9406(05)60603-7 · DOI
  25. Gerovasili V, Karatzanos L, Stefanidis K, Vitzilaios K, Anastasiou E, Mitsiou G, Antelli A, Zervakis D, Nanas S: Electrical muscle stimulation: A tool to prevent critical illness polyneuromyopathy? Prospective randomized study. Intensive Care Medicine 2008, 34: s200.
  26. Campbell IT, Watt T, Withers D, England R, Sukumar S, Keegan MA, Faragher B, Martin DF: Muscle thickness, measured with ultrasound, may be an indicator of lean tissue wasting in multiple organ failure in the presence of edema. Am J Clin Nutr 1995, 62: 533-539. · DOI · Paper page
  27. Lin J, Fessell D, Jacobson J, Weadock W, Hayes C: An illustrated tutorial of musculoskeletal sonography: Part I, introduction and general principles. AJR 2000, 175: 637-645. · doi:10.2214/ajr.175.3.1750637
  28. Plank LD, Connolly AB, Hill GL: Sequential changes in the metabolic response in severely septic patients during the first 23 days after the onset of peritonitis. Ann Surg 1998, 228: 146-158. 10.1097/00000658-199808000-00002 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Reid CL, Murgatroyd PR, Wright A, Menon DK: Quantification of lean and fat tissue repletion following critical illness: a case report. Crit Care 2008, 12: R79. 10.1186/cc6929 · DOI
  30. Neder JA, Sword D, Ward SA, Mackay E, Cochrane LM, Clark CJ: Home based neuromuscular electrical stimulation as a new rehabilitative strategy for severely disabled patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Thorax 2002, 57: 333-337. 10.1136/thorax.57.4.333 · DOI · Paper page
  31. Bourjeily-Habr G, Rochester CL, Palermo F, Snyder P, Mohsenin V: Randomised controlled trial of transcutaneous electrical muscle stimulation of the lower extremities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 2002, 57: 1045-1049. 10.1136/thorax.57.12.1045 · DOI · Paper page
  32. Bouletreau P, Patricot MC, Saudin F, Guiraud M, Mathian B: Effects of intermittent electrical stimulations on muscle catabolism in intensive care patients. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1987,11(6):552-555. 10.1177/0148607187011006552 · DOI
  33. Taylor PN, Ewins DJ, Fox B, Grundy D, Swain ID: Limb blood flow, cardiac output and quadriceps muscle bulk following spinal cord injury and the effect of training for the Odstock functional electrical stimulation standing system. Paraplegia 1993, 31: 303-310. · DOI
  34. Gerovasili V, Tripodaki E, Karatzanos E, Pitsolis T, Markaki V, Zervakis D, Routsi C, Roussos C, Nanas S: Acute systemic effect of electrical muscle stimulation in critically ill patients. Chest, in press.
  35. Walton J, Roberts N, Whitehouse GH: Measurement of the quadriceps femoris muscle using magnetic resonance and ultrasound imaging. Br J Sports Med 1997, 31: 59-64. 10.1136/bjsm.31.1.59 · DOI
  36. Schweickert WD, Pohlman MC, Pohlman AS, Nigos C, Pawlik AJ, Esbrook CL, Spears L, Miller M, Franczyk M, Deprizio D, Schmidt GA, Bowman A, Barr R, McCallister KE, Hall JB, Kress JP: Early physical and occupational therapy in mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2009,373(9678):1874-1882. 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60658-9 · DOI · Paper page
  37. Morris PE, Goad A, Thompson C, Taylor K, Harry B, Passmore L, Ross A, Anderson L, Baker S, Sanchez M, Penley L, Howard A, Dixon L, Leach S, Small R, Hite RD, Haponik E: Early intensive care unit mobility therapy in the treatment of acute respiratory failure. Crit Care Med 2008, 36: 2238-2243. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e318180b90e · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

See all 370

Metadata

Authors
Gerovasili, V., Stefanidis, K., Vitzilaios, K., Karatzanos, E., Politis, P., Koroneos, A., Chatzimichail, A., Routsi, C., Roussos, C., & Nanas, S.
Venue
Critical Care
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2009-10-08
Volume
13
Issue
5
Pages
R161-R161
ISSN
1364-8535 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/cc8123
OpenAlex
W2141500947
Cited by
370
References
4
FWCI
14.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold
Licence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Electrical muscle stimulation preserves the muscle mass of critically ill patients: a randomized study. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1186/cc8123
The paper
Gerovasili, V., Stefanidis, K., Vitzilaios, K., Karatzanos, E., Politis, P., Koroneos, A., Chatzimichail, A., Routsi, C., Roussos, C., & Nanas, S. (2009). Electrical muscle stimulation preserves the muscle mass of critically ill patients: a randomized study. Critical Care. https://doi.org/10.1186/cc8123

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.