CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 114Iron Metabolism and DisordersHemoglobinopathies and Related DisordersMalaria Research and Control

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Prevalence and risk factors for anemia severity and type in Malawian men and women: urban and rural differences

Open access
Adamu, Aishatu L., Crampin, Amelia, Kayuni, Ndoliwe, Amberbir, Alemayehu, Koole, Olivier, Phiri, Amos, Nyirenda, Moffat, Fine, Paul·2017·Population Health Metrics
DOI 10.1186/s12963-017-0128-2PMC PMC5371260
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The global burden of anemia is large especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where HIV is common and lifestyles are changing rapidly with urbanization. The effects of these changes are unknown. Studies of anemia usually focus on pregnant women or children, among whom the burden is greatest. We describe prevalence and risk factors for anemia among rural and urban men and women of all ages in Malawi. METHODS: We analyzed data from a population-wide cross-sectional survey of adults conducted in two sites, Karonga (rural) and Lilongwe (urban), commencing in May 2013. We used multinomial logistic regression models, stratified by sex to identify risk factors for mild and moderate-to-severe anemia. RESULTS: Anemia prevalence was assessed among 8,926 men (age range 18-100 years) and 14,978 women (age range: 18-103 years). Weighted prevalence levels for all, mild, and moderate-to-severe anemia were 8.2, 6.7 and 1.2% in rural men; 19.4, 12.0 and 7.4% in rural women; 5.9, 5.1 and 0.8% in urban men; and 23.4, 13.6 and 10.1% in urban women. Among women, the odds of anemia were higher among urban residents and those with higher socioeconomic status. Increasing age was associated with higher anemia prevalence in men. Among both men and women, HIV infection was a consistent risk factor for severity of anemia, though its relative effect was stronger on moderate-to-severe anemia. CONCLUSIONS: The drivers of anemia in this population are complex, include both socioeconomic and biological factors and are affecting men and women differently. The associations with urban lifestyle and HIV indicate opportunities for targeted intervention.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/s12963-017-0128-2

Cites

51 of 51 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Fig. 1 a. Prevalence of mild anemia by age in men and women. b. Prevalence of moderate-to-severe anemia by age in men and women
Fig. 1 a. Prevalence of mild anemia by age in men and women. b. Prevalence of moderate-to-severe anemia by age in men and womenCC BY · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. WHO, VMNIS. Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity. Geneva: Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System, WHO; 2011.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 114

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Adamu, A. L., Crampin, A., Kayuni, N., Amberbir, A., Koole, O., Phiri, A., Nyirenda, M., & Fine, P.
Affiliations
  • Bayero University Kano (NG)
  • London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
  • Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit (MW)
Corresponding author
Adamu, Aishatu L.
ORCID
Venue
Population Health Metrics
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2017-03-29
Volume
15
Issue
1
Pages
12-12
ISSN
1478-7954 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12963-017-0128-2
PMC
PMC5371260
OpenAlex
W2598653401
Cited by
114
References
52
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4
FWCI
7.35
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Population Health Metrics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion)
  • LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • Greater South Information System
Funders
Wellcome Trust
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics (clinical) › Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
Keywords
anemia, anemia severity, anemia prevalence, risk factors, HIV infection, urbanization, urban-rural differences, sex differences, socioeconomic status, adults, Malawi
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anemia, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Malawi, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Rural Population, Severity of Illness Index, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban Population, HIV Infections, Prevalence, Logistic Models, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review