The DOI matches its Crossref record; 75 of the 78 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Interventions to address social connectedness and loneliness for older adults: a scoping review
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Older adults are at risk for loneliness, and interventions to promote social connectedness are needed to directly address this problem. The nature of interventions aimed to affect the distinct, subjective concepts of loneliness/social connectedness has not been clearly described. The purpose of this review was to map the literature on interventions and strategies to affect loneliness/social connectedness for older adults. METHODS: A comprehensive scoping review was conducted. Six electronic databases were searched from inception in July 2015, resulting in 5530 unique records. Standardized inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in a set of 44 studies (reported in 54 articles) for further analysis. Data were extracted to describe the interventions and strategies, and the context of the included studies. Analytic techniques included calculating frequencies, manifest content analysis and meta-summary. RESULTS: Interventions were described or evaluated in 39 studies, and five studies described strategies to affect loneliness/social connectedness of older adults or their caregivers in a qualitative descriptive study. The studies were often conducted in the United States (38.6%) among community dwelling (54.5%), cognitively intact (31.8%), and female-majority (86.4%) samples. Few focused on non-white participants (4.5%). Strategies described most often were engaging in purposeful activity and maintaining contact with one's social network. Of nine intervention types identified, the most frequently described were One-to-One Personal Contact and Group Activity. Authors held divergent views of why the same type of intervention might impact social connectedness, but social contact was the most frequently conceptualized influencing factor targeted, both within and across intervention types. CONCLUSIONS: Research to test the divergent theories of why interventions work is needed to advance understanding of intervention mechanisms. Innovative conceptualizations of intervention targets are needed, such as purposeful activity, that move beyond the current focus on the objective social network as a way to promote social connectedness for older adults.
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“However, most loneliness interventions aimed at older individuals focus rather on other facets, such as social contact (O ' Rourke et al., 2018).”
From Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of an internet-based CBT intervention for loneliness in older adults: A pilot RCT (2024) · cites this paper as O ' Rourke et al., 2018
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Holt‐Lunstad, J. (2024) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.21224 · Cited by 541
Loneliness from young adulthood to old age: explaining age differences in loneliness
Hawkley, L. C., Buecker, S., Kaiser, T., & Luhmann, M. (2022) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1177/0165025420971048 · Cited by 281
Cené, C. W., Beckie, T. M., Sims, M., Suglia, S. F., Aggarwal, B., Moise, N., Jiménez, M. C., Gaye, B., & McCullough, L. D. (2022) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.122.026493 · Cited by 243
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Metadata
- Authors
- O’Rourke, H. M., Collins, L., & Sidani, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Toronto Metropolitan University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- O’Rourke, Hannah M.
- Venue
- BMC Geriatrics
- Published
- 2018-09-15
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 214-214
- ISSN
- 1471-2318 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6139173
- OpenAlex
- W2891167182
- Cited by
- 362
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 67 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 11
- FWCI
- 4.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Geriatrics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Trainee funding)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- loneliness, social connectedness, older adults, intervention, social contact, group activities, purposeful activity, social networks, caregivers, intervention mechanisms
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Loneliness, Social Behavior, Social Support, Databases, Factual, Caregivers, Qualitative Research
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