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Cited by 22Fatty Acid Research and HealthAquaculture Nutrition and GrowthLipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health

Effect of omega-3 supplementation on lipid profile in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

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Khorshidi, Masoud, Hazaveh, Zohreh Sajadi, Alimohammadi-kamalabadi, Malek, Jamshidi, Sanaz, Moghaddam, Omid Moradi, Olang, Beheshteh, Hatefi, Sayeh, Hosseini, Amirhossein +6 more·2023·Nutrition Journal
DOI 10.1186/s12937-022-00826-5PMC PMC9912483
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Abstract

Purpose: Dyslipidemia is considered as a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Yet various trials with wide ranges of doses and durations have reported contradictory results. We undertook this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine whether omega-3 supplementation can affect lipid profile in children and adolescents. Methods: Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched up to March 2021. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effect method. Effect size was expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2index. In order to identification of potential sources of heterogeneity, predefined subgroup and meta-regression analysis was conducted. Results: A total of 14 RCTs with 15 data sets were included. Based on the combination of effect sizes, there was a significant reduction in TG levels (WMD: -15.71 mg/dl, 95% CI: -25.76 to -5.65,P=0.002), with remarkable heterogeneity (I 2=88.3%,P<0.001). However, subgroup analysis revealed that omega-3 supplementation significantly decreased TG only in studies conducted on participants ≤13 years old (WMD=-25.09, 95% CI: -43.29 to -6.90,P=0.007), (I 2=84.6%,P<0.001) and those with hypertriglyceridemia (WMD=-28.26, 95% CI: -39.12 to -17.41,P<0.001), (I 2=0.0%,P=0.934). Omega-3 supplementation had no significant effect on total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL levels. Also, results of nonlinear analysis showed significant effect of treatment duration on HDL status (P non-linearity=0.047). Conclusion: Omega-3 supplementation may significantly reduce TG levels in younger children and those with hypertriglyceridemia. Also, based on the HDL-related results, clinical trials with longer duration of intervention are recommended in this population.

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Authors
Khorshidi, M., Hazaveh, Z. S., Alimohammadi-kamalabadi, M., Jamshidi, S., Moghaddam, O. M., Olang, B., Hatefi, S., Hosseini, A., Jamilian, P., Zarezadeh, M., Kohansal, P., Heshmati, J., Jamilian, P., & Sayyari, A.
Affiliations
  • Iran University of Medical Sciences (IR)
  • Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (IR)
  • Keele University (GB)
  • Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (IR)
  • Islamic Azad University, Tehran (IR)
  • Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (IR)
  • Shahid Beheshti University (IR)
Corresponding author
Sayyari, Aliakbar
ORCID
Venue
Nutrition Journal
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2023-02-10
Volume
22
Issue
1
Pages
9-9
ISSN
1475-2891 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12937-022-00826-5
PMC
PMC9912483
OpenAlex
W4319982347
Cited by
22
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 3
FWCI
0.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nutrition Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (24910)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Keywords
omega-3 fatty acids, dietary supplementation, lipid profile, children, adolescents, hypertriglyceridemia, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular risk
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Child, Humans, Lipids, Hypertriglyceridemia, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Dietary Supplements, Dyslipidemias

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