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Cited by 63Marine Invertebrate Physiology and EcologyGenomics and Phylogenetic StudiesVenomous Animal Envenomation and Studies

A new transcriptome and transcriptome profiling of adult and larval tissue in the box jellyfish Alatina alata: an emerging model for studying venom, vision and sex

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Lewis Ames, Cheryl, Ryan, Joseph F., Bely, Alexandra E., Cartwright, Paulyn, Collins, Allen G.·2016·BMC Genomics
DOI 10.1186/s12864-016-2944-3PMC PMC4989536
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cubozoans (box jellyfish) are cnidarians that have evolved a number of distinguishing features. Many cubozoans have a particularly potent sting, effected by stinging structures called nematocysts; cubozoans have well-developed light sensation, possessing both image-forming lens eyes and light-sensitive eye spots; and some cubozoans have complex mating behaviors, including aggregations, copulation and internal fertilization. The cubozoan Alatina alata is emerging as a cnidarian model because it forms predictable monthly nearshore breeding aggregations in tropical to subtropical waters worldwide, making both adult and larval material reliably accessible. To develop resources for A. alata, this study generated a functionally annotated transcriptome of adult and larval tissue, applying preliminary differential expression analyses to identify candidate genes involved in nematogenesis and venom production, vision and extraocular sensory perception, and sexual reproduction, which for brevity we refer to as "venom", "vision" and "sex". RESULTS: We assembled a transcriptome de novo from RNA-Seq data pooled from multiple body parts (gastric cirri, ovaries, tentacle (with pedalium base) and rhopalium) of an adult female A. alata medusa and larval planulae. Our transcriptome comprises ~32 K transcripts, after filtering, and provides a basis for analyzing patterns of gene expression in adult and larval box jellyfish tissues. Furthermore, we annotated a large set of candidate genes putatively involved in venom, vision and sex, providing an initial molecular characterization of these complex features in cubozoans. Expression profiles and gene tree reconstruction provided a number of preliminary insights into the putative sites of nematogenesis and venom production, regions of phototransduction activity and fertilization dynamics in A. alata. CONCLUSIONS: Our Alatina alata transcriptome significantly adds to the genomic resources for this emerging cubozoan model. This study provides the first annotated transcriptome from multiple tissues of a cubozoan focusing on both the adult and larvae. Our approach of using multiple body parts and life stages to generate this transcriptome effectively identified a broad range of candidate genes for the further study of coordinated processes associated with venom, vision and sex. This new genomic resource and the candidate gene dataset are valuable for further investigating the evolution of distinctive features of cubozoans, and of cnidarians more broadly.

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  • A transcriptomic analysis of the cirri in the cubozoan Alatina revealed an over-representation of toxin-like genes and digestive enzymes, suggesting a dual role of this tissue in extracellular digestion and venom release.

    “A recent transcriptomic analysis of the cirri in the cubozoan Alatina has revealed an over-representation of toxin-like genes (e.g. conotoxin-like genes) and digestive enzymes (chymotrypsin-like genes), suggesting a dual role of this tissue in extracellular digestion and venom release (Lewis Ames et al. 2016).”

    From A non-bilaterian perspective on the development and evolution of animal digestive systems (2019) · cites this paper as Lewis Ames et al. 2016

    The Results (RNA-Seq and bioinformatics; page unavailable) report abundant putative venom genes and digestion-related proteins in Alatina gastric cirri, including chymotrypsin-like homologs. The Discussion (Prey capture and defense; page unavailable) proposes a dual role in venom and digestion, but the copy does not identify the cited conotoxin-like example or establish that digestion is extracellular. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Lewis Ames, C., Ryan, J. F., Bely, A. E., Cartwright, P., & Collins, A. G.
Affiliations
  • University of Florida (US)
  • University of Maryland, College Park (US)
  • University of Kansas (US)
  • Smithsonian Institution (US)
ORCID
Venue
BMC Genomics
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2016-08-17
Volume
17
Issue
1
Pages
650-650
ISSN
1471-2164 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12864-016-2944-3
PMC
PMC4989536
OpenAlex
W2508650478
Cited by
63
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2
FWCI
6.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2016-11-28)
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • BMC Genomics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • University Libraries (University of Maryland) (submittedVersion)
  • KU ScholarWorks (The University of Kansas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Digital Repository at the University of Maryland (University of Maryland College Park)
Funders
  • National Museum of Natural History
  • National Science Foundatiom (DEB‒095357)
  • University of Florida (Initiatives #00114464)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies
Keywords
box jellyfish, cubozoans, transcriptome, de novo transcriptome assembly, venom production, nematocysts, phototransduction, vision, sexual reproduction, fertilisation (biology), planulae, Medusa, gene expression profiling
MeSH terms
Animals, Cnidarian Venoms, Larva, Oogenesis, Organ Specificity, Sex Characteristics, Sperm Motility, Vision, Ocular, Gene Expression Profiling, Cubozoa, Embryonic Development, Molecular Sequence Annotation

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