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Cited by 49Research on Leishmaniasis StudiesBrucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatmentVector-borne infectious diseases

The first report of autochthonous non-vector-borne transmission of canine leishmaniosis in the Nordic countries

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Karkamo, Veera, Kaistinen, Anu, Näreaho, Anu, Dillard, Kati, Vainio-Siukola, Katri, Vidgrén, Gabriele, Tuoresmäki, Niina, Anttila, Marjukka·2014·Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
DOI 10.1186/s13028-014-0084-9PMC PMC4310168
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Leishmania spp. are zoonotic protozoans that infect humans and other mammals such as dogs. The most significant causative species in dogs is L. infantum. In dogs, leishmaniosis is a potentially progressive, chronic disease with varying clinical outcomes. Autochthonous cases of canine leishmaniosis have not previously been reported in the Nordic countries. RESULTS: In this report we describe the first diagnosed autochthonous cases of canine leishmaniosis in Finland, in which transmission via a suitable arthropod vector was absent. Two Finnish boxers that had never been in endemic areas of Leishmania spp., had never received blood transfusions, nor were infested by ectoparasites were diagnosed with leishmaniosis. Another dog was found with elevated Leishmania antibodies. A fourth boxer dog that had been in Spain was considered to be the source of these infections. Transmission occurred through biting wounds and semen, however, transplacental infection in one of the dogs could not be ruled out. Two of the infected dogs developed a serious disease and were euthanized and sent for necropsy. The first one suffered from membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and the second one had a chronic systemic disease. Leishmania sp. was detected from tissues by PCR and/or IHC in both dogs. The third infected dog was serologically positive for Leishmania sp. but remained free of clinical signs. CONCLUSIONS: This case report shows that imported Leishmania-infected dogs may pose a risk for domestic dogs, even without suitable local arthropod vectors.

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  • In many Southern European countries, there is a risk of exposure to diseases not encountered in the northern, importing countries; animals could be infected with Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia canis, Brucella canis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, Echinococcus multilocularis, Echinococcus granulosus, Ehrlichia canis, Hepatozoon canis, Leishmania infantum, Linguat

    “In many Southern European countries, there is also a risk of exposure to diseases not encountered in the northern, importing, countries. Animals could be infected with Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia canis, Brucella canis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Dirofilaria immitis (heartworm), Dirofilaria repens (subcutaneous worm), Echinococcus multilocularis (fox tapeworm), Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid or”

    From A One Health Perspective on the Human-Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects. (2020) · cites this paper as [196]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Karkamo, V., Kaistinen, A., Näreaho, A., Dillard, K., Vainio-Siukola, K., Vidgrén, G., Tuoresmäki, N., & Anttila, M.
Affiliations
University of Helsinki (FI)
Corresponding author
Karkamo, Veera
ORCID
Venue
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2014-12
Volume
56
Issue
1
Pages
84-84
ISSN
  • 0044-605X (ISSN-L)
  • 1751-0147
DOI
10.1186/s13028-014-0084-9
PMC
PMC4310168
OpenAlex
W2102153912
Cited by
49
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2012: 1
FWCI
3.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Acta veterinaria Scandinavica (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
Keywords
canine leishmaniasis, Leishmania infantum, autochthonous transmission, boxers, semen transmission, transplacental transmission, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, serological diagnosis, Finland, Nordic countries
MeSH terms
Animals, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Female, Finland, Leishmania, Leishmaniasis, Male, Spain, Polymerase Chain Reaction

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