Effect of home-based lifestyle interventions on cognition in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review
Open accessAbstract
Background: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is frequently a precursor to dementia, affecting aspects of cognition such as language, thinking, or memory. Lifestyle interventions are increasingly studied as potential means to slow the progression from MCI to dementia. Objective: A systematic review was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of home-based lifestyle interventions in reducing cognitive decline in older adults with MCI. Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to identify home-based lifestyle interventions for individuals with MCI from 1980 to 2023. These interventions were either single-component or multi-component and included diet, physical activity, stress-reduction, or cognitive stimulation treatments to assess their impact on cognition. We performed a comprehensive search in the PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase, and MEDLINE databases. Results: From 320 abstracts, 20 (6.25%) studies met the criteria for inclusion, with five multi-component and fifteen single-component studies. Eighteen home-based lifestyle interventions for MCI patients were focused on physical activity, diet, and/or cognitive training, while two studies were identified that incorporated stress reduction training as a method to improve cognitive function. Nineteen studies reported significant improvements in cognitive performance between the experimental and control groups post-intervention for at least one aspect of cognition. Four studies reported nonsignificant improvements in cognitive function between the two groups for at least one area of cognition. Conclusions: Home-based lifestyle interventions have the potential to improve cognition in elderly patients with MCI. However, future RCTs with larger sample sizes and longer intervention durations are needed to confirm these findings.
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There is much evidence that lifestyle intervention and adoption of healthy lifestyles promotes cognitive health and staves off cognitive decline.
“There is much evidence that lifestyle intervention and adoption of healthy lifestyles promotes cognitive health and staves off cognitive decline [85–92]”
From Personalized machine learning guided intervention for optimizing lifestyle behaviors in depression: a pilot study (2026) · cites this paper as [88]
The Results report that 19 of 20 studies of home-based lifestyle interventions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment found improvement in at least one aspect of cognition. The Conclusion says these interventions may help combat cognitive decline, but calls for larger, longer trials. The source does not establish the broader claim about adopting healthy lifestyles generally or state the effect as firmly as the citing sentence does. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Zou, C., Amos-Richards, D., Jagannathan, R., & Kulshreshtha, A.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Zou, Cynthia
- Venue
- BMC Geriatrics
- Published
- 2024-02-27
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 200-200
- ISSN
- 1471-2318 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10900825
- OpenAlex
- W4392189139
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 1.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- BMC Geriatrics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (K23AG066931)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
- Keywords
- mild cognitive impairment, cognitive decline, older adults, physical activity, diet, cognitive training, stress reduction, dementia prevention, multicomponent intervention
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Cognition, Dementia, Humans, Life Style, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Dysfunction
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