Recruitment of young adult cancer survivors into a randomized controlled trial of an mHealth physical activity intervention
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: Few studies have recruited young adult cancer survivors (YACS) from around the USA into remotely-delivered behavioral clinical trials. This study describes recruitment strategies used in the IMproving Physical Activity after Cancer Treatment (IMPACT) study, a 12-month randomized controlled trial of a mobile physical activity intervention for YACS. Methods: We conducted formative work to guide development of recruitment messages and used a variety of methods and channels to recruit posttreatment YACS (diagnosed ages 18–39, participating in < 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity). We used targeted social media advertisements, direct mailings, clinical referrals, and phone calls to potentially eligible individuals identified through local tumor registries. We also asked community organizations to share study information and advertized at a national conference for YACS. Results: The final sample of 280 participants (23% identified as racial/ethnic minority individuals, 18% male, mean 33.4 ± 4.8 years) was recruited over a 14-month period. About 38% of those who completed initial screening online (n = 684) or via telephone (n = 63) were randomized. The top recruitment approach was unpaid social media, primarily via Facebook posts by organizations/friends (45%), while direct mail yielded 40.7% of participants. Other social media (paid advertisements, Twitter), email, clinic referrals, and conference advertisements each yielded 3% or fewer participants. The most cost-effective methods per participant recruited were unpaid social media posts and direct mailings. Conclusions: The IMPACT trial successfully met enrollment goals using a national strategy to recruit physically inactive YACS. Our approaches can inform recruitment planning for other remotely-delivered intervention trials enrolling YACS. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.govNCT03569605. Registered on 26 June 2018.
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The 40.5% consent rate is slightly higher, though similar, to recruitment metrics for other behavioral interventions targeting YA cancer survivors and studies involving patient-reported outcomes.
“This number is slightly higher, though similar, to recruitment metrics for other behavioral interventions targeting YA cancer survivors [91, 92] and studies involving patient-reported outcomes [93]”
From Improving symptom management for survivors of young adult cancer: rationale and study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [91]
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“This number is slightly higher, though similar, to recruitment metrics for other behavioral interventions targeting YA cancer survivors [91, 92] and studies involving patient-reported outcomes [93] YA’s reasons for declining participation pointed to the significant competing demands experienced by…”
Result
- Authors
- Valle, C. G., Camp, L. N., Diamond, M., Nezami, B. T., LaRose, J. G., Pinto, B. M., & Tate, D. F.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Boston College (US)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
- University of South Carolina (US)
- Corresponding author
- Valle, Carmina G.
- Venue
- Trials
- Published
- 2022-04-04
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 254-254
- ISSN
- 1745-6215 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8981777
- OpenAlex
- W4224315570
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 3.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Trials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA204965, P30CA016086, T32CA128582)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK056350)
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (No number (University Cancer ResearchFund))
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002489)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Social Media in Health Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Keywords
- young adult cancer survivors, trial recruitment, mobile health intervention, physical activity, social media recruitment, direct mail, impact studies, recruitment cost-effectiveness, racial and ethnic minorities
- MeSH terms
- Cancer Survivors, Adolescent, Adult, Ethnicity, Female, Humans, Male, Minority Groups, Neoplasms, Exercise, Telemedicine, Patient Selection, Young Adult
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