Barriers and facilitators to improve safety and efficiency of the ICU discharge process: a mixed methods study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Evidence indicates that suboptimal clinical handover from the intensive care unit (ICU) to general wards leads to unnecessary ICU readmissions and increased mortality. We aimed to gain insight into barriers and facilitators to implement and use ICU discharge practices. METHODS: A mixed methods approach was conducted, using 1) 23 individual and four focus group interviews, with post-ICU patients, ICU managers, and nurses and physicians working in the ICU or general ward of ten Dutch hospitals, and 2) a questionnaire survey, which contained 27 statements derived from the interviews, and was completed by 166 ICU physicians (21.8%) from 64 Dutch hospitals (71.1% of the total of 90 Dutch hospitals). RESULTS: The interviews resulted in 66 barriers and facilitators related to: the intervention (e.g., feasibility); the professional (e.g., attitude towards checklists); social factors (e.g., presence or absence of a culture of feedback); and the organisation (e.g., financial resources). A facilitator considered important by ICU physicians was a checklist to structure discharge communication (92.2%). Barriers deemed important were lack of a culture of feedback (55.4%), an absence of discharge criteria (23.5%), and an overestimation of the capabilities of general wards to care for complex patients by ICU physicians (74.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the barriers and facilitators found in this study, improving handover communication, formulating specific discharge criteria, stimulating a culture of feedback, and preventing overestimation of the general ward are important to effectively improve the ICU discharge process.
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The ICU-ward transition remains vulnerable to nonstandard and suboptimal practices.
“which remains vulnerable to nonstandard and suboptimal practices [8].”
From Improving Communication in Intensive Care Unit to Ward Transitions: Protocol for Multisite National Implementation of the ICU-PAUSE Handoff Tool (2023) · cites this paper as [8]
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- Authors
- van Sluisveld, N., Oerlemans, A., Westert, G., van der Hoeven, J. G., Wollersheim, H., & Zegers, M.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- Venue
- BMC Health Services Research
- Published
- 2017-04-04
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 251-251
- ISSN
- 1472-6963 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5381117
- OpenAlex
- W2604398369
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 5.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- BMC Health Services Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- ZonMw (171203006, 170996006)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Hospital Admissions and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Emergency Medical Services › Patient Safety and Medication Errors
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Healthcare Quality and Management
- Keywords
- intensive care unit discharge, handoff communication, barriers and facilitators, ICU readmission, discharge checklist, discharge criteria, ICU physicians, general ward care, patient safety
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Critical Care, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Interviews as Topic, Male, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Patient Discharge, Patients' Rooms, Surveys and Questionnaires, Focus Groups, Qualitative Research, Checklist, Quality Improvement, Patient Safety, Patient Handoff
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