Radiosensitization of breast cancer cells using AS1411 aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticles
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been used to sensitize cancer cells and enhance the absorbed dose delivered to such cells. Active targeting can provide specific effect and higher uptake of the GNPs in the tumor cells, while having small effect on healthy cells. The aim of this study was to assess the possible radiosensitiazation effect of GNPs conjugated with AS1411 aptamer (AS1411/GNPs) on cancer cells treated with 4 MeV electron beams. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cytotoxicity studies of the GNPs and AS1411/GNPs were carried out with MTT and MTS assay in different cancer cell lines of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and mammospheres of MCF-7 cells. Atomic absorption spectroscopy confirmed the cellular uptake of the gold particles. Radiosensitizing effect of the GNPs and AS1411/GNPs on the cancer cells was assessed by clonogenic assay. RESULT: AS1411 aptamer increased the Au uptake in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Clonogenic survival data revealed that AS1411/GNPs at 12.5 mg/L could result in radiosensitization of the breast cancer cells and lead to a sensitizer enhancement ratio of 1.35 and 1.66 and 1.91 for MCf-7, MDA-MB-231 and mammosphere cells. CONCLUSION: Gold nanoparticles delivery to the cancer cells was enhanced by AS1411 aptamer and led to enhanced radiation induced cancer cells death. The combination of our clonogenic assay and Au cell uptake results suggested that AS1411 aptamer has enhanced the radiation-induced cell death by increasing Au uptake. This enhanced sensitization contributed to cancer stem cell-like cells to 4 MeV electron beams. This is particularly important for future preclinical testing to open a new insight for the treatment of cancers.
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Clonogenic survival assays demonstrated reduced survival fractions in nanoparticle-treated cells compared to radiotherapy alone.
“Clonogenic survival assays demonstrated reduced survival fractions in nanoparticle-treated cells compared to radiotherapy alone [20,30,33,79].”
From Nanoparticle-Mediated Radiosensitization in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence and Translational Challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Mehrnia, S. S., Hashemi, B., Mowla, S. J., Nikkhah, M., & Arbabi, A.
- Affiliations
- Tarbiat Modares University (IR)
- Imam Hossein Hospital (IR)
- Corresponding author
- Hashemi, Bijan
- Venue
- Radiation Oncology
- Published
- 2021-02-10
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 33-33
- ISSN
- 1748-717X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7877080
- OpenAlex
- W3126488769
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 6.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Radiation Oncology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Iran National Science Foundation (93049384)
- Tarbiat Modares University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
- Keywords
- gold nanoparticles, AS1411 aptamer, radiosensitization, breast cancer, electron beam therapy, active targeting, MCF-7 cells, MDA-MB-231 cells, mammospheres, cancer stem cells, clonogenic survival, sensitizer enhancement ratio
- MeSH terms
- Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Neoplasms, Electrons, Female, Gold, Humans, Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Radiation-Sensitizing Agents, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Apoptosis, Cell Proliferation, Aptamers, Nucleotide, Metal Nanoparticles
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